DAVID PIERSON, PAUL SONNE2025年2月25日俄罗斯国家媒体上月发布的俄罗斯总统普京与中国国家主席习近平举行视频通话的照片。 Gavriil Grigorov/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesChina’s leader said his country and Russia were “true friends who have been through thick and thin together” after a video call with President Vladimir V. Putin on Monday, part of a pointed mutual affirmation of allegiance between Beijing and Moscow as President Trump has turned toward the Kremlin.周一，中国领导人在与俄罗斯总统普京进行视频通话后表示，中国和俄罗斯是“患难与共”的“真朋友”，这是在特朗普总统转向克里姆林宫之际，北京和莫斯科明确表示相互忠诚的行动之一。The warm words attributed to Xi Jinping in Chinese state media were clearly intended to dampen speculation that the Trump administration, which has pursued a rapid rapprochement with Russia, might succeed in driving a wedge between Beijing and Moscow.中国官方媒体发表的习近平的的热情话语显然是为了打消外界对特朗普政府可能成功挑拨中俄关系的猜测。特朗普政府一直在寻求与俄罗斯迅速修好。The call came on the anniversary of Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, after three years in which China extended a lifeline to Russia by helping Mr. Putin weather economic isolation from the West and struggles on the battlefield.这次通话正值俄罗斯于2022年入侵乌克兰三周年之际。三年来，中国向俄罗斯伸出援手，帮助普京克服西方的经济封锁和艰难战局。Shortly before the invasion of Ukraine, Mr. Xi and Mr. Putin heralded a “no limits” partnership. Since then, China has sustained Russia’s war machine with oil purchases and exports of dual-use technologies.在乌克兰战争之前不久，习近平和普京宣布建立“没有止境”的伙伴关系。从那以后，中国通过购买石油和出口军民两用技术来维持俄罗斯的战争机器。Mr. Xi and Mr. Putin also share an ideological opposition to the West. They blame the United States for holding back their global ambitions, and promote a reshaping of the global order to weaken Washington’s dominance.习近平和普京在意识形态上都反对西方。他们指责美国阻碍了他们的全球野心，并推动重塑全球秩序，以削弱华盛顿的主导地位。“History and reality show us that China and Russia are good neighbors who won’t move away, and true friends who have been through thick and thin together, support each other and develop together,” Mr. Xi was quoted as saying by Chinese state media.“历史和现实昭示我们，中俄是搬不走的好邻居，是患难与共、相互支持、共同发展的真朋友，”中国官方媒体援引习近平的话说。Mr. Xi said relations between China and Russia were not “affected by any third party,” in what appeared to be an oblique reference to the United States. And he said the two countries’ foreign policies were there for the “long term.”习近平说，中俄关系“不受任何第三方影响”，这似乎是在暗指美国。他还说，两国的外交政策是“管长远的”。The Kremlin issued a similarly cordial statement after the call, describing Mr. Xi and Mr. Putin’s conversation as “warm and friendly.” In a rebuff of the idea that President Trump could divide the two countries, the Kremlin added: “The leaders emphasized that the Russian-Chinese foreign policy link is the most important stabilizing factor in world affairs,” and said the relationship was “not subject to external influence.”克里姆林宫在通话后也发表了类似的友好声明，称习近平和普京的通话“热情友好”。克里姆林宫驳斥了特朗普总统可能分裂两国的观点，称“两位领导人强调，俄中外交政策联系是世界事务中最重要的稳定因素”，并表示，这种关系“不受外部因素干扰”。The call was the second between Mr. Xi and Mr. Putin in just over a month, coming less than two weeks after Mr. Trump upended U.S. strategy toward Russia by holding a phone call with Mr. Putin and appearing to side with him over the war in Ukraine. Mr. Trump blamed Ukraine for instigating Russia’s invasion, called President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine a “dictator” and excluded Kyiv from early-stage peace negotiations.这次通话是习近平和普京在一个多月内的第二次通话，此前不到两周，特朗普与普京通了电话，在乌克兰战争问题上似乎站在了普京一边，从而颠覆了美国的对俄战略。特朗普指责乌克兰挑起了俄罗斯的入侵，称乌克兰总统泽连斯基是“独裁者”，并将基辅排除在初步和平谈判之外。习近平和普京去年10月在俄罗斯喀山举行的所谓金砖国家峰会上谈话。Mr. Trump’s decision to side so favorably with Mr. Putin on the war has fueled speculation that Washington was aiming to split Russia and China, a country that many senior Trump administration officials consider a far more serious threat to U.S. interests.特朗普在战争问题上如此偏向普京，令人们猜测华盛顿的目的是分裂俄罗斯和中国。特朗普政府的许多高级官员认为，中国对美国利益的威胁要严重得多。Some incoming officials in the Trump administration have suggested drawing down American troop levels in Europe, which serve as a bulwark against Russia, so Washington can focus its military efforts on defending against China.特朗普政府一些即将上任的官员建议减少美国在欧洲的驻军规模，这样华盛顿就可以把军事精力集中在防御中国上。美国驻欧部队是抵御俄罗斯的屏障。Trump’s special envoy to Ukraine, Keith Kellogg, told a panel earlier this month in Munich that the Trump administration was hoping to “force” Mr. Putin to fray his ties with North Korea, Iran and China.特朗普的乌克兰特使基思·凯洛格本月早些时候在慕尼黑的一个小组会议上表示，特朗普政府希望“迫使”普京破坏他与朝鲜、伊朗和中国的关系。Analysts, however, have expressed skepticism that China and Russia can be driven apart in what is being called a “reverse Nixon,” a reference to President Nixon’s rapprochement with Beijing in 1972 that was aimed at exploiting the worsening relations between China and the Soviet Union.