ERIC SCHMITT2026年7月8日伊朗与美国之间的谈判已暂停，直至德黑兰为最高领袖阿亚图拉阿里·哈梅内伊举行的为期数天的葬礼仪式结束后再恢复。哈梅内伊在战争首日身亡。 Arash Khamooshi/Polaris for The New York TimesThe United States carried out airstrikes against several targets in Iran on Tuesday, hours after revoking a waiver allowing the sale of Iranian oil around the world, in a dual response to what the Pentagon said were Iranian attacks on three commercial ships transiting the Strait of Hormuz.周二，美国对伊朗境内的数个目标实施了空袭，此前数小时，美国刚撤销了允许伊朗向全球出售石油的豁免令。此举是对五角大楼所称的伊朗袭击三艘穿越霍尔木兹海峡商船事件的双重回应。The military’s Central Command said on social media that U.S. forces “have begun launching a series of powerful strikes against Iran to impose heavy costs for targeting and attacking commercial shipping crewed by innocent civilians in an international waterway.”军方中央司令部在社交媒体上表示，美军“已开始对伊朗发动一系列强有力的打击，令其为在国际水道针对和攻击由无辜平民驾驶的商业船只付出沉重代价”。The attacks on the commercial ships, including a Saudi oil tanker and a Qatari liquefied natural gas carrier in waters off the coast of Oman, threatened to disrupt the resumption of energy supplies from the region and derail the preliminary accord between Washington and Tehran to reopen the strategic waterway.这些袭击发生在阿曼近海，遇袭船只包括一艘沙特油轮和一艘卡塔尔液化天然气运输船。此举威胁到了该地区能源供应恢复的进程，并有可能破坏华盛顿和德黑兰之间关于重新开放这条战略水道的初步协议。“Iran’s demonstrated aggression was unwarranted, dangerous, and a clear violation of the cease-fire,” Central Command said in a statement on social media.“伊朗所表现出的侵略行为毫无道理、极其危险，并且公然违反了停火协议，”中央司令部在社交媒体上发表的声明中说。Tehran has not claimed responsibility for the ship attacks, and there was no immediate public comment from the authorities in Iran, where a dayslong program of funeral ceremonies is underway for Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the supreme leader who was killed on the first day of the war. Negotiations between Iran and the United States have been paused until after the funeral.德黑兰尚未宣布对船只袭击事件负责，伊朗当局也没有立即发表公开评论。该国目前正为最高领袖阿亚图拉阿里·哈梅内伊举行长达数日的葬礼，他在战争爆发的第一天丧生。伊朗和美国之间的谈判已经暂停，直到葬礼结束后才会恢复。Although the United States and Iran have agreed to restore access to the strait — with President Trump declaring the waterway open to unrestricted navigation — the preliminary accord does not stipulate exactly how that should happen, and assigns to Iran the task of allowing the long-blocked traffic to get through. Iran has insisted that commercial ships sail near its shore, in a channel under Iran’s control, but many vessels are using American help to take a route near the Omani coast.尽管美国和伊朗已同意恢复该海峡的通行——特朗普总统宣布该水道对所有船只开放，允许无限制航行——但这项初步协议并未明确规定具体实施方式，而是将允许长期受阻的交通恢复这一任务交给了伊朗。伊朗坚持要求商船沿伊朗近海航行，通过伊朗控制的航道，但许多船只正借助美国的帮助，选择靠近阿曼海岸的航线。Without the waiver, which was issued by the U.S. Treasury, Iran can no longer sell its oil on the open market for dollars — at least not openly. The exemption was supposed to last for 60 days, the length of the cease-fire that Mr. Trump has celebrated, prematurely, as a peace agreement.如果没有由美国财政部颁发的豁免令，伊朗将不再能够在公开市场上以美元出售石油——至少不能公开进行。该豁免期本应持续60天，这正是曾被特朗普过早吹捧为和平协议的停火所规定的期限。The United States long relied heavily on sanctions in an effort to limit Iran’s nuclear development. The waiver was part of a strategy to boost the accord’s chances of success by giving Iran a taste of the riches it could bring in from resumed oil sales around the globe. The theory was that those inside Iran seeking a peace deal would gain leverage over the military leadership that has opposed any agreement that might limit the country’s nuclear options.美国长期以来一直严重依赖制裁，试图限制伊朗的核发展。