JIN YU YOUNG, MURPHY ZHAO2026年9月4日2021年，韩国光州双年展展厅。第16届双年展于周六开幕。 Woohae Cho for The New York TimesThe Gwangju Biennale in South Korea, one of the most prominent art exhibitions in Asia, was engulfed by politics on Thursday as China announced a boycott of the event over Beijing’s claim that Taiwan is Chinese territory.由于北京对台湾的领土主张，中国于周四宣布抵制韩国光州双年展，从而使这个亚洲最负盛名的艺术展之一卷入政治风波。The controversy erupted from the biennale’s Pavilion Project, which is separate from the main exhibition and is being curated by international artists and galleries. The entry from Taiwan, a self-governing island democracy that China considers its territory, was slated to be shown under the title “Taiwan Pavilion.”此次争议源于独立于主展区且由国际艺术家及画廊策划的双年展展馆项目。来自台湾的参展作品原定以“台湾馆”的名称展出，台湾是一个实行自治的岛屿民主政体，中国视其为领土的一部分。“Because the biennale organizers used an incorrect designation for the participation of China’s Taiwan region, allowing political factors to interfere with art, the Chinese curatorial team finds this unacceptable and has unanimously decided to withdraw from the exhibition in strong protest,” Ruan Yuelai, a curator for the “China Pavilion,” said at a news conference on Thursday.“由于双年展主办方对中国台湾地区的参与使用了不正确的称谓，允许政治因素干扰艺术，中国策展团队认为这是不可接受的，并已一致决定退出展览以示强烈抗议，”中国馆策展人阮悦来在周四的新闻发布会上表示。The episode threatened to grow into a diplomatic rift. The Chinese Embassy in Seoul criticized the move as “directly damaging the political foundation of China-South Korea relations.”这一风波面临升级为外交摩擦的风险。中国驻韩国大使馆批评此举“直接损害中韩关系的政治基础”。China is South Korea’s largest trading partner and has close ties with North Korea, which has been increasingly belligerent toward the South. Since taking office last year, the South Korean president, Lee Jae Myung, has been trying to improve ties with Beijing in an effort to reverse the hard-line stance of his predecessor.中国是韩国最大的贸易伙伴，并与对韩日益强硬的朝鲜关系密切。自去年就职以来，韩国总统李在明一直试图改善与北京的关系，以此扭转其前任的强硬立场。“台湾馆”海报。 Taiwan Ministry of CultureSouth Korea, like the United States, follows a “one China” policy. As part of this, it acknowledges China’s belief that Taiwan is part of China but maintains informal ties with Taiwan’s government. On Thursday, a spokesman for South Korea’s Foreign Ministry said that its policy toward Taiwan had not changed and noted that the biennale dispute had its roots in the private sector.与美国一样，韩国奉行“一个中国”政策。在此框架下，韩国承认中国关于台湾是中国一部分的立场，但仍与台湾政府维持非正式关系。周四，韩国外交部发言人表示，韩国的对台政策未发生改变，并指出双年展争议起于私营部门。The Gwangju Biennale started in 1994 and attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year. This year’s edition, the 16th, runs from Saturday through mid-November and is titled “You Must Change Your Life.”创办于1994年的光州双年展每年吸引数十万名参观者。今年的第16届展览于周六拉开帷幕并将持续至11月中旬，主题为“你必须改变你的生活”。The city of Gwangju was the site of an uprising in 1980 and an ensuing massacre, ordered by the country’s military dictator. These events were pivotal to South Korea’s transformation into a democracy. The biennale was established with the goals of healing the wounds of the tragedy and portraying artwork with themes of democracy, human rights and peace.光州市是韩国军事独裁者下令镇压的1980年起义及随后屠杀事件的发生地。这些历史事件对韩国向民主转型起到了关键作用。光州双年展创立的初衷便是抚平这场悲剧带来的创伤，并展示以民主、人权与和平为主题的艺术作品。One of the first public signs of discord came in June, when the biennale’s organizers, seemingly under pressure from Chinese participants, changed the name of the “Taiwan Pavilion” to “NTMoFA Pavilion,” a reference to the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts.最早的不和信号在6月便已公开显现，当时双年展主办方似乎在中国参展者的压力下，将“台湾馆”更名为台湾国立美术馆的缩写“NTMoFA馆”。But they reversed themselves last month after criticism from dozens of artists participating in the biennale and from the Taiwanese culture ministry.但在遭到参与双年展的数十名艺术家以及台湾文化部批评后，主办方于上个月撤销了这一决定。On Thursday, the participants of the “China Pavilion” took down their works, according to a spokeswoman for the biennale. Several Chinese artists and curators did not respond immediately to a request for comment.据双年展发言人透露，周四，“中国馆”的参展者撤下了他们的作品。几位中国艺术家和策展人未立即回应置评请求。A day earlier, the Gwangju Biennale Foundation issued a statement in which it apologized for causing concern and confusion and took “full responsibility for the escalation of controversy.”就在前一天，光州双年展基金会发表声明，为引发外界担忧与混乱致歉，并表示对“争议升级承担全部责任”。It added that it hoped that the biennale would “fulfill the Pavilion Project’s original purpose: fostering meaningful artistic exchange and dialogue across borders.”该基金会补充道，希望双年展能够“实现展馆项目的初衷：促进跨越国界的有意义的艺术交流与对话”。Jin Yu Young自首尔报道韩国、亚太和全球突发新闻。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。