IAN AUSTEN2026年10月21日加拿大总理马克·卡尼（中）上周五在艾伯塔省红鹿市与支持艾伯塔省留在加拿大的选民交流。 Todd Korol/ReutersFor Prime Minister Mark Carney of Canada, the decision by oil-rich Alberta to ask voters whether to remain in Canada or hold a second, binding referendum on secession came, as he put it last week, “at the worst possible time.”对加拿大总理马克·卡尼而言，石油资源丰富的阿尔伯塔省决定让选民就“留在加拿大还是举行第二次具有约束力的独立公投”做出选择，用他上周的话说，时机“再糟糕不过”。But timing aside, Monday’s resounding vote to keep the western province within Canada both strengthens national unity and eliminates a significant distraction as Mr. Carney works to form new global alliances in the face of the trade and diplomatic war that President Trump has waged against Canada since he returned to office.但抛开时机不论，周一该西部省份以压倒性多数投票支持留在加拿大，既巩固了国家团结，也消除了一大干扰——卡尼正致力于在特朗普总统重返白宫后对加拿大发起的贸易与外交战中构建新的全球联盟。After months of campaigning, 75.2 percent of Albertans voted to remain in Canada, while 24.8 percent favored holding a second, binding vote on separation, according to unofficial results.经过数月竞选，非官方结果显示，75.2%的阿尔伯塔选民投票支持留在加拿大，24.8%的人赞成就独立问题举行第二次具有约束力的投票。Neither Mr. Carney nor his Liberal government had a formal role in the referendum, which was called by Danielle Smith, Alberta’s conservative premier. But many analysts attributed the strong vote for Canada to policies Mr. Carney, who was raised in the province, introduced over the past year and to his campaigning for continued unity there.卡尼及其自由党政府在公投中并不扮演任何正式的角色。这场公投由阿尔伯塔省保守党省长丹妮尔·史密斯发起。但许多分析人士将选民对加拿大的强烈支持归功于卡尼过去一年推出的政策，以及他在当地为维护统一所做的竞选活动——卡尼正是在该省长大的。“Carney was huge,” said Duane Bratt, a professor at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Alberta, who studies Alberta politics. “His working with Smith really took the wind out of separatism, and that’s why the separatists were just flailing.”“卡尼的作用至关重要，”研究阿尔伯塔政治的卡尔加里皇家山大学教授杜安·布拉特说。“他与史密斯的合作确实消解了分离主义的势头，所以分离主义者只能瞎闹一气。”He added, “Mark Carney is the most popular politician in the province right now.”他补充道：“马克·卡尼目前是这个省最受欢迎的政治人物。”Even after accounting for Mr. Carney’s upbringing in Edmonton, for a Liberal prime minister to enjoy outsize popularity is an anomaly in Alberta, the home of Canadian conservatism, where Conservative candidates frequently win federal elections in landslides.即便考虑到卡尼在埃德蒙顿的成长经历，一位自由党总理在阿尔伯塔享有超常人气也实属异数。这里是加拿大保守主义的故乡，保守党候选人经常在联邦选举中以压倒性优势获胜。Even today, many Albertans still complain about a government policy almost 50 years ago under the Liberal prime minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau. His short-lived National Energy Program of 1980, which sought to lower the Canadian price for oil, was popular elsewhere in Canada. But it was deeply resented in Alberta, where it was widely seen as an intrusion on the provinces’ control over natural resources.时至今日，许多阿尔伯塔人仍在抱怨近50年前自由党总理皮埃尔·埃利奥特·特鲁多政府的一项政策。他在1980年短暂实施的国家能源计划旨在压低加拿大油价，这在其他地方颇受欢迎，却在阿尔伯塔引发深切不满——当地人普遍视其为对该省自然资源控制权的侵犯。When Mr. Carney, former governor of the central banks of Canada and of England, entered politics last year, Ms. Smith seized every opportunity to criticize what she called the federal government’s “nine bad laws,” environmental measures introduced by his predecessor, Justin Trudeau, Pierre’s son. She also relentlessly pushed for a second oil pipeline to the Pacific Coast from her landlocked province.曾担任加拿大和英国央行行长的卡尼去年踏入政坛时，史密斯抓住一切机会批评她所称的联邦政府“九项恶法”，即其前任、皮埃尔之子贾斯汀·特鲁多推出的环保措施。她还不断推动从她的这个内陆省份修建第二条通往太平洋海岸的石油管道。Since then, Mr. Carney has replaced most of the “nine bad laws” with what he calls “cooperative federalism.” The new approach includes a new system that he said would speed up environmental and regulatory approvals of large projects, including oil and gas developments. More significantly, he said the federal government would build and largely finance an oil pipeline to a new ship terminal near Vancouver, British Columbia, the province just west of Alberta.