PETER EAVIS, FARNAZ FASSIHI, JENNY GROSS, EUAN WARD2026年6月26日周二，靠近霍尔木兹海峡阿曼海岸外的油轮和货船。 Elke Scholiers/Getty ImagesIran’s armed forces struck a container ship that was passing through the Strait of Hormuz on Thursday, according to U.S. and Iranian officials, undermining efforts to restore shipping traffic through the crucial waterway.据美伊双方官员透露，伊朗武装部队周四在霍尔木兹海峡袭击了一艘途经此处的集装箱船，使恢复这条关键水道航运的努力遭受重挫。The attack came hours after Iran, demonstrating its hold over the strait, had warned ships that the only route through the vital pathway for oil and natural gas was through its waters. Many ships had been using a route on the southern side of the strait, hugging the Omani coast.此次袭击发生数小时前，伊朗为了展示自己对霍尔木兹海峡的控制权，警告所有船只：要穿越这条对石油和天然气运输至关重要的水道，唯一许可航线必须经过伊朗水域。此前，许多船只一直选择沿着海峡南侧、贴近阿曼海岸的航道航行。The strike halted traffic through the crucial waterway, contradicting President Trump’s claim that Iran did not control the strait and his assurances that it was open once again open to shipping. Oil prices jumped after the attack, with the cost of Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil, rising over 2 percent to about $75 a barrel. West Texas Intermediate crude, the U.S. benchmark, also rose over 2 percent, to around $72 a barrel.袭击导致这条重要水道的航运再次中断，这与特朗普总统此前宣称“伊朗并不控制霍尔木兹海峡”以及海峡已重新向航运开放的保证相矛盾。袭击发生后油价跳涨，全球基准布伦特原油价格上涨超过2%，至每桶约75美元。美国基准西得克萨斯中质原油也上涨超过2%，至每桶约72美元。A U.S. official, who spoke anonymously in order to share details of the strike, said the vessel had been hit by a drone. The attack prompted the International Maritime Organization, a United Nations agency, to suspend its plan to evacuate seafarers from hundreds of ships that had been stranded in the Persian Gulf.一名美国官员在匿名情况下透露了袭击细节，称该船遭到无人机打击。此次袭击还迫使联合国机构国际海事组织暂停了将数百艘滞留在波斯湾船只上的海员撤离的计划。It was not clear how the strike would affect the ongoing negotiations between the United States and Iran over control of the strait and over Iran’s nuclear program. Secretary of State Marco Rubio met on Thursday with Gulf Arab leaders in Bahrain to try to allay their security concerns.目前尚不清楚这次袭击将对美伊两国正在进行的关于海峡控制权和伊朗核计划的谈判产生怎样的影响。国务卿鲁比奥周四在巴林会见了海湾阿拉伯国家领导人，努力消除他们的安全顾虑。Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps had warned ships earlier on Thursday that they must coordinate with its navy and that they should not take an alternative route, in an apparent reference to Omani territorial waters. The threats came just as shipping in the waterway was surging this week after months of near-paralysis.伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队周四早些时候曾发出警告，要求所有船只必须与伊朗海军协调，不得选择其他航线——这显然指的是阿曼领海。这些威胁发出之际，该水道的航运在经历了数月近乎瘫痪后，本周刚开始迅速恢复。“This route is unacceptable and extremely dangerous,” the Revolutionary Guards’ Navy said early on Thursday in a statement carried by Tasnim, an Iranian news agency tied to the Guards. “We warn all vessels to strictly refrain from any movement outside the designated routes,” it added, warning that action would be taken against vessels that did not heed its instructions.“这条航线是不可接受且极其危险的，”革命卫队海军周四早些时候在伊朗塔斯尼姆通讯社（该机构有革命卫队背景）发表的一份声明中称。“我们警告所有船舶严格避免在指定航道之外航行，”声明补充道，并放话将对不服从的船只采取行动。周四，国务卿鲁比奥与巴林国王哈马德·本·伊萨·阿勒哈利法在巴林会面。The United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations organization, which is administered by Britain’s Royal Navy, reported that a cargo vessel had been hit by an “unknown projectile,” damaging the bridge. The episode happened 7.5 nautical miles southeast of Dahit, Oman, where vessels were transiting.