SHANE GOLDMACHER, PATRICIA MAZZEI2026年11月5日周二在奥斯汀举行的詹姆斯·塔拉里科的开票派对。他赢得了得克萨斯州参议员席位，民主党在这场选举中取得压倒性胜利。 Haiyun Jiang/The New York TimesDemocrats marched to a landslide victory in the midterm elections on Tuesday as voters across the country raged at President Trump’s party, dealing Republicans stunning defeats from the Deep South to the prairie lands.民主党在周二的中期选举中取得压倒性胜利，全国选民对特朗普总统政党的愤怒情绪高涨，从深南部到草原地带，共和党人遭遇了令人震惊的惨败。For the first time in decades, Democrats won statewide in Texas, taking not just a Senate seat but also the governor’s mansion. They won a Senate seat in Kansas, which had not happened in nearly 100 years. They flipped a Senate seat in South Carolina, a state that had barely been on the battleground map. And they seized House seats in such deep-red territory that Democrats are on a glide path to their biggest congressional majority in years.民主党数十年来首次在得克萨斯州赢得了全州范围的选举，不仅拿下了一个参议院席位，还拿下了州长职位。他们在堪萨斯州赢得了一个参议院席位，这在近100年来未曾发生过。他们在南卡罗来纳州翻转了一个参议院席位，这个州原本几乎不在战场版图上。而且他们在深红地区夺取了众议院席位，使得民主党正沿着平稳的路径迈向他们多年来最大的国会多数优势。Economic anxieties at home and a war abroad proved to be a politically toxic combination for Mr. Trump and his party. Democrats were on track to win the national House popular vote by the largest margin in a half-century.事实证明，对特朗普及其政党而言，国内的经济焦虑与国外的战争是一个在政治上具有毒性的组合。民主党有望取得半个世纪以来最大的众议院全国总票数优势。The results amounted to an unambiguous mandate from the public for a check on a president who has pushed the limits of his power, and they imperiled whatever was left of a legislative agenda for Mr. Trump. Now he and his administration will face investigations that are expected to consume much of the next Congress.选举结果意味着，公众明确授权对一位挑战自身权力极限的总统进行制衡，这也危及了特朗普仅存的一些立法议程。现在，他和他的政府将面临预计会消耗下一届国会大部分精力的各项调查。Here are eight takeaways from a brutal night for Republicans:以下是共和党惨败之夜的八个要点：Democrats stormed to power in the Senate.民主党一举夺取参议院控制权。A pediatrician in South Carolina. A minister in Kansas. A seminarian in Texas. A Paralympic gold medalist in Iowa. A logger in Maine.一名南卡罗来纳州儿科医生。一名堪萨斯州牧师。一名得克萨斯州神学生。一名艾奥瓦州残奥会金牌得主。一名缅因州伐木工。Democrats had flipped half a dozen Senate seats by the time the clock struck midnight, taking control of the chamber in a sweep that seemed unthinkable just a year ago.午夜钟声敲响时，民主党已翻转六个参议院席位，以一年前似乎不可想象的席卷之势夺取了控制权。州众议员乔什·图雷克在艾奥瓦州为民主党赢得了又一场关键的参议院席位争夺战。Entering Tuesday, Democrats did not hold a single Senate seat in a state that Mr. Trump had won all three times he ran for president. By Wednesday, they had senators-elect in six of them — including five that the president won by double digits in 2024. Democrats will enter 2027 with at least 54 seats.在周二之前，民主党在特朗普三次竞选总统均获胜的州中未占有任何一个参议院席位。而到了周三，他们在这其中六个州拥有了当选参议员——包括总统在2024年以两位数优势赢得的五个州。民主党将以至少54个席位进入2027年。The rout meant that for the rest of Mr. Trump’s second term, none of his nominees — whether for the Supreme Court or top administration posts — will be confirmed without Democratic consent. And because senators serve for six years, the Democratic victories promise to remake the chamber’s complexion into the next presidency.