Skip to main contentNews & ViewsPublished: 25 September 2026Heart failureAlicia Lundby ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1612-60411 Nature Cardiovascular Research (2026) Cite this articleSave articleView saved researchProteomic profiling of 149 explanted human hearts shows that, in end-stage heart failure, protein profiles converge across etiologies. Proteome profiles indicate that molecular subtyping, rather than clinical phenotyping, may better capture patient heterogeneity.This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institutionAccess options Access through your institutionSubscribe to this journalReceive 12 digital issues and online access to articles118,99 € per yearonly 9,92 € per issueLearn moreRent or buy this articlePrices vary by article typefrom$1.95to$39.95Learn morePrices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkoutFig. 1: Cardiac tissue proteomics resolves molecular subgroups of end-stage heart failure not defined by clinical etiology.SubjectsCardiomyopathiesProteomicsDiabetic Cardiomyopathy and Cardiac MetabolismReferencesChaffin, M. et al. Nature 608, 174–180 (2022).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Koenig, A. L. et al. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 1, 263–280 (2022).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Hamed, O. et al. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-026-00880-w (2026).Article Google Scholar Lundby, A. et al. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 5, 526–540 (2026).Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Pérez-Hernández, M. et al. Circulation 146, 851–867 (2022).Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Achter, J. S. et al. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 4, 1409–1423 (2025).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Reitz, C. J. et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 120, e2212118120 (2023).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Mulvey, J. F. et al. Mol. Cell Proteomics 25, 101510 (2026).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Jani, V. P. et al. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 14, e038945 (2025).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Sun, B. B. et al. Nature 622, 329–338 (2023).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Guo, T., Steen, J. A. & Mann, M. Nature 638, 901–911 (2025).Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Sinha, A. et al. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 5, 605–623 (2026).Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Download referencesFundingA.L. was supported by research grants from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (grant 10.46540/4285-00115B) and the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant NNF25OC0097951).Author informationAuthors and AffiliationsDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkAlicia LundbyAuthorsAlicia LundbyView author publicationsSearch author on:PubMed Google ScholarCorresponding authorCorrespondence to Alicia Lundby.Ethics declarationsRights and permissionsReprints and permissionsAbout this article