JIM TANKERSLEY, CHRISTOPHER F. SCHUETZE, ASHLEY SOUTHALL2026年9月7日极右翼政党德国选择党的领衔候选人乌尔里希·齐格蒙德周日与萨克森-安哈尔特州的同事们在一起。 Ronny Hartmann/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesThe Alternative for Germany party dominated a crucial state election on Sunday, according to near-final results, but fell short of the absolute majority needed to become the first far-right party to govern part of the country since the Nazi era.根据接近最终的结果，德国选择党在周日一场关键的州选举中占据主导地位，但未能拿下所需的绝对多数，因而不能成为自纳粹时代以来首个在德国部分地区执政的极右翼政党。If those results hold, the AfD, as the party is known by its German initials, could still assume power in the eastern state of Saxony-Anhalt in the coming weeks, depending on the negotiations among rival parties that have vowed not to support an AfD government.如果这些结果保持到最后，该党（德语缩写为AfD）仍可能在未来几周内在东部州萨克森-安哈尔特掌权，但这取决于各竞争政党之间的谈判——其他政党已誓言不会支持由德国选择党领导的政府。Saxony-Anhalt is a relatively small state, and the heart of the AfD’s power base in eastern Germany. But the election result sent shock waves through the country’s political system, which was designed after World War II to prevent extremist parties from ever returning to power.萨克森-安哈尔特是一个相对较小的州，也是德国选择党在德国东部的权力核心地带。但此次选举结果在德国政治体系中引发了震动，该体系在二战后设计，旨在防止极端主义政党重新掌权。“The AfD’s electoral victory in Saxony-Anhalt is less a reflection of the appeal of its political agenda than a stark demonstration of the political establishment’s failure to articulate a convincing vision for the state’s economic, political and social future,” said Jana Puglierin, the head of the Berlin branch of the European Council on Foreign Relations.“德国选择党在萨克森-安哈尔特的选举胜利与其说反映了其政治议程的吸引力，不如说更鲜明地揭示了政治建制派未能就该州的经济、政治和社会未来提出令人信服的愿景，”欧洲对外关系委员会柏林办事处负责人雅娜·普格列林说。The political establishment has treated the AfD as a pariah. Still, the party tapped into voter frustration on a wide range of economic and social issues to win about 44 percent of the vote in the state, and was set to claim 39 of the 83 seats in the Parliament.政治建制派一直将德国选择党视为异类。尽管如此，该党利用选民在广泛的经济和社会问题上的不满情绪在该州赢得了约44%的选票，并有望在议会83个席位中获得39席。“We’ve made history, and we’re taking our country back,” Ulrich Siegmund, the party’s candidate to lead the state, told a cheering crowd on Sunday. “It all starts here in Saxony-Anhalt.”“我们创造了历史，我们正在夺回我们的国家，”该党州长候选人乌尔里希·西格蒙德周日对欢呼的人群说。“一切都从萨克森-安哈尔特这里开始。”Exit polls suggested that many of the AfD’s gains came at the expense of the center-right Christian Democrats, the party of Chancellor Friedrich Merz that also led the incumbent government in the state. Amid record turnout, the AfD won the support of many Germans who were casting ballots for the first time.出口民调显示，德国选择党许多得票增长来自中右翼基督教民主联盟（基民盟）的票数减少——基民盟是总理弗里德里希·默茨所属的政党，同时也领导着该州的现任政府。在创纪录的投票率之下，德国选择党赢得了许多首次投票的德国人的支持。Germany’s domestic intelligence agency has designated the AfD as a “suspected extremist” group and its Saxony-Anhalt branch as “extremist.” Some of the party’s leaders have played down the Holocaust and adopted Nazi slogans. Others have strong ties to Russia. The AfD has also said that Islam is incompatible with the German Constitution and has vowed to conduct mass deportations of immigrants.德国国内情报机构已将德国选择党列为“疑似极端主义”组织，并将其萨克森-安哈尔特分支列为“极端主义”组织。该党一些领导人曾淡化大屠杀的严重性，并采用纳粹口号。还有一些领导人与俄罗斯关系密切。德国选择党还表示伊斯兰教与德国宪法不相容，并誓言大规模驱逐移民。The AfD has rejected accusations of extremism as politically motivated. And voters ignored those accusations because, many told pollsters on Sunday, they saw the AfD as providing better answers to economic, security and immigration concerns than the political mainstream.德国选择党否认极端主义指控，称这些指控带有政治动机。选民们对这些指控置之不理，许多人在周日接受民调时表示，他们认为比起比政治主流阵营，德国选择党在经济、安全和移民问题上提供了更好的答案。Thomas Schröder, 63, cycled to his polling station in central Magdeburg to vote for Mr. Siegmund and the AfD. “He gives me hope, so he gets my vote,” Mr. Schröder, a heating technician, said of Mr. Siegmund. He added that he’d lost trust in other parties. “I experimented with almost all of them, and what did it get me?” he said.63岁的托马斯·施罗德骑车来到位于马格德堡市中心的投票站，投票支持西格蒙德和德国选择党。“他给了我希望，所以他得到了我的选票，”身为供暖技术员的施罗德在谈到西格蒙德时说。他还说，他已经对其他政党失去了信任。“我几乎试过所有政党，结果得到了什么？”他说。