由英国皇家海军管理的英国海上贸易行动办公室报告称，一艘货船被“不明抛射物”击中，驾驶台受损。事件发生在阿曼达希特东南方向7.5海里处，正是过往船只通行的区域。The ship struck, the Ever Lovely, is owned by Evergreen Marine, a shipping company based in Taiwan, according to Equasis, a ship database.据船舶数据库Equasis显示，遭袭的“长丽轮”隶属台湾船运公司长荣海运。Arsenio Dominguez, the secretary general of the International Maritime Organization, did not name the attacked ship in a news release on Thursday, but said it had not been part of the agency’s evacuation operation.国际海事组织秘书长阿塞尼奥·多明格斯在周四的新闻稿中未点名遭袭船只，但表示该船未包括在该组织的撤离行动中。The Wall Street Journal initially reported the strike on the vessel in the strait.《华尔街日报》最早报道了这起霍尔木兹海峡船只遇袭事件。Jakob Larsen, the chief security officer at BIMCO, the world’s largest shipping association, said in a statement on Thursday that the attack underscored the importance of having clear agreements between the United States and Iran on the resumption of shipping through the strait. The current agreement is “not sufficiently clear,” he said.全球最大航运协会——波罗的海国际航运公会的首席安全官雅各布·拉森周四发表声明称，此次袭击凸显了美伊两国就恢复海峡航运达成明确协议的重要性。他表示，目前的协议“不够明确”。The Iranian official, who asked not to be named because he was not authorized to speak publicly, said Oman’s providing an alternative route to vessels for transiting the strait had angered Iran and undermined its control over the passageway, therefore it had decided to act.一名因无权公开发言而要求匿名的伊朗官员表示，阿曼向过往船只提供替代航线一事令伊朗深感不满，因为这削弱了伊朗对海峡的控制，因此它决定采取行动。The official said Oman was in a difficult position, working with Iran to create a management system over the strait and under pressure from the United States to reject all monetization and open the waterway. He added that Oman did not have the ability to provide security guarantees to vessels without Iran on board, and that Iran, which was insisting on maintaining its control over the area, would not tolerate a second- or third-party intervention.该官员还说，阿曼处境两难——一方面要与伊朗合作建立海峡管理机制，另一方面又面临美国的压力，要求其拒绝任何收费安排，确保水道畅通开放。他补充说，阿曼在没有伊朗配合的情况下无力为过往船只提供安全保障，而坚持维护本地区控制权的伊朗也不会容忍任何第二方或第三方介入。Though Iran agreed last week to let vessels pass through the strait safely, it is also seeking to gain more influence over shipping traffic in the waterway, said an analyst, Noam Raydan, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.尽管伊朗上周同意让船只安全通过海峡，但它也在寻求获得对水道航运的更多影响力，华盛顿近东政策研究所高级研究员诺姆·雷丹分析道。“Iran wants this navigational order to be according to its own terms,” she said.“伊朗希望按照自己的条件来确立这套航行秩序，”她说。德黑兰街头的广告牌，展示伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡的控制，摄于4月。Traffic through the strait — an energy route that Iran and the United States blockaded during the war — had jumped this week as vessels stranded for months in the Persian Gulf began leaving. Shipping companies are seeking to take advantage of a temporary two-month window to move Middle East crude oil.霍尔木兹海峡曾在战争期间遭到伊朗和美国封锁。本周，随着此前滞留波斯湾数月的大批船只陆续驶离，海峡航运量大幅增加。各大航运公司正试图利用目前这两个月的窗口期，加快中东原油运输。About 70 vessels transited the waterway on Wednesday, including 29 tankers, making it the busiest day since March 1, according to figures offered on Thursday by Kpler, a maritime data company. Before the war, 130 or more ships passed through the strait every day.据海事数据公司Kpler周四公布的数据，周三共有约70艘船只通过海峡，其中包括29艘油轮，创下3月1日以来的单日新高。而在战前，每天通过海峡的船只超过130艘。