LARA JAKES, REBECCA F. ELLIOTT, ALAN RAPPEPORT, MICHAEL LEVENSON2026年6月23日周一，美国与伊朗在瑞士布尔根施托克度假村举行高级别会谈后，副总统万斯发表讲话。 Pool photo by Nathan HowardThe Trump administration temporarily lifted oil sanctions against Iran on Monday in a sharp reversal of U.S. policy that could provide Iran with an economic boon after years of having to sell at a discount to buyers who risked running afoul of the United States.特朗普政府于周一暂时解除了对伊朗的石油制裁，这标志着美国政策的剧烈转变，可能为伊朗带来经济利好——多年来，伊朗不得不以折扣价格向那些冒着触怒美国风险的买家出售石油。Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said that the 60-day sanctions exemption, which authorizes the purchase of Iranian oil in U.S. dollars, giving Iran greater access to American currency, was the result of “ongoing productive” talks with Iran in Bürgenstock, Switzerland.财政部长贝森特表示，这项为期60天的制裁豁免允许使用美元购买伊朗石油，使伊朗更容易获得美元，这是在瑞士布尔根施托克与伊朗进行的“持续且富有成效”的谈判所达成的结果。Vice President JD Vance, who has been leading the U.S. negotiating team in Bürgenstock, said that Tehran had agreed to allow United Nations inspectors to visit Iran’s nuclear sites. He called that development “a major milestone for the American people and the first step in permanently ending a nuclear weapons program in Iran.”在布尔根施托克一直领导美国谈判团队的副总统万斯表示，德黑兰已同意允许联合国督察员访问伊朗的核设施。他称这一进展是“美国人民的重大里程碑，也是永久终止伊朗核武器计划的第一步”。President Trump also made the claim, posting Monday on social media: “Everybody is fully aware that Iran will agree to have Major Weapons Inspections in order to ensure ‘Nuclear Honesty’ long into the future.”特朗普总统也做出了类似声明，他周一在社交媒体上发帖称：“大家都非常清楚，伊朗将同意接受重大武器核查，确保未来长期的‘核诚实’。”But it was not clear if nuclear inspectors would travel to Iran. The U.N. nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, did not immediately respond to the comments by Mr. Trump and Mr. Vance. And the spokesman for Iran’s foreign ministry, Esmail Baghaei, told Iran’s state news agency, IRNA, that Tehran had made “no new commitments” on nuclear inspections, and that any engagement with U.N. inspectors would take place “under existing procedures.”但目前尚不清楚核查人员是否会前往伊朗。联合国核监督机构国际原子能机构没有立即对特朗普和万斯的言论作出回应。此外，伊朗外交部发言人伊斯梅尔·巴盖伊告诉伊朗国家通讯社IRNA，德黑兰在核检查方面“没有做出新承诺”，与联合国督察员的任何接触都将在“现有程序下”进行。At a news conference in Bürgenstock, Mr. Vance also described new lines of communication established to de-escalate tensions in the Strait of Hormuz and in Lebanon, where Israel and Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed militia, appear to have eased their attacks. Those two issues have complicated the delicate cease-fire between the United States and Iran.在布尔根施托克的新闻发布会上，万斯还介绍了为缓解霍尔木兹海峡及黎巴嫩紧张局势而建立的新沟通渠道——在黎巴嫩，以色列与伊朗支持的民兵组织黎巴嫩真主党似乎都减轻了攻击力度。这两个问题曾使美伊之间脆弱的停火协议变得更加棘手。“This is a work in progress,” Mr. Vance said, adding that the new process in Lebanon would help “ensure it doesn’t spiral out of control in the future.”“这是一项正在推进的工作，”万斯说，他还说，在黎巴嫩的新流程将有助于“确保未来局势不会走向失控”。Overall, Mr. Vance said, the negotiations with Iran that began on Sunday had set a “very good foundation” for a final peace deal. Qatari and Pakistani officials, who mediated the talks, said that “encouraging progress has been made.”