AMY CHANG CHIEN, MEAGHAN TOBIN2026年6月25日新竹这家名为巨城的购物中心是台湾顶尖的零售中心之一。 Lam Yik Fei for The New York TimesApril Lo remembers when the most coveted real estate in Taiwan was farmland.罗君仪还记得，现在台湾最抢手的地产当年是一片农田。When she moved to the area 16 years ago, there were no department stores, office parks or fine-dining restaurants.16年前她搬到这个地区时，这里没有百货商店，没有办公园区，也没有高级餐厅。“It was very desolate,” she said.“很荒凉，”她说。Today, nothing could be further from the truth. The rice fields have given way to Hsinchu, home to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company and ground zero for an industry driving the global economy: the production of the advanced computer chips powering the artificial intelligence boom.如今，情况已截然不同。稻田已经让位给了新竹，这里是台积电的所在地，也是驱动全球经济发展的产业的中心：生产推动人工智能热潮的先进计算机芯片。As Taiwan’s semiconductor industry took off, TSMC made chips that drive virtually every kind of electronic device. That includes the sought-after A.I. accelerators designed by Nvidia, the world’s most valuable company. Farmers were gradually priced out of the area by factories, offices and luxury high-rises. The high-speed rail linking Taiwan’s largest cities now carries 80 million people a year through Ms. Lo’s backyard.随着台湾半导体产业的腾飞，台积电制造的芯片几乎驱动着所有类型的电子设备。其中包括由全球市值最高公司英伟达设计的、备受追捧的人工智能加速器。由于工厂、办公楼和豪华高层建筑的兴起，农民逐渐因物价高涨而被挤出这一地区。连接台湾各大城市的高速铁路穿行于罗君仪家的后院，每年运送8000万人次。新竹市的一个富裕地区。该地区是台积电的所在地，该公司生产的先进计算机芯片正推动着人工智能热潮的发展。建筑工地上的一所学校。与台湾大部分地区不同，新竹正面临着人口快速增长导致的学校拥挤问题。随着台积电和新竹科学园区附近的居住需求日益增长，竹北的房价已大幅上涨。In northern Hsinchu, an area known as Zhubei, real estate prices have skyrocketed as buyers compete for spots on yearslong waiting lists for new apartments near Hsinchu Science Park, where TSMC has headquarters. Plastic surgery clinics, upscale restaurants and boutique fitness studios have sprung up to serve tech workers flush with A.I. riches.在新竹北部一个名为竹北的地区，随着买家争相加入等候时间长达数年的轮候名单，抢购台积电总部所在地新竹科学园区附近的新公寓，房地产价格已经暴涨。整形诊所、高档餐厅和精品健身房如雨后春笋般涌现，为那些因人工智能获取财富的科技工作者服务。Over the past six years, households near Hsinchu Science Park have reported some of the highest incomes in Taiwan. In one neighborhood, average household incomes exceeded $146,000 in 2023 — about five times Taiwan’s average.过去六年来，新竹科学园区周边家庭的收入一直位列台湾前列。在其中一个里，2023年的家庭综合所得总额平均达460万台币（约合98万人民币）以上——大约是台湾平均水平的五倍。The prosperity has given rise to the so-called Zhuke Mama: a woman whose husband works in the lucrative semiconductor industry, allowing her time for pursuits like going to Pilates classes, shopping for vacation homes in Thailand and managing their children’s academic advancement.这种繁荣催生了所谓的“竹科妈妈”：她们的丈夫在利润丰厚的半导体行业工作，这让她们有时间去上普拉提课、在泰国购买度假屋，管理孩子们的学业发展。16年前，当罗君仪搬到这一带时，这里大多还是农田，开发程度很低。 Lam Yik Fei for The New York TimesWhile the rest of Taiwan and much of East Asia are grappling with a sharp population decline, so many children have been born in Hsinchu in recent years that the schools cannot keep up. Public high schools in the area now admit only students with sufficiently high test scores, a practice that Ms. Lo and a group of mothers have protested. Those who do not make the cut must commute to another school district.当台湾其他地区和东亚大部分地区都在努力应对人口急剧下降的问题时，新竹近年来的出生人口却多到学校都无法满足需求。该地区的公立高中现在只招收考试成绩足够高的学生，罗君仪和一群母亲对这一做法表示抗议。那些未能达到分数线的学生必须通勤到其他学区上学。“The population exploded,” Ms. Lo said. “It became very competitive.”“人口爆炸式增长，”罗君仪说。“竞争变得非常激烈。”Today, Hsinchu is home to more than one million people, and those without ties to the technology industry have largely been priced out. The wealth generated by semiconductors has not translated to wage gains in other industries. While chips are driving record exports, the headline numbers mask a widening divide between those connected to the industry and everyone else.如今，新竹有超过100万人口，那些与科技行业无关的人在很大程度上已经因为高昂的物价被迫迁离。