该豁免是整体战略的一部分，旨在通过让伊朗尝到恢复全球石油销售所能带来的丰厚收益，从而提高该协议成功的几率。其理论依据是，伊朗国内寻求达成和平协议的人士将因此获得对军方领导层的谈判筹码，而军方领导层一直反对任何可能限制该国核选择的协议。Earlier on Tuesday, after the ships were attacked but before the American response, Mr. Trump seemed to downplay the conflict with Iran as he met with NATO leaders in Ankara, Turkey.周二早些时候，在船只遭袭之后和美方回应之前，特朗普在土耳其安卡拉会见北约领导人时似乎淡化了与伊朗的冲突。“The war with Iran — or whatever you call it, it’s not even a war,” Mr. Trump said. “It’s a military operation. It’s a denuclearization, that’s really what it is.”“和伊朗的战争——或者不管你怎么称呼它，它甚至算不上一场战争，”特朗普说。“这是一次军事行动。这是一次无核化行动，这才是它的本质。”Iranian state media reported early Wednesday that sounds of explosions were heard in Bandar Abbas, Qeshm and Sirik, all in Hormozgan Province along Iran’s southern coast near the Strait of Hormuz. The province is central to Iran’s military and commercial presence around the strait, a key global shipping route.伊朗官方媒体周三早间报道，在阿巴斯港、格什姆和锡里克都听到了爆炸声，这些地方均位于伊朗南部海岸靠近霍尔木兹海峡的霍尔木兹甘省。该省是伊朗在海峡周边维持军事和商业存在的重要中心，而该海峡是一条关键的全球航运路线。Iran’s state broadcaster said the locations hit appeared to be the same ones targeted in earlier attacks during the conflict. The Hormozgan governor’s office said there had been no reports of civilian injuries so far.伊朗国家广播公司表示，遭袭地点似乎与此前冲突中被袭击的目标地点相同。霍尔木兹甘省省长办公室表示，到目前为止尚未收到平民伤亡的报告。The attacks on the three ships and the American military response on Tuesday threatened to tilt the region back into a spasm of violence that last surged nearly two weeks ago. The back-and-forth also lay bare the challenges to restoring prewar levels of traffic through the strait, a crucial conduit for oil and gas shipping.周二针对三艘船只的袭击以及美国军方的回应可能使该地区再度陷入近两周前才平息的暴力冲突。这种反反复复的交锋也凸显出，要令作为石油和天然气运输关键通道的霍尔木兹海峡恢复到战前的航运水平，仍面临诸多挑战。The U.S. military conducted strikes on Iran on June 26 in retaliation for an Iranian attack in the Strait of Hormuz a day earlier, hours after Mr. Trump called the Iranian action a “foolish violation” of the fragile cease-fire between the two countries.美军于6月26日对伊朗进行了打击，以报复前一天伊朗在霍尔木兹海峡的袭击。几小时前，特朗普称伊朗的行动是对两国脆弱停火协议的“愚蠢破坏”。U.S. Central Command said in a statement at that time that it had struck Iranian missile and drone storage locations and coastal radar sites as a “powerful response” to the Iranian attack. The American strikes concluded after about 90 minutes, and included attacks by American fighter jets against four Iranian sites along the Strait of Hormuz and on Qeshm Island, a U.S. official said.美国中央司令部当时在声明中表示，作为对伊朗袭击的“强有力回应”，美方打击了伊朗的导弹和无人机存储地点以及沿海雷达站。一名美国官员称，美军的打击在约90分钟后结束，其中包括美国战斗机对沿霍尔木兹海峡和格什姆岛的四个伊朗目标发动的袭击。Mr. Trump said earlier in a post on social media that Iran had launched at least four one-way-attack drones on June 25, one of which hit the upper deck of a “of a large and very expensive Cargo Carrying Ship,” adding that the United States had knocked down three other drones. He added that the ship, though damaged, was able to continue on its way.特朗普此前在社交媒体上发帖称，伊朗在6月25日发射了至少四架单向攻击无人机，其中一架击中了一艘“巨大且极其昂贵的货船”的上层甲板，并说美国击落了另外三架无人机。他还补充说，该船只虽然受损，但仍能继续航行。Iran’s strike on the vessel, the Ever Lovely, a container ship that was passing near the Omani side of the strait, appeared to be the first known Iranian attack on a commercial vessel since the signing of a preliminary peace agreement between Tehran and Washington.伊朗对正从海峡阿曼一侧附近经过的集装箱船Ever Lovely号的打击似乎是自美伊签署初步和平协议以来已知的伊朗首次针对商船的袭击。David E. Sanger、Tyler Pager和Shirin Hakim对本文有报道贡献。Eric Schmitt是《纽约时报》国家安全记者，主要关注美军事务以及海外反恐议题，他报道此类新闻已超过30年。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site