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Rev. 59, 119 (2026).Article Google Scholar Download referencesAcknowledgementsPRECISE consortium members are listed in alphabetical order.Author informationAuthor notesEvangelia PetsalakiPresent address: Oncology Data Science, GSK, Stevenage, UKThese authors contributed equally: Francesco Iorio, Mathew J. Garnett.Authors and AffiliationsHuman Technopole, Milan, ItalyFrancesco Iorio, Piero Carninci, Stefania Faletti, Nereo Kalebic, Ludovica Proietti, Nevenka Radic & Andrea SottorivaWellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UKMathew J. Garnett & Isidro Cortés-CirianoInstitute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, SwitzerlandPedro BeltraoInstitute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, GermanyMaximilian BillmannDublin City University, Dublin, IrelandLarissa BlessCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, AustriaChristoph BockMedical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Vienna, AustriaChristoph BockInstitute of Human Genetics and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, GermanyMichael BoutrosCentre for Evolution and Cancer, Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UKAlejandra BrunaCentre for Children and Young People’s Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UKAlejandra BrunaRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, JapanPiero CarninciDepartment of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandGiovanni CirielloEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory–European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UKIsidro Cortés-Ciriano & Evangelia PetsalakiIFOM ETS–The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, ItalyGiuseppina D’Alessandro & Giuseppe LeuzziUrology Research Laboratory, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandRoberta EspositoDepartment of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandRoberta EspositoInstituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, PortugalEmanuel GonçalvesINESC-ID, Lisboa, PortugalEmanuel GonçalvesThe Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UKSyed Haider, Christopher J. Lord & Stephen PettittInstitute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, GermanyManuel KaulichFrankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, GermanyManuel KaulichInstitute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, SpainNuria Lopez-BigasDepartment of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainNuria Lopez-BigasInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, SpainNuria Lopez-BigasInstitute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, GermanyRoland RadGerman Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyRoland RadConway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandColm J. RyanSchool of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandColm J. RyanInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, GermanyJonathan L. Schmid-BurgkRadcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UKSumana SharmaCancer Institute, University College London, London, UKChristopher TapeCandiolo Cancer Institute FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, ItalyLivio TrusolinoDepartment of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Torino, ItalyLivio TrusolinoCenter for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandJolanda van LeeuwenDepartment of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USAJolanda van LeeuwenCancer Research Horizons, Cambridge, UKDavid WalterThe Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsLodewyk WesselsThe Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the NetherlandsLodewyk WesselsAuthorsFrancesco IorioView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarMathew J. GarnettView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarPedro BeltraoView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarMaximilian BillmannView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarLarissa BlessView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarChristoph BockView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarMichael BoutrosView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarAlejandra BrunaView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarPiero CarninciView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarGiovanni CirielloView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarIsidro Cortés-CirianoView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarGiuseppina D’AlessandroView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarRoberta EspositoView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarStefania FalettiView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarEmanuel GonçalvesView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarSyed HaiderView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarNereo KalebicView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarManuel KaulichView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarGiuseppe LeuzziView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarNuria Lopez-BigasView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarChristopher J. LordView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarEvangelia PetsalakiView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarStephen PettittView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarLudovica ProiettiView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarRoland RadView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarNevenka RadicView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarColm J. RyanView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarJonathan L. Schmid-BurgkView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarSumana SharmaView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarAndrea SottorivaView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarChristopher TapeView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarLivio TrusolinoView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarJolanda van LeeuwenView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarDavid WalterView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarLodewyk WesselsView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarConsortiathe PRECISE consortiumPedro Beltrao, Maximilian Billmann, Christoph Bock, Michael Boutros, Alejandra Bruna, Piero Carninci, Giovanni Ciriello, Isidro Cortés-Ciriano, Giuseppina D’Alessandro, Roberta Esposito, Mathew J. Garnett, Emanuel Gonçalves, Syed Haider, Francesco Iorio, Nereo Kalebic, Manuel Kaulich, Giuseppe Leuzzi, Nuria Lopez-Bigas, Christopher J. Lord, Evangelia Petsalaki, Roland Rad, Colm J. Ryan, Jonathan L. Schmid-Burgk, Sumana Sharma, Andrea Sottoriva, Christopher Tape, Livio Trusolino, Jolanda van Leeuwen, David Walter & Lodewyk WesselsCorresponding authorsCorrespondence to Francesco Iorio or Mathew J. Garnett.Ethics declarationsCompeting interestsF.I. receives funding from OpenTargets and Nerviano Medical Sciences; is a scientific advisor for Drug ReKindle; and is a consultant for CoSyne Therapeutics. M.J.G. has received funding from Open Targets, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline and Astex Pharmaceuticals; holds equity and is a paid consultant for Mosaic Therapeutics; and is a paid advisor for Bristol Myers Squibb. C.B. is a cofounder and scientific advisor of Myllia Biotechnology and Neurolentech. M.K. is a co-founder, shareholder and chief officer of Vivlion. C.J.L. receives and/or has received research funding from AstraZeneca, Merck KGaA, Artios, Neophore and FoRx; received consultancy, scientific advisory board membership or honoraria payments from FoRx, Syncona, Sun Pharma, Gerson Lehrman Group, Merck, Vertex, AstraZeneca, Tango Therapeutics, 3rd Rock, Ono Pharma, Artios, Abingworth, Tesselate, Dark Blue Therapeutics, Pontifax, Astex, Neophore, Glaxo Smith Kline, Dawn Bioventures, Blacksmith Medicines, ForEx and Ariceum; has stock in Tango, Ovibio, Hysplex, Tesselate, Ariceum; is a named inventor on patents describing the use of DNA repair inhibitors and stands to gain from their development and use as part of the Institute of Cancer Research ‘Rewards to Inventors’ scheme; and reports benefits from this scheme associated with patents for PARP inhibitors paid into their personal account and research accounts at the Institute of Cancer Research. E.P. has received funding from Open Targets and AstraZeneca. J.L.S.-B. is a co-founder and shareholder of LAMPseq diagnostics and ions.bio. L.T. has received funds from Menarini, Merck, Merus, Pfizer, Servier and Symphogen. D.W. is an employee of Cancer Research Horizons. L.W. has received funds from Bristol Myers Squibb. The other authors declare no competing interests.Peer reviewPeer review informationNature Genetics thanks Jesse Boehm, Giovanni Tonon and the other, anonymous, reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.Rights and permissionsReprints and permissionsAbout this article