HISAKO UENO2026年6月24日今年早些时候，日本富士山登山起点处的游客。 Kentaro Takahashi for The New York TimesJapan said that it will raise the price of some tourist visas by more than 400 percent starting in July, the latest move in Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s campaign to tightly regulate entries by foreign nationals.日本表示，将从7月起将部分旅游签证的费用上调400%以上，这是首相高市早苗严格管控外籍人士入境行动的最新举措。Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi announced the changes on Friday, saying in a news briefing that the changes were necessary after 48 years without a change. He cited factors including inflation and changes in exchange rates for the increase.外务大臣茂木敏充在上周五宣布了这些变动，并在新闻发布会上表示，鉴于相关费用48年来从未调整，此次调整势在必行。他列举了通货膨胀和汇率变动等因素作为涨价的依据。The fees will apply to travelers from more than 100 countries, including China, India and Vietnam, which were among Japan’s largest sources of visitors last year. They will go from paying about $18 to $93 for a single-entry visa, and from $37 to $186 for multiple entries.这些费用将适用于来自100多个国家的旅客，包括中国、印度和越南，这些国家包含在去年日本最大的游客来源国之中。单次入境签证的费用将从约18美元上调至93美元，多次入境签证的费用将从37美元增加到186美元。Tourists from the United States and around 70 other countries will not have to pay the new fees because of visa exemptions. For now, those travelers can enter for free. In 2028, Japan plans to roll out an electronic system for visa-exempt travelers known as Jesta, the fee for which has not yet been set.来自美国及约70个其他国家的游客因享受免签待遇，无需缴纳新签证费。目前，这些旅客可以免费入境。日本计划在2028年针对免签旅客推出名为Jesta的电子系统，其费用尚未确定。The revenue will subsidize the cost of passports for Japanese nationals, who will have to pay about $43 less in fees, according to Ms. Takaichi’s governing Liberal Democratic Party.据高市早苗所在的执政党自民党称，这笔收入将用于补贴日本国民的护照费用，国民需要缴纳的护照费用将减少约43美元。Ms. Takaichi won a snap election in February with a sweeping mandate from voters, who supported her hard-line positions on issues such as immigration and China’s growing economic and military clout.高市早苗在2月份的提前选举中获得了选民的压倒性支持而胜出，选民们支持她在移民问题以及中国日益增长的经济和军事影响力等问题上的强硬立场。Politicians in her party say that foreigners abuse tourist visas to stay indefinitely in Japan, a country that has long been cautious about immigration. Foreigners make up only about 3 percent of the population, but the numbers of permanent residents, students and skilled and unskilled workers has steadily increased since 2021, according to Japan’s Immigration Services Agency.她所在政党的政治人士表示，外国人滥用旅游签证在日本无限期逗留。日本长久以来一直对移民持谨慎态度。根据日本出入国在留管理厅的数据，虽然外国人仅占日本人口的约3%，但自2021年以来，永久居民、学生以及技术工人和非技术工人的数量一直在稳步增加。Yoichi Kinoshita, a former Immigration Bureau official who works as an adviser at a visa support agency, said the Takaichi government’s focus has shifted from reducing illegal immigration to targeting legal foreign residents.曾任出入国在留管理局官员、现为一家签证支持机构顾问的木下洋一（音）表示，高市政府的重点已从减少非法移民转向针对合法的外国居民。“This harsh attitude toward foreigners really resonates with conservatives,” he said“这种对外国人的严苛态度确实引起了保守派的共鸣，”他说。One example is a recent visa rule change that forced many foreign restaurant owners to shutter the small curry, fried rice and noodle restaurants they had set up around Japan.一个例子是最近的签证规则变化，这迫使许多外国餐馆老板关闭了他们在日本各地开设的小型咖喱店、炒饭店和面馆。In March, Ms. Takaichi’s cabinet proposed an amendment to Japan’s immigration laws to increase residence permit fees. Applicants for permanent residence would have to pay as much as 300,000 yen, or more than $1,800, up from the current fee of around $60. The revenue collected from the fees would help to pay for services for foreign nationals including Japanese language training, the Immigration Bureau said at the time.今年3月，高市内阁提议对日本的移民法进行修正，以提高居留许可费用。永久居留申请者将需支付高达30万日元（超过1800美元）的费用，而目前的费用约为60美元。出入国在留管理局当时表示，从这些费用中征收的收入将用于支付面向外国人的服务费用，包括日语培训等。The bill was criticized by immigrants’ rights groups and the bar associations of Tokyo and Osaka, two of the largest organizations of lawyers in Japan.该法案受到了移民权利团体以及日本两大律师组织——东京律师协会和大阪律师协会的批评。“The government’s ‘foreigner policies’ are becoming increasingly strict, including easing requirements to revoke permanent resident status,” the Tokyo Bar Association said in a statement in May, arguing that the fee increase was a “sudden and excessive burden on foreign nationals.”东京律师协会在5月的声明中表示：“政府的‘外国人政策’正变得越来越严格，包括放宽撤销永久居民身份的条件。”声明认为，费用增加是对“外籍人士突然且过度的负担”。Ms. Takaichi’s party has drawn a link between excessive tourism and illegal immigration. Since Japan reopened to international tourism after the coronavirus pandemic, tourist areas in cities like Tokyo and Kyoto have felt increasingly unmanageable to locals. Last year, the country reported a record 42.6 million visitor arrivals. Residents have complained about tourists littering, parking in driveways and crowding religious sites.高市所在的政党将过度旅游与非法移民联系起来。自日本在新冠疫情后重新开放国际旅游以来，东京和京都等城市的旅游区让当地人感到越来越难以管理。去年，日本接待的入境游客人数达到创纪录的4260万人次。居民们抱怨游客乱扔垃圾、把车停在私人车道上，以及在宗教场所造成拥挤。In a November meeting about coexisting with foreign nationals, Ms. Takaichi said that tourism was “vitally important” to Japan’s economy, but that foreign visitors would not be allowed to misbehave.在11月一次关于与外籍人士共处的会议上，高市早苗表示，旅游业对日本经济“至关重要”，但不会允许外国游客行为不端。“Illegal acts and deviations from the rules by some foreign nationals are causing anxiety and a sense of unfairness among the public,” she said. “While drawing a clear line against xenophobia, the government will respond firmly to such misconduct.”“一些外籍人士的违法行为和无视规则的行为正在引起公众的焦虑和不公平感，”她说。“在划清反对仇外心理界限的同时，政府将对这种不当行为作出坚决回应。”Foreign visitor arrivals have been declining, according to the Japan National Tourism Organization. In May, they fell by 3.6 percent compared to the same month last year. The largest drop was among Chinese tourists, who have cut back on their trips to Japan at a time when relations between the countries are strained.根据日本政府观光局的数据，外国游客的入境人数一直在下降。今年5月与去年同月相比下降了3.6%。降幅最大的是中国游客，在两国关系紧张之际，他们减少了前往日本的旅行。Hisako Ueno是常驻东京的记者/研究员，撰写日本政治、商业、劳工、性别及文化相关议题。Francesca Regalado是《纽约时报》记者，报道突发新闻。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。