半导体产生的财富并未转化为其他行业的工资增长。虽然芯片正在推动创纪录的出口，但这些亮眼的数字掩盖了产业相关人士与其他人群之间日益扩大的鸿沟。The local shopping mall, Big City, now ranks among Taiwan’s top-performing retail centers. During its big sale last December, it generated more than $100 million in just 12 days, a 6 percent increase from the year before, according to Alex Ro, a general manager.当地的大型购物中心巨城现在跻身台湾业绩最好的零售中心之列。据总经理罗仕清称，在去年12月的大促销期间，商城在短短12天内就创造了超过台币32亿元（约6.8亿人民币）的销售额，比前一年增长了6%。The mall is a temple catering to Hsinchu’s nouveau riche, with a Tesla showroom on the first floor, feet away from an Apple Store. At Brooks Brothers, some suits cost nearly $1,500 — more than the monthly salary of most retail workers.这家商场堪称迎合新竹新贵的圣殿，一楼设有特斯拉展厅，几步之外就是一家苹果商店。在布克兄弟专卖店，一些西装售价将近1500美元——超过了大多数零售员工的月薪。巨城购物中心堪称专为新竹新贵打造的圣殿，一楼设有一家特斯拉展厅。在该购物中心的高端店铺中，有布克兄弟专卖店，那里有些西装的价格接近1500美元——比大多数零售业员工的月薪还要高。居住在新竹科学园区周边的人们家庭收入位居台湾前列。Several times a year, chip company engineers receive bonuses worth several months’ pay. That’s when they show up at Lin Ping-yang’s real estate office.芯片公司的工程师每年都会获得几次相当于数个月工资的分红。这时，他们就会出现在林品扬的不动产办公室里。“My clients often tell me they don’t know what to do with their bonuses,” Mr. Lin said. “So they either buy a new car or use the money as a down payment on a house.”“客户时常在讲说，有时分红分下来也不知道干嘛，”林品扬说。“拿去要么直接买全新的车子，要么直接当房子的头期款。”Over the past 10 years, home prices in Zhubei have doubled, he said.他说，在过去10年里，竹北的房价翻了一番。The success of Hu Han-yen’s family mirrors the transformation of Hsinchu.胡汉䶮家族的成功反映了新竹的转型。Forty years ago, his father’s construction crane company, Chi Deh Crane Engineering, helped build some of the earliest factories in Hsinchu Science Park, including TSMC’s first manufacturing plant.40年前，他父亲的建筑起重机公司——启德机械起重工程公司——协助建造了新竹科学园区最早的一批工厂，其中包括台积电的第一家制造厂。At the time, Taiwan’s semiconductor industry was little more than a government-funded experiment. Companies that needed chips had to bear the enormous cost of manufacturing them, requiring constant investment in new technology. But TSMC transformed the industry by offering a different model: Customers would design the chips, and TSMC would manufacture them.当时，台湾的半导体产业只不过是一项由政府资助的实验。需要芯片的公司必须承担制造芯片的巨额成本，这需要对新技术进行不断投资。但是，台积电通过提供一种不同的模式改变了该行业：客户设计芯片，而台积电负责制造。胡汉龑在办公室里。他的公司曾参与建设台湾一些最重要的芯片工厂。启德机械起重工程公司的总部，这家公司是由胡汉䶮的父亲创办的。启德目前负责运输荷兰公司阿斯麦的精密设备，这些设备对台湾的芯片产业至关重要。Mr. Hu bet that the fledgling industry would need far more than just a few factories. He invested his family’s savings to import massive cranes capable of building factories, airports and skyscrapers.胡汉䶮预见到这个羽翼未丰的行业需要的将远不止几家工厂。他投入了家族的积蓄，进口了能够建造工厂、机场和摩天大楼的大型起重机。Now, Chi Deh is trusted to transport the complex, highly calibrated machines made by the Dutch company ASML that help give Taiwan its edge in chip manufacturing.如今，启德公司备受信任，负责运输由荷兰公司阿斯麦制造的高度精密复杂机器，这些机器帮助台湾在芯片制造领域保持优势。Mr. Hu became known for his flamboyant style, wearing brightly patterned floral prints and posting photos of himself alongside his cranes on social media. To celebrate his success, he built his family business an elaborate office on the outskirts of Hsinchu. The building borrows from the colonnaded grandeur of Versailles, its stark white facade lending it an air of presidential authority. Inside, cabinets are filled with contemporary art and jeroboams of prized kaoliang, a Taiwanese sorghum liquor.胡汉䶮以其张扬的风格而闻名，他穿着图案鲜艳的印花服装，并在社交媒体上发布自己与起重机的合影。为了庆祝自己的成功，他在新竹郊区为家族企业建造了一座精心设计的办公楼。这座建筑借鉴了凡尔赛宫柱廊的宏伟气势，纯白色的外墙赋予它一种总统般的权威感。在室内，陈列柜里摆满了当代艺术品和大瓶装的台湾特产名贵高粱酒。“This place used to be a desolate wasteland,” Mr. Hu said. “It’s completely different now, a complete transformation.”“这边以前荒凉一片，”胡汉䶮说。“现在完全不一样，360度大改观了。”Amy Chang Chien是《纽约时报》记者/研究员，常驻台北，报道台湾和中国新闻。Meaghan Tobin是时报科技记者，常驻台北，报道亚洲地区的商业和科技新闻，重点关注中国。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site