然而，分析人士对中俄是否会因所谓的“反向尼克松”行动而分裂表示怀疑，这里的典故是指1972年尼克松总统利用中苏关系恶化，令美国与中国修好。Unlike 53 years ago, ties between China and Russia today are at a high, with few prospects for domestic political change in either country.与53年前不同的是，今天中俄关系正处于高位，两国国内政治变革的前景都很渺茫。“There’s strategic and geopolitical alignment for this relationship,” said Sergey Radchenko, a professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies who specializes in Chinese-Russian relations. “They don’t see eye to eye on everything, but I think they both realize they need each other.”“这种关系在战略和地缘政治上是一致的，”约翰·霍普金斯大学高级国际研究学院专门研究中俄关系的教授谢尔盖·拉德琴科说。“他们并不是在所有事情上都意见一致，但我认为他们都意识到彼此需要对方。”Mr. Radchenko said Beijing was probably feeling uncomfortable with Mr. Trump’s bid to court Mr. Putin, but that it was unlikely that Mr. Putin would see his interests better served by aligning more closely with the United States over China.拉德琴科说，北京可能对特朗普试图讨好普京感到不安，但普京不太可能认为与美国而非中国紧密结盟更符合他的利益。“The idea that Putin can be manipulated as some kind of weapon against China, I think that’s naïve on the part of the Trump administration,” he said.“认为普京可以被操纵，用来当作某种对付中国的武器，我认为特朗普政府的这种想法太天真了，”他说。How much China knew about Russia’s plans in the run-up to Mr. Putin’s invasion of Ukraine three years ago remains unclear.三年前，中国在普京入侵乌克兰之前对俄罗斯的计划究竟了解多少，至今尚不清楚。A Western intelligence report issued shortly after the invasion concluded that senior Chinese officials had told senior Russian officials in early February not to invade Ukraine before the end of the Winter Olympics in Beijing. But the intelligence did not necessarily indicate that direct conversations about an invasion had taken place between Mr. Putin and Mr. Xi.西方情报机构在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后不久发布的一份报告得出结论，中国高级官员曾在2月初告诉俄罗斯高级官员，不要在北京冬奥会结束前入侵乌克兰。但该情报并不一定表明普京和习近平之间就入侵问题进行了直接对话。China has denied any prior knowledge of the invasion, and Beijing didn’t evacuate its embassy or citizens from Ukraine in the days before the start of the war.中国否认事先知晓乌克兰入侵事件，在战争开始前的几天里，北京也没有从乌克兰撤离大使馆或公民。“Assertions that China knew about, acquiesced to or tacitly supported this war are purely disinformation,” Qin Gang, the Chinese ambassador to the United States at the time, wrote in a March 2022 article in The Washington Post.2022年3月，时任中国驻美国大使秦刚在《华盛顿邮报》上发表的文章中写道，“关于中国知道、默许或默认支持这场战争的说法纯属虚假信息。”Mr. Xi is set to visit Moscow in May to attend the commemorations of the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany in World War II, according to Russian state media. Mr. Putin has also invited Mr. Trump.据俄罗斯官方媒体报道，习近平将于5月访问莫斯科，参加苏联在第二次世界大战中战胜纳粹德国的纪念活动。普京也邀请了特朗普。The call on Monday between the Chinese and Russian leaders came as the Kremlin tries to keep its partner nations on its side, while pursuing a warming of relations with the United States, a country Mr. Putin has long derided as an irresponsible global superpower.中俄领导人于周一通话之际，克里姆林宫正试图保持伙伴国的支持，同时寻求与美国关系的缓和。普京长期以来一直嘲笑美国是一个不负责任的全球超级大国。“The president last week spoke about his desire to inform a series of government partners about the contacts with the Americans,” the Kremlin’s spokesman, Dmitri S. Peskov, said in a call with reporters on Monday. “In line with those intentions, that process started today.”“总统上周表示，他希望向一系列政府伙伴通报与美国人接触的情况，”克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫周一在与记者的通话中说。“根据这样的意图，该过程已在今天开始。”The Kremlin added in a statement that Mr. Putin had informed Mr. Xi during their call about “recent Russian-American contacts.” It also said China had “expressed support for the dialogue between Russia and the United States that has begun, as well as readiness to contribute to the search for a peaceful settlement of the Ukrainian conflict.”克里姆林宫还在一份声明中表示，普京在通话中向习近平通报了“俄美接触的最新情况”。声明还称，中国“表示支持俄罗斯和美国之间已经开始的对话，并愿意为寻求和平解决乌克兰冲突做出贡献”。Mr. Putin also spoke with the leader of Tajikistan on Monday, and the Russian foreign minister, Sergei V. Lavrov, met with President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey.周一，普京还与塔吉克斯坦领导人通话，俄罗斯外长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫会见了土耳其总统埃尔多安。In the comments published by Chinese state media, Mr. Xi said he was “pleased” that Russia had started negotiations with “other parties” to end the “Ukrainian crisis.”在中国官方媒体发表的文章中，习近平表示，他“乐见”俄罗斯开始与“有关各方”就结束“乌克兰危机”进行谈判。China has yet to describe Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as a “war.”中国从未将俄罗斯入侵乌克兰描述为一场“战争”。Amy Chang Chien对本文有研究贡献。David Pierson报道中国外交政策和中国与世界的经济与文化交互。他从事新闻工作已超过20年。点击查看更多关于他的信息。Paul Sonne是一名国际新闻记者，报道俄罗斯新闻和普京的国内和国际政策产生的一系列影响，主要关注乌克兰战争。点击查看更多关于他的信息。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。