The result buoyed AfD fans across the country and around the world. President Trump posted an image of an exit poll showing the AfD lead to his social media platform, Truth Social.这一结果鼓舞了德国各地乃至全世界的德国选择党支持者。特朗普总统在自己的社交媒体平台Truth Social平台上发布了一张显示德国选择党领先的出口民调图片。Elias Beck, 70, of Bavaria, hunkered over his phone outside the main train station in Magdeburg, the state’s capital, studying a chart that showed the AfD close to securing an absolute majority in early results. He said he hoped the party would prevail because the German government had failed to address serious problems at home like illegal migration, while spending hundreds of millions of dollars abroad.来自巴伐利亚的70岁老人埃利亚斯·贝克在州首府马格德堡中央火车站外俯身看手机，研究一张显示德国选择党在早期结果中接近获得绝对多数的图表。他说，他希望该党获胜，因为德国政府未能解决国内诸如非法移民等严重问题，却在国外花费了数亿美元。“You have all the problems in Germany, but all of the money is going to Ukraine,” he said.“德国有各种问题，但所有的钱都去了乌克兰，”他说。Some rival parties appeared to have galvanized supporters against the AfD, an effort that some leaders in Berlin vowed was just the start of a backlash against a potential AfD government.一些竞争党派似乎已经动员支持者反对德国选择党，柏林的一些领导人誓言，这只是针对德国选择党可能组阁所引发的反扑的开始。Lars Klingbeil, the country’s vice chancellor and a center-left Social Democrat, said on television that the election was “a turning point,” adding that there were many people “across Germany, who are afraid and worried about this election result for the AfD.”德国副总理、中左翼社民党人拉尔斯·克林拜尔在电视上表示，这次选举是“一个转折点”，并补充说，“全德国有很多人对德国选择党的这一选举结果感到恐惧和担忧。”One of the worried was Muhammad Hassan, 27, a native of Pakistan, who said on Sunday night in Magdeburg that he has done all he can to assimilate in Germany since he arrived in 2023.担忧者之一是27岁的巴基斯坦人穆罕默德·哈桑。他周日晚在马格德堡说，自2023年抵达德国以来，他已尽一切努力融入德国。Mr. Hassan said he had learned German, obtained a driver’s license, finished a master’s in water engineering and secured a job as a technical draftsman drawing underground infrastructure like sewage and electrical lines. But he worried an AfD government would take it away, a year before he is eligible for permanent residency.哈桑说，他学会了德语，考取了驾照，完成了水利工程硕士学位，并找到了一份技术绘图员的工作，绘制污水和电力线路等地下基础设施。但他担心德国选择党政府会剥夺这一切，而距离他有资格获得永久居留权只剩一年了。“When I see today’s situation,” he said, referring to the election, “it has totally disappointed me because what I have dreamed, I cannot see right now.”“当我看到今天的情况时，”他在谈到选举时说，“我彻底失望了，因为我曾经梦想的一切，现在看不到了。”Rival parties could still prevent the AfD from assuming power in Saxony-Anhalt. The Christian Democrats, who finished a distant second, could end up leading the state if they can build a coalition with four others: the center-left Social Democrats and Greens, the far-left Die Linke, and the populist Sahra Wagenknecht alliance, known by its German initials BSW.竞争党派仍有可能阻止德国选择党在萨克森-安哈尔特掌权。以较大差距位居第二的基民盟如果能够与其他四个政党联盟——包括中左翼的社民党和绿党、极左的左翼党，以及民粹主义的莎拉·瓦根克内希特联盟(以德文首字母BSW闻名)——最终可能领导该州。But some Christian Democrat leaders in the state have said they would not work with Die Linke, calling it extremist. BSW leaders have also said they would not support the current state leader, Sven Schulze of the Christian Democrats, or the AfD. They have pushed for a nonpartisan state leader, an idea Mr. Siegmund rejected late on Sunday. Mr. Siegmund also seemed to invite some members of the Christian Democrats to defect and supply the votes for an AfD government.但该州一些基民盟领导人表示，他们不会与左翼党合作，称该党为极端主义。BSW领导人也表示，他们不会支持现任州长、基民盟的斯文·舒尔策，也不会支持德国选择党。他们一直力主由无党派人士担任州长，而西格蒙德在周日晚拒绝了这一想法。西格蒙德似乎还邀请基民盟的一些成员倒戈，为德国选择党政府提供选票。The coming coalition wrangling could take days or weeks. Analysts said it was likely to leave the state’s next leader in fragile condition, no matter which party is in power.接下来的联盟组阁博弈可能会持续数天或数周。分析人士表示，无论哪个政党掌权，该州下任领导人都可能处于脆弱境地。Sunday’s result, said Sudha David-Wilp, the vice president of external relations at the German Marshall Fund, a think tank, “stands as a harbinger for the inability for mainstream parties to form stable coalitions.”智库德国马歇尔基金会对外关系副总裁苏达·戴维-威尔普说，周日的结果“预示着主流政党无法组建稳定执政联盟。”Tatiana Firsova contributed reporting from Berlin.Jim Tankersley是《纽约时报》柏林分社社长，领导时报对德国、奥地利和瑞士的报道。Christopher F. Schuetze是《纽约时报》记者，常驻柏林，报道德国、奥地利和瑞士的政治、社会和文化议题。Ashley Southall撰写关于纽约大麻合法化的文章。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。