这场溃败意味着在特朗普第二任期的剩余时间里，他的任何提名人——无论是最高法院还是政府高层职位——都无法在未获民主党同意的情况下得到确认。由于参议员任期为六年，民主党的胜利势必将重塑该院的格局，并一直延续到下一届总统任期。The Democrats who flipped seats included Dr. Annie Andrews in South Carolina, the Rev. Adam Hamilton in Kansas, James Talarico in Texas, Josh Turek in Iowa and Troy Jackson in Maine.翻转席位的民主党人包括南卡罗来纳州的安妮·安德鲁斯医生，堪萨斯州的亚当·汉密尔顿牧师，得克萨斯州的詹姆斯·塔拉里科，艾奥瓦州的乔什·图雷克以及缅因州的特洛伊·杰克逊。In North Carolina, Roy Cooper, a former governor, became the first Democrat to win a Senate race in the state since 2008. In Ohio, former Senator Sherrod Brown completed a comeback two years after being voted out.在北卡罗来纳州，前州长罗伊·库珀成为自2008年以来首位在该州赢得参议院选举的民主党人。在俄亥俄州，前参议员谢罗德·布朗在被选民淘汰两年后成功复出。The breadth of the Democratic victories suggested that the dire political climate for Republicans did more to power the opposition party’s successes than anything else.民主党胜利的广度表明，共和党面临的严峻政治气候比其他任何因素都更能推动反对党的成功。前州长罗伊·库珀成为自2008年以来首位在北卡罗来纳州参议院选举中获胜的民主党人。Democrats are amassing a big House majority.民主党正在积聚巨大的众议院多数席位优势。Democrats flipped House seats in rural North Carolina and central Kentucky, in the suburbs of St. Louis and Omaha, and all along the Texas border. They seized three seats in Iowa and four in Pennsylvania. They rebuffed redrawn lines in Florida.民主党翻转了北卡罗来纳州农村地区、肯塔基州中部、圣路易斯和奥马哈郊区，以及沿得克萨斯州边境各地的众议院席位。他们在艾奥瓦州夺取了三个席位，在宾夕法尼亚州夺取了四个。他们还挫败了佛罗里达州重新划分选区的图谋。It was a romp.这是一场轻而易举的胜利。Democrats made inroads deep into Republican territory, prevailing in a Kentucky district, for instance, that Mr. Trump carried by 15 percentage points in 2024. But they also ousted some of the sturdiest Republican survivors, like Representative Brian Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania, who had been the lone House Republican to win election three times in a district that Mr. Trump lost three times.民主党深入共和党腹地取得了进展，例如在肯塔基州的一个选区获胜，而特朗普在2024年曾以15个百分点的优势赢下该选区。同时，他们还击败了一些最稳固的共和党幸存者，例如宾夕法尼亚州的众议员布莱恩·菲茨帕特里克，他曾是在特朗普输过三次的选区中唯一连续三次赢得选举的众议院共和党人。Now Democrats are on track for a sizable House majority, with Representative Hakeem Jeffries of New York poised to become the first Black speaker in American history.现在，民主党即将取得可观的众议院多数席位，纽约州众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯有望成为美国历史上首位黑人议长。Mr. Jeffries rushed to the rooftop of the Democratic Party headquarters in Washington on Tuesday night to film a video declaring that Republicans were “shook.”周二晚上，杰弗里斯冲上华盛顿民主党总部的屋顶，录制了一段视频，宣称共和党人“不知所措”。The final size of the Democratic majority was still to be decided. But as of early Wednesday, Republicans had yet to win any of the most competitive races.民主党最终能取得多大的多数优势尚未确定。但截至周三早些时候，共和党在争夺最激烈的选战中悉数落败。War, prices and an unpopular president cost the G.O.P.战争、物价和不受欢迎的总统让共和党付出了代价。“Pretend I am on the ballot,” the president said. His problem was that voters listened.“就当我在选票上，”总统曾说。他的问题在于选民真的听进去了。