WASHINGTON: The United States voiced alarm on Monday (Jul 6) over Beijing's nuclear programme after China test-fired a dummy warhead into the Pacific Ocean, the latest move in its rapid military modernisation.Monday's test came two years after China fired an intercontinental ballistic missile into the waters near French Polynesia, in what had been the first launch of such a missile over international waters in more than 40 years.Analysts said that the test demonstrated growing Chinese capacity to strike the mainland of the US, which sees the Asian power as its top adversary despite a reconciliation drive under President Donald Trump."At a time when the US is working harder than ever to prevent nuclear proliferation, China is doing the opposite," State Department spokesman Tommy Pigott said.Show MoreShow Less"Beijing's rapid and opaque nuclear weapons buildup is of great concern to the region and the world," he said in a statement.The US in February allowed the expiration of New START, the last major arms control pact with Russia, as it insisted on a new agreement that also includes China.The overtures have been rebuffed by China, whose nuclear arsenal is much smaller than Russia's but has been rapidly growing.CNA Explains: Why China mattered in the expiry of the last US–Russia nuclear treatyCommentary: What Asia risks now that the last nuclear guardrails are goneThe State Department urged China to "engage in meaningful arms control discussions and commit to a regularised notification arrangement for all intercontinental-range ballistic missile and space launches".New Zealand said that the test took place two hours after China informed Pacific nations of the missile launch, but it was unclear if China gave notice to the US.Chinese navy spokesperson Wang Xuemeng said in a statement shared on WeChat that the test launch was "a routine arrangement of China's annual military training", and that "relevant countries were informed in advance".POWER STRUGGLE IN PACIFICMonitors said that the rocket fired from a nuclear submarine appeared to land near the Solomon Islands, the South Pacific nation that forged a secretive security deal with China in 2022, which a new government is reviewing.The Philippines, which has clashed repeatedly with China over territory in the disputed South China Sea, slammed the test as a "reckless display of military power"."This launch serves no peaceful purpose and is a calculated act of taunting and provocation against those who reject China's illegal expansionism and coercive conduct," the country's defence department said in a statement.China to hike defence budget by 7% amid rising global security tensionsWhy Alibaba, Baidu and BYD are on Pentagon’s list of 'Chinese military companies'Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong said that the Chinese test was "destabilising to the region".Japan, which said it was informed in advance of the launch, said it had strongly urged China to reconsider and voiced "serious concerns" over Beijing's growing military activity.Russia, a Chinese ally, defended Beijing's test-firing as its "sovereign right" and said that China "is not threatening anyone in the world".Lyle Morris, a senior fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute, said that the missile demonstrated that China had growing options beyond firing from land."A test of this length is a major development and would indicate that China is moving toward a significantly more survivable and longer-range sea-based nuclear deterrent capability," he said.It shows that China's navy "is capable of targeting the continental US from bastions close to Chinese waters".The show of Chinese military might came the same day that Australia and Fiji signed a major defence treaty, part of US ally Canberra's efforts to regain the advantage against China following the controversial Solomon Islands treaty.Analysts, however, doubted a direct connection, saying that such tests are likely planned well in advance.Why undersea cables have become the next strategic prize in US-China rivalrySign up for our newslettersGet our pick of top stories and thought-provoking articles in your inboxSubscribe hereGet the CNA appStay updated with notifications for breaking news and our best storiesDownload hereGet WhatsApp alertsJoin our channel for the top reads for the day on your preferred chat appJoin here