此后，卡尼用他所谓的“合作联邦主义”取代了“九项恶法”的大部分。新方案包括一套新系统，他说这将加快大型项目的环境与监管审批，包括石油和天然气开发。更重要的是，他表示联邦政府将修建一条石油管道，通往阿尔伯塔以西不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华附近的新航运码头，并提供该项目大部分资金。While Mr. Carney’s changes were condemned by some environmentalists and Indigenous communities, they undercut separatist claims that Canada holds Alberta back from its full economic potential.卡尼的这些改变虽遭到部分环保主义者和原住民社区的谴责，却削弱了分离主义者的主张——即加拿大阻碍了阿尔伯塔省实现其全部经济潜力。周日，阿尔伯塔省艾尔德里，公投前一天的分离主义者。 Ahmed Zakot/ReutersAs a result, Mr. Bratt said, separatist campaigners were reduced to saying that Mr. Carney “was going to cancel the pipeline the day after the referendum or ask why he wasn’t building it personally by hand — just all sorts of crazy stuff.”布拉特说，结果，分离主义活动人士只能退而声称卡尼“会在公投第二天取消管道，或者质问他为什么不亲手建造——诸如此类的荒唐说法”。Polls show that Albertans support Mr. Carney’s defiant approach to Mr. Trump, as do Canadians generally. Ms. Smith, by contrast, who became leader of the United Conservative Party and then premier largely with the support of separatists, has frequently urged caution and restraint in dealing with Washington.民调显示，阿尔伯塔人支持卡尼对特朗普的强硬姿态，这和加拿大整体是一致的。相比之下，史密斯——她主要依靠分离主义者的支持成为联合保守党领袖并出任省长——则屡屡敦促在处理对华盛顿关系时保持谨慎与克制。She initially joined other provinces’ leaders in banning the sale of American beer, wine and spirits from the provincial liquor distribution system to pressure the Trump administration. But she soon allowed the products’ return, leaving Alberta as the only province without any measures against American alcohol.她起初与其他省份领导人一道禁止省酒类分销系统销售美国啤酒、葡萄酒和烈酒，以向特朗普政府施压。但她很快允许这些产品回归，使阿尔伯塔成为唯一未对美国酒类采取任何措施的省。Ms. Smith and Mr. Carney also contrasted during the referendum campaign. After a court quashed separatist efforts to force a direct question on leaving through a petition, Ms. Smith changed the law to add the separatism question to a previously planned referendum. She then alienated separatists by saying that she would vote for Canada but not requiring her party’s elected members to follow suit. Her own campaigning for Canada was limited, and she often focused on reasons for leaving the country.公投竞选期间，史密斯与卡尼也形成鲜明对比。法院驳回分离主义者通过请愿强制就退出问题直接表决的努力后，史密斯修改法律，将分离主义问题加入此前已计划好的公投。随后，她表示自己将投票支持留在加拿大，却不要求本党当选议员效仿，此举疏远了分离主义者。她本人为留在加拿大所做的竞选活动有限，且常常聚焦于脱离加拿大的理由。Although Mr. Carney acknowledged that Albertans have causes for complaint and that Canada ”isn’t perfect,” he vigorously pushed back against the separatist movement and the referendum. His message was well received. About 7,000 people lined up last week in Calgary, the province’s largest city — some for up to two hours — for a rally where he was the headliner.尽管卡尼承认阿尔伯塔人有抱怨的理由，也承认加拿大“并不完美”，但他坚决反击分离主义运动和此次公投。他的讯息得到了积极回应。上周，约7000人在该省最大城市卡尔加里排队——有些人等了长达两小时——参加一场集会，而卡尼正是这场集会的主角。On Tuesday, Mr. Carney made no attempt to hide his delight as he headed into a cabinet meeting in Ottawa.周二，卡尼在前往渥太华参加内阁会议时毫不掩饰喜悦。“It’s a great result for Canada, thrilled that Albertans have chosen unity,” he told reporters, adding in French: “It’s a good day for Canada.”“这对加拿大来说是个极佳的结果，阿尔伯塔人选择团结，我深感欣慰，”他告诉记者，并用法语补充道：“这对加拿大来说是美好的一天。”相关报道欧盟邀请加拿大成为“准成员国”2026年9月17日特朗普引发“新仇”，但美加早有“旧怨”2026年9月10日加拿大总理卡尼为何在达沃斯成为明星2026年1月23日最受欢迎泰国向中国电动汽车敞开大门，如今正付出代价法国发生近年来最大规模骚乱，人们在抗议什么？“定时炸弹”：印尼经济面临严峻压力一个万亿美元的产业如何洗白“脏黄金”法国陷入骚乱与动荡，极右翼从中看到了机会泽连斯基称特朗普正试图迫使乌克兰在战争中投降意大利南部与北部同时爆发抗议浪潮中国第三季度经济增速微升：出口繁荣，消费停滞日本“地车祭”频发伤亡事故引发安全忧虑不止打击非法移民：今年年初美国合法移民数量削减一半国际中国商业与经济镜头科技科学健康教育文化风尚旅游房地产观点与评论国际亚太南亚美国美洲欧洲中东非洲中国时政经济社会中外关系港澳台商业与经济全球经济中国经济交易录文化阅读艺术电影与电视体育风尚时尚美食与美酒生活方式观点与评论专栏作者观点漫画更多镜头科技科技公司科技与你科学健康教育旅游房地产免费下载 纽约时报中文网iOS 和 Android App点击下载iOS App 点击下载Android App© 2026 The New York Times Company.