Before he lost the election, Mr. Trump lost the public’s trust on the issue that got him elected in the first place: the economy. And as the war in Iran dragged on, he struggled to defend a conflict that caused gas prices to rise, his MAGA coalition to fracture and Democrats to unite.在输掉选举之前，特朗普在经济这个最初让他当选的议题上失去了公众的信任。随着伊朗战争的拖延，他难以为这场导致汽油价格上涨、他的MAGA联盟破裂以及民主党人团结的冲突找到合理依据。The president aggressively campaigned in the final month, jumping from one red state to another in hopes of reviving the energy of his flagging base. But the results showed the extent of the rebuke for Republicans.总统在最后一个月积极竞选，穿梭于各个红州之间，希望能重新激发其疲软基本盘的活力。但结果凸显了共和党人面临的选民反击程度。In 2018 in Mr. Trump’s first midterm election, Republicans lost the House as suburban women revolted against his leadership. This time, the rejection seemed to come from virtually every corner of his coalition, including white working-class voters in places like Iowa, Ohio and Pennsylvania.在2018年特朗普的第一次中期选举中，郊区女性反抗他的领导，导致共和党失去众议院。这一次，排斥态度似乎来自他的联盟的几乎每一个角落，包括艾奥瓦州、俄亥俄州和宾夕法尼亚州等地的白人工薪阶层选民。在竞选活动的最后阶段，特朗普总统在红州为共和党人进行了密集的竞选活动。Mr. Trump, unsurprisingly, was defiant, distancing himself from his own defeat.特朗普毫不意外地拒绝低头，试图与自身的失败撇清关系。He began Tuesday morning by calling into Fox News to downplay the war in Iran. “When you talk about war, this isn’t really war,” he said.周二早上，他致电福克斯新闻以淡化伊朗战争的影响。“当你们谈论战争时，这并不真的是战争，”他说。He ended election night back on the phone with his favorite network that he sometimes loves to hate, speaking with the Fox News anchor Bret Baier.选举之夜结束时，他再次与这家他有时爱恨交加的最青睐的电视网通话，与福克斯新闻主播布雷特·拜尔交谈。“It’s just a point in time, Bret. Just a point in time. It’s the way it is,” Mr. Trump mused. “There was a mood in the air, I guess.”“这只是一个时间点，布雷特。只是一个时间点。事情就是这样，”特朗普若有所思地说。“我猜，当时空气中弥漫着某种情绪。”Democrats scored seismic victories in Texas.民主党在得克萨斯州取得具有划时代意义的胜利。Democrats had dreamed for a generation of winning in Texas, one of the nation’s largest states, but they repeatedly fell short.一代人以来，民主党一直梦想着在全美最大州之一的得克萨斯州获胜，但屡屡受挫。On Tuesday, they stormed to victory in the marquee statewide races. Mr. Talarico toppled Ken Paxton in the Senate contest, and Gina Hinojosa, a huge underdog, ousted Gov. Greg Abbott, a three-term incumbent.周二，他们在关键的全州范围选举中大获全胜。塔拉里科在参议院竞选中击败了肯·帕克斯顿，而原本极不被看好的吉娜·伊诺霍萨则击败了连任三届的现任州长格雷格·阿博特。Either outcome would have been momentous on its own. Both at once? That was more than Democrats could have hoped for not long ago.无论哪一种结果，单就其本身而言都已意义重大。而两者同时实现？这超出了民主党人不久前的最高期望。At 37, Mr. Talarico is now one of the Democratic Party’s biggest stars. He overcame Mr. Trump’s attempt to cast him as outside the mainstream — “Talafreako” was the president’s derisive nickname — as well as the more than $200 million that Elon Musk spent trying to keep the state red.37岁的塔拉里科现在是民主党最耀眼的明星之一。他成功抵御了特朗普试图将他描绘成非主流人物的努力——总统用“塔拉怪胎” 这个蔑称来嘲讽他——也抵挡住了埃隆·马斯克为维持该州红州地位而投入的超过2亿美元资金。吉娜·希诺霍萨在得克萨斯州州长竞选中为民主党创造了一场令人瞩目的爆冷胜利。塔拉里科顶住了共和党铺天盖地的竞选开支和攻击性广告的攻势，最终赢得了得克萨斯州参议员席位的竞选。“We just took back Texas,” Mr. Talarico told supporters in Austin.“我们刚刚夺回了得州，”塔拉里科在奥斯汀向支持者表示。