Cachexia is one of the most severe forms of muscle wasting in humans. It affects up to 80% of cancer patients and is caused by cancer cytokines—pro-inflammatory signaling molecules—that are released by the tumor cells themselves. Depending on the type of cancer, cancer-induced cachexia (CIC) is responsible for 30% to 50% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide and is therefore also referred to as the "final disease." There is no curative treatment.