万斯表示，总的来说，自周日开始的对伊谈判为最终的和平协议奠定了“非常好的基础”。负责调解谈判的卡塔尔和巴基斯坦官员表示，“已经取得了令人鼓舞的进展”。U.N. inspections of Iran’s nuclear sites and the lifting of American sanctions would effectively restore key parts of a nuclear agreement that the Obama administration struck with Iran in 2015. Mr. Trump withdrew the United States from that agreement in 2018, and declared on social media as recently as April that it was “one of the Worst Deals ever.”联合国对伊朗核设施的视察以及美国取消制裁实际上将恢复奥巴马政府在2015年与伊朗达成的核协议的核心部分。特朗普于2018年宣布美国退出该协议，今年4月还在社交媒体上宣称它是“有史以来最糟糕的交易之一”。Iran began limiting nuclear inspections after Mr. Trump withdrew from the 2015 nuclear accord. Iran then blocked I.A.E.A. inspectors from its nuclear sites after Israel and the United States bombed the sites during a 12-day war in June 2025.在特朗普退出2015年核协议后，伊朗开始限制核视察活动。在2025年6月一场为期12天的战争中，以色列和美国轰炸了伊朗的核设施，随后伊朗彻底阻止了国际原子能机构督察员进入其核设施。Iranian officials had accused the I.A.E.A. of providing political cover for those attacks because they came after the agency passed a resolution saying Tehran was not complying with its nuclear nonproliferation obligations.伊朗官员曾指责国际原子能机构为美以袭击提供了政治掩护，因为在袭击发生前，该机构通过了一项决议，称德黑兰未能履行其核不扩散义务。The fate of Iran’s stockpile of highly enriched uranium has been unknown since the 12-day war. Iran says the material was destroyed or buried in the bombings. As part of a memorandum of understanding signed by the United States and Iran last week, Tehran had agreed to dilute that stockpile under the supervision of I.A.E.A. inspectors.自那场12天的战争以来，伊朗高浓缩铀库存的去向一直不得而知。伊朗表示，这些材料在轰炸中已被摧毁或掩埋。作为美伊上周签署的谅解备忘录的一部分，德黑兰已同意在国际原子能机构督察员的监督下稀释这批库存。Iran has repeatedly declared that its nuclear program is only for civilian purposes and its president, Masoud Pezeshkian, said on Sunday that Iran would “never back down” from its right to enrich uranium. The head of the I.A.E.A., Rafael M. Grossi, was in Bürgenstock over the weekend, speaking to Switzerland’s foreign minister.伊朗已多次声明其核计划完全用于民用目的，其总统马苏德·佩泽什基安周日表示，伊朗在浓缩铀的权利上“绝不退让”。国际原子能机构负责人拉斐尔·格罗西周末也在布尔根施托克，同瑞士外交部长进行了会谈。The memorandum of understanding also committed the Trump administration to temporarily lifting U.S. sanctions on Iran’s oil industry that it had imposed in an effort to throttle Iran’s economy. On Monday, the Treasury Department issued a 60-day license allowing the production, delivery and sale of Iranian oil as part of that preliminary agreement. The change could provide Iran with a windfall after years of being forced to sell discounted oil to buyers willing to risk breaching U.S. economic restrictions.该谅解备忘录还促使特朗普政府暂时解除针对伊朗石油工业的美国制裁，这些制裁旨在扼杀伊朗经济。周一，美国财政部签发了一份为期60天的许可证，允许生产、运输和销售伊朗石油，作为该初步协议的一部分。多年来，伊朗被迫以折扣价向愿意冒着违反美国经济限制风险的买家出售石油，此次调整或将为伊朗带来意外之财。The Trump administration had signaled that it was prepared to provide Iran with financial rewards if it reopened the Strait of Hormuz, a critical oil shipping route that Tehran effectively closed during the war, driving up global energy prices.