At least some Hispanic voters in South Texas, a region that had swung toward Mr. Trump in 2024, swung back. Democrats claimed all four districts in Texas that border Mexico, which have some of the densest Latino populations anywhere in America.在2024年曾倒向特朗普的南得克萨斯州，至少有部分拉美裔选民重新转回了民主党阵营。民主党拿下了得克萨斯州与墨西哥接壤的全部四个选区，这些选区的拉美裔人口密度位居全美前列。“The nation will look at Texas and say we want something far more important than an election,” Ms. Hinojosa said in her victory speech. “They will look at Texas and say that faith in government has been restored.”“全国都会关注得克萨斯州，并说我们想要的远不止是一场选举，”伊诺霍萨在胜选演讲中说。“他们会关注得克萨斯州，并说对政府的信心已经恢复了。”Republicans’ redistricting gambit sputtered.共和党的选区重划策略遇挫。In the summer of 2025, the White House pushed Republican state legislators to redraw their congressional lines to bolster the party’s chances of holding a majority.2025年夏天，白宫推动共和党州议员重新划分国会选区界线，以增加该党保住多数席位的机会。The effort started in Texas and spread to North Carolina, Ohio and Florida. A Supreme Court ruling that dealt a new blow to the Voting Rights Act expanded the efforts to Alabama, Tennessee and Louisiana.这项行动始于得克萨斯州，随后蔓延至北卡罗来纳州、俄亥俄州和佛罗里达州。最高法院的一项裁决对《投票权法案》造成了新的打击，使这一行动进一步扩展至阿拉巴马州、田纳西州和路易斯安那州。But the surge of Democratic voters on Tuesday overwhelmed some of the bespoke new G.O.P. seats.但周二民主党选民的激增冲垮了部分为共和党量身定制的新席位。The first Democratic House flip of the night came in North Carolina, a state that Republicans had remapped. Jamie Ager, a Democratic farmer, won a western North Carolina district that Mr. Trump had carried by 10 points. And the chairman of the House Republican campaign arm, Representative Richard Hudson of North Carolina, was in danger of losing his seat.当晚，众议院首个被民主党翻转的席位出现在北卡罗来纳州，这是共和党重新划分过选区的州。民主党籍农民杰米·阿格赢得了北卡罗来纳州西部的一个选区，而此前特朗普曾以10个百分点的优势赢下该选区。此外，众议院共和党竞选团队主席、北卡罗来纳州众议员理查德·哈德森面临失去席位的危险。In Florida, Representatives Kathy Castor and Jared Moskowitz survived despite a new map that put them into more Republican territory.在佛罗里达州，尽管新的选区划分将凯西·卡斯托和贾里德·莫斯科维茨两位众议员置于更倾向共和党的选区，但他们仍成功保住了席位。In an interview, Mr. Jeffries praised House Democrats who ran in new, tougher terrain.在接受采访时，杰弗里斯赞扬了在更艰难的全新选区环境中竞选的众议院民主党人。“So many of our colleagues made the patriotic and courageous decision to stay and fight,” Mr. Jeffries said, adding, “They didn’t run away from the fire. They ran toward the fire and helped put it out.”“我们有那么多同事做出了爱国和勇敢的决定，留下来战斗，”杰弗里斯说，他还说，“他们没有逃避火场。他们迎着大火冲去，并帮助扑灭了它。”He ticked eight of them off by name. As of early Wednesday, none of those lawmakers had lost, and at least six had won.他逐一列举了其中八位议员的名字。截至周三早些时候，这些议员无一败选，且至少有六人已经获胜。Governors’ races made history.州长选举创造了历史。Democrats reclaimed a majority of the nation’s governor’s offices for the first time in two decades. They won at least five competitive races, in Georgia, Iowa, Ohio, Texas and Wisconsin.20年来，民主党首次赢得了全国大多数州的州长席位。他们在佐治亚州、艾奥瓦州、俄亥俄州、得克萨斯州和威斯康星州赢得了至少五场竞争激烈的州长竞选。Voters also elected three new Black governors: a Republican, Byron Donalds, in Florida, and two Democrats, Keisha Lance Bottoms in Georgia and David Crowley in Wisconsin. Before Tuesday, only three Black governors had ever been elected in the country’s history.