Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) belong to the malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system that occur primarily in older adults. In patients with MDS, blood formation in bone marrow is impaired. Medical care therefore typically focuses on blood counts and the treatment of the resulting anemia and other changes in the blood profile; some patients also require regular blood transfusions. Until now, bone health has received less attention in cases of MDS.