特朗普政府此前曾发出信号表示，如果伊朗重新开放霍尔木兹海峡，美国准备向其提供经济回报。霍尔木兹海峡是一条关键的石油航运通道，德黑兰在战争期间实际上关闭了该海峡，从而推高了全球能源价格。“Iran has committed to free and open transit in the Strait of Hormuz and to permit International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors into their country,” Mr. Bessent wrote on social media on Monday.“伊朗已承诺确保霍尔木兹海峡的自由开放通行，并允许国际原子能机构(IAEA)督察员进入他们的国家，”贝森特周一在社交媒体上写道。Iranian officials said they had made progress in Switzerland in their push to access $24 billion in frozen assets. Iran’s central bank governor, Abdolnaser Hemmati, told Tasnim, an Iranian news agency, on Monday that “the necessary memorandums were signed” during the first day of talks to begin the release of assets.伊朗官员表示，他们在瑞士推动解冻240亿美元资产的工作取得了进展。伊朗中央银行行长阿卜杜勒纳赛尔·赫马蒂周一告诉伊朗塔斯尼姆通讯社，在第一天的谈判中“签署了必要的备忘录”， 以启动资产解冻程序。U.S. officials have not confirmed if they will release Iranian assets. But Mr. Vance said that if assets are released, Iran would have to spend them on U.S. goods, such as soy and wheat, and would be prohibited from using them to fund terrorism.美国官员尚未证实他们是否会释放伊朗资产。但万斯先表示，如果资产被解冻，伊朗必须将这些资金用于购买美国商品，例如大豆和小麦，且不得将其用于资助恐怖主义。“If Iranian assets are ever unfrozen, they’re going to go to make American farmers richer and to feed the Iranian people,” Mr. Vance said, crediting that idea to Jared Kushner, President Trump’s son-in-law and a key U.S. negotiator with Iran. The United States and Qatar would oversee the process, Mr. Vance added.“如果伊朗的资产被解冻，它们会被用来让美国的农民变得更富有，并为伊朗人民提供粮食，”万斯说，他将这个想法归功于贾里德·库什纳——特朗普总统的女婿、美国对伊谈判的关键谈判代表。万斯还说，美国和卡塔尔将监督这一过程。As he prepared to leave Switzerland, Mr. Vance said that some U.S. and Iranian officials would remain in the country to continue technical discussions. Both sides have committed to reaching a final agreement within 60 days.在准备离开瑞士时，万斯表示，部分美国和伊朗官员将留在该国继续进行技术性讨论。双方已承诺在60天内达成最终协议。“As much as this place is very beautiful, I can’t stay here for the next 60 days,” Mr. Vance said.“虽然这个地方非常美丽，但我没办法接下来的60天都待在这里，”万斯说。Iran’s top negotiators, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the speaker of the Iranian Parliament, and Abbas Araghchi, the foreign minister, arrived in Oman on Monday for discussions on a new mechanism to oversee ship traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, Iranian state media reported.据伊朗国家媒体报道，伊朗首席谈判代表、伊朗议会议长穆罕默德·巴盖尔·卡利巴夫和外交部长阿巴斯·阿拉格齐于周一抵达阿曼，就监督霍尔木兹海峡船只通行的新机制进行讨论。Iran has said it wants to charge “fees” in exchange for unspecified “services” it would provide in the waterway. Mr. Trump has said he wants the strait to be “permanently toll-free.”伊朗表示，希望就该国在该水道提供的未具体说明的“服务”收取“费用”。特朗普则表示，他希望该海峡能够“永久免费通行”。Shirin Hakim、Erika Solomon和Leo Sands对本文有报道贡献。Lara Jakes是时报驻罗马记者，报道冲突与外交，重点关注武器以及乌克兰和中东战争。她从事新闻工作超过30年。Rebecca F. Elliott为时报报道能源新闻。Alan Rappeport是时报驻华盛顿的经济政策记者。 他负责报道财政部并撰写有关税收、贸易和财政事务的文章。Michael Levenson为时报报道突发新闻。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。