选民还选出了三位新的黑人州长：佛罗里达州的共和党人拜伦·唐纳兹，以及两位民主党人，即佐治亚州的凯莎·兰斯·波顿斯和威斯康星州的大卫·克劳利。在周二之前，美国历史上总共只有三位黑人州长当选。在佐治亚州胜选的民主党人基莎·兰斯·博顿斯是历史上首位当选州长的黑人女性。共和党众议员拜伦·唐纳兹将成为佛罗里达州首位黑人州长。民主党人戴维·克劳利将成为威斯康星州首位黑人州长。Ms. Bottoms is the first female Black governor ever to be elected.波顿斯是历史上首位当选的女性黑人州长。Ms. Hinojosa was the first Latina elected to lead Texas. Another Democrat, Xavier Becerra, was the first Latino elected governor of California. Deb Haaland, a Democrat, will be the nation’s first female Native American governor after winning in New Mexico.伊诺霍萨是首位当选得克萨斯州州长的拉丁裔女性。另一位民主党人哈维尔·贝塞拉成为首位当选加利福尼亚州州长的拉丁裔。民主党人德布·哈兰德在赢得新墨西哥州选举后，将成为全国首位美国原住民女性州长。There were other historic firsts, too.此外还有其他具有历史意义的第一次。Michigan elected the nation’s first Muslim senator, Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, a Democrat. New Hampshire elected a Democrat, Representative Chris Pappas, who will become the first openly gay man to serve in the Senate.密歇根州选出了全国首位穆斯林参议员：民主党人阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德医生。新罕布什尔州选出的民主党人、众议员克里斯·帕帕斯将成为第一位在参议院任职的公开同性恋身份的男性。Peggy Flanagan, a Democrat from Minnesota, became the first Native American woman to win election to the Senate. A second Indigenous woman, the Democrat Mary Peltola, could join her if she is elected in Alaska.来自明尼苏达州的民主党人佩吉·弗拉纳根成为首位赢得参议院选举的美国原住民女性。如果民主党人玛丽·佩尔托拉在阿拉斯加当选，她将成为第二位当选参议员的原住民女性。Musk’s millions didn’t make a difference.马斯克的巨额资金未能扭转局势。Mr. Musk, the world’s richest man, spent nearly half a billion dollars on the midterms. His party lost anyway.全球首富马斯克在中期选举中投入了近5亿美元。然而他的政党依然败北。Republicans, powered by Mr. Musk’s money and Mr. Trump’s $400 million super PAC, dominated Democrats in spending in this year’s Senate races. The Democrats still swept through the battlegrounds.在马斯克的资金和特朗普4亿美元超级政治行动委员会的助力下，共和党在今年参议院竞选的支出方面压倒了民主党。但民主党依然席卷了这些战场。It was the second consecutive election in which the national party that spent more lost, after former Vice President Kamala Harris’s cash advantage was not enough in 2024.这是连续第二次出现支出更多的全国性政党落败的情况，此前前副总统贺锦丽的现金优势在2024年亦未能助其获胜。Now Republicans face a daunting financial future. Democrats continue to dominate them at raising small-dollar donations online. And the lone Republican who has energized Republican small donors for the last decade is Mr. Trump. He will not be atop the ticket again.现在，共和党面临着严峻的财务前景。民主党在通过网络筹集小额捐款方面继续占据优势。而过去十年来，唯一能激发共和党小额捐赠者热情的共和党人只有特朗普。他将不再作为总统候选人领衔参选。Early in his term, Mr. Trump had suggested targeting some top Democratic donors for investigation, a move that seemed to put a chill on some contributors.在其任期初期，特朗普曾表示要针对部分顶级民主党捐款人进行调查，此举似乎令一些捐款者感到不安。One of those whom the president had named, Reid Hoffman, the billionaire venture capitalist and LinkedIn co-founder, captured the Democratic Party’s emotions early on Tuesday evening with three emojis: “”曾被总统点名的人物之一，亿万富翁风险投资家、领英联合创始人里德·霍夫曼在周二傍晚早些时候用三个表情符号（眼睛、美国国旗、爱心）精准概括了民主党的情绪。Shane Goldmacher《纽约时报》国内政治记者。Patricia Mazzei是《纽约时报》国内政治记者，常驻迈阿密。翻译：晋其角、经雷点击查看本文英文版。