Bahrain is the final stop of a three-country tour for Mr. Rubio, which also took him to the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait. At a meeting with representatives of the six-member Gulf Cooperation Council in the Bahraini capital, Manama, he sought to assuage concerns among regional allies over a framework peace agreement with Iran that has left some of their central security questions unaddressed.巴林是鲁比奥此次三国海湾之行的最后一站，此前他已访问阿联酋和科威特。在巴林首都麦纳麦与海湾合作委员会六国代表会面时，他着力安抚地区盟友对美伊框架和平协议的顾虑——这份协议并未解决他们最关心的一些安全问题。“We want to ensure that in any decisions that are made throughout this negotiating process, the interest of our partners and our allies in the region are always taken into account,” Mr. Rubio told the council’s representatives on Thursday.“我们希望确保在整个谈判过程中所作出的任何决定都能够充分考虑到我们地区伙伴和盟友的利益，”鲁比奥周四对海合会代表表示。The deal should not undermine “the security, the stability, or the prosperity of any of our partners in the Gulf region,” he added.他还表示，这项协议不应损害“海湾地区任何一个伙伴的安全、稳定和繁荣”。Gulf Arab states have broadly welcomed efforts to end the war but remain uneasy about provisions of the preliminary agreement. The deal does not address Iran’s missile and drone programs, which Tehran used to attack Gulf countries — some hosting American military bases — after the conflict with the United States and Israel began in late February.海湾阿拉伯国家总体上对终结战争的努力表示欢迎，但对初步协议的部分内容仍存有疑虑。协议未涉及伊朗的导弹和无人机项目——今年2月下旬美以对伊开战后，伊朗正是利用这些武器对包括驻有美国军事基地的海湾国家在内的多个目标发动了攻击。The crucial question of how shipping will be managed through the Strait of Hormuz also remains unresolved.霍尔木兹海峡航运管理方式这一关键问题同样悬而未决。The naval arm of the Revolutionary Guards, in its latest threat, repeated that coordination with the guards was “mandatory” for vessels seeking to transit the strait. Iran has insisted on this since the framework U.S.-Iran peace deal was announced last week.革命卫队海军在其最新威胁中重申，与革命卫队协调是希望通过海峡的船只“必须”做的事。自上周美伊框架和平协议宣布以来，伊朗一直坚持这一要求。周四，鲁比奥在巴林首都麦纳麦与海湾国家外长会面。Several container ships, some of which were stranded for more than three months, have been able to leave the Persian Gulf.目前，已有多艘集装箱船陆续驶离波斯湾，其中有些已滞留超过三个月。The Danish shipping giant Maersk said two of its vessels left the Gulf between late Wednesday and early Thursday after “security assessments” and consultations with regional security partners. Three Maersk vessels remain in the Gulf and are expected to leave later, the company said.丹麦航运巨头马士基表示，其两艘船只在经过“安全评估”并与地区安全合作伙伴磋商后，于周三晚间至周四凌晨先后离开波斯湾。该公司表示，另有三艘马士基船只仍留在海湾，预计稍后也将驶离。Since early May, the U.S. military has helped ships sail through the strait on routes close to Oman. More than 500 ships and 250 million barrels of crude have been moved under that effort, according to U.S. Central Command, which is behind the operation.5月初以来，美国军方一直协助船只沿阿曼的航线穿越海峡。据负责该行动的美国中央司令部统计，迄今已有逾500艘船只、2.5亿桶原油借助这一行动顺利转移。Mr. Rubio, during his meeting with Gulf Cooperation Council foreign ministers on Thursday, rejected Iran’s continued claim to control passage through the strait.鲁比奥周四在与海合会各国外长举行的会议上明确拒绝了伊朗继续声称拥有霍尔木兹海峡通行控制权的说法。“International waterways do not belong to any nation state,” he said. “This is a foundational principle in the world today, without which the world would be in total chaos.”“国际水道不属于任何国家，”他说。“这是当今世界的一项基本原则，如果不是这样，世界将陷入彻底混乱。”Leily Nikounazar和Rebecca F. Elliott对本文有报道贡献。Peter Eavis报道全球货物运输业务。Farnaz Fassihi是《纽约时报》联合国分社社长，领导关于该组织的报道。她还报道伊朗新闻，撰写有关中东冲突的新闻已有15年。Jenny Gross常驻伦敦，为《纽约时报》报道商业和经济新闻。Euan Ward是《纽约时报》记者，报道黎巴嫩和叙利亚新闻。他常驻贝鲁特。翻译：杜然点击查看本文英文版。