DAVID PIERSON, IVAN NECHEPURENKO2026年5月21日俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京与中国领导人习近平在周三于北京人民大会堂检阅仪仗队。 Pool photo by Maxim ShemetovLess than a week after holding talks with President Trump, China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, met with President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia in Beijing on Wednesday, casting the two countries’ relationship as a stabilizing force in a world thrown into tumult by the United States.在与特朗普总统举行会谈后不到一周，中国最高领导人习近平周三在北京会见了俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京，将两国关系塑造成在一个被美国推入动荡的世界中的稳定力量。“The tide of unilateral hegemony is running rampant,” Mr. Xi said to Mr. Putin, according to Chinese state media. It was an oblique reference to the United States, which this year launched a war in Iran and violently seized the leader of Venezuela.据中国官方媒体报道，习近平对普京说，“单边霸权逆流横行。”这是在暗指今年发动了对伊朗的战争、并暴力抓捕了委内瑞拉领导人的美国。Speaking to Mr. Putin inside the Great Hall of the People, Mr. Xi called for a “complete cessation of hostilities” in the Middle East, warning that it would be “unacceptable” if fighting renewed. The Trump administration has been considering relaunching strikes, which have been paused since a cease-fire was announced last month, to force Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz.习近平在人民大会堂内对普京发表讲话时，呼吁在中东“全面止战”，并警告称重启冲突将是“不可取”的。特朗普政府一直在考虑重启自上个月宣布停火以来已暂停的打击行动，以迫使伊朗重新开放霍尔木兹海峡。Mr. Xi acknowledged the pain the crisis is inflicting on China, which relies on the strategic waterway for about 40 percent of its oil imports. There is also growing concern that Iran’s ongoing shutdown of the strait could devastate global trade, the chief engine of China’s economy.习近平承认这场危机给中国带来的痛苦，中国大约40%的石油进口依赖这一战略水道。人们也越来越担心，伊朗持续关闭该海峡可能会重创作为中国经济主要引擎的全球贸易。“An early end to the conflict would help reduce disruptions to energy supply stability, the smooth operation of industrial and supply chains, and international trade order,” Mr. Xi said.习近平说：“战事尽早平息有助于减少对能源供应稳定、产业链供应链畅通和国际贸易秩序的干扰。”普京与习近平周三出席了在北京人民大会堂举行的仪式。习近平称赞两国关系进入了“更有作为、更快发展的新阶段”。 Maxim Shemetov/ReutersThe two countries were eager to show they had enhanced ties. Mr. Xi hailed “a new phase of more active engagement and faster development” between the two countries.两国急于展示他们强化了彼此的纽带。习近平赞扬两国关系进入了“更有作为、更快发展的新阶段”。Mr. Putin was equally effusive and opened his remarks to Mr. Xi — whom he again called “my dear friend” — with a Chinese proverb expressing longing: “One day apart feels like three autumns.”普京同样热情洋溢，他在向习近平——他再次称其为“我亲爱的朋友”——致开场白时，引用了一句表达思念的中国谚语：“一日不见，如隔三秋。”The Russian leader also signaled that his relationship with Mr. Xi remained close, noting that they “constantly seek to coordinate our positions.” He cast the two countries as equals working together to forge “a more just and democratic world order.”这位俄罗斯领导人还表明他与习近平的关系依然密切，指出他们“不断深化战略协作”。他将两国描绘为致力于共同构建“更加公正民主的世界秩序”的平等伙伴。“A difficult process of shaping a polycentric world based on a balance of interests of all countries is underway,” Mr. Putin said, likely referring to what he argues is the erosion of U.S. global dominance.普京说：“一个基于所有国家利益平衡的多极世界正在艰难地形成中，”这很可能是指他所认为的美国全球主导地位的削弱。But beneath that show of solidarity lies an uneven relationship. Russia has become increasingly dependent on China since launching an invasion of Ukraine four years ago that has turned into a costly stalemate, as Russian soldiers struggle to gain ground and the country’s economy falters.但在这种团结的表象之下，隐藏着一种不对等的关系。自从四年前发动对乌克兰的入侵并陷入代价高昂的僵局以来，俄罗斯对中国的依赖日益加深，俄罗斯士兵正艰难地争取地面进展，而该国的经济也在衰退。Russia also relies heavily on China for dual-use technologies — civilian capabilities that can be applied to the battlefield. Mr. Putin will want to ensure that China maintains that supply.俄罗斯在两用技术（可应用于战场的民用能力）上也严重依赖中国。普京希望确保中国维持这一供应。At the same time, the oil shortage caused by the war in Iran has only enhanced Russia’s position as an energy supplier to China. Mr. Putin stressed that Russia “remains a reliable supplier of resources amid the Middle East crisis, while China acts as a responsible consumer of these resources.”与此同时，因伊朗战争导致的石油短缺反倒巩固了俄罗斯作为中国能源供应商的地位。普京强调，俄罗斯“在中东危机中仍是可靠的资源供应商，而中国则是这些资源的负责任消费者”。Mr. Putin, who is traveling with Russian energy executives, has been urging China for years to agree to open another major gas pipeline between the two countries. Known as Power of Siberia 2, the pipeline would link Siberian extraction sites with northwest China through Mongolia. Beijing is concerned the pipeline would make China too dependent on one nation for energy supplies. The project has been stalled amid disputes over key details, including how much China will pay for the gas.与俄罗斯能源高管同行访问的普京多年来一直敦促中国同意开通另一条连接两国的重要天然气管道。这条被称为“西伯利亚力量2号”的管道将通过蒙古，将西伯利亚的开采点与中国西北地区连接起来。北京担心该管道会使中国在能源供应上过于依赖单一国家。由于在关键细节上存在争议（包括中国将为天然气支付多少费用），该项目一直停滞不前。No agreement was signed on the proposed pipeline on Wednesday. Dmitri S. Peskov, the Kremlin spokesman, said that “some nuances still need to be agreed upon.”周三，双方未就拟建的管道签署任何协议。克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·S·佩斯科夫表示，“一些细节仍需要达成一致”。The two countries did sign more than 40 documents, according to the Kremlin, the highlight of which seemed to be a joint declaration on “the emergence of a multipolar world and a new type of international relations.”据克里姆林宫称，两国确实签署了40多份文件，其中的亮点似乎是一份关于“世界多极化和新型国际关系”的联合声明。That document was heavy on lofty rhetoric laying out a vision of a post-U.S.-led world order that promises nations more equality and “mutual respect” — even as those stated ideals clash sharply with Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine and Beijing’s aggressive muscle-flexing across Asia.该文件充斥着浮夸的措辞，描绘了一个非美国主导的未来世界秩序的愿景，承诺各国享有更多的平等和“相互尊重”——即便这些宣称的理想与莫斯科对乌克兰的入侵以及北京在亚洲各地的强势肌肉外交形成了鲜明的对比。Mr. Putin seemed to offer a glimpse of how he might want that world to look. Speaking to a Chinese engineer whom he had met during his first visit to China in 2000, Mr. Putin told him: “We are ready to cooperate with all partners around the world, including the United States. We discussed this with President Xi today.”普京似乎让人窥见了他所希望看到的那个世界的样貌。在与一位他在2000年首次访问中国时结识的中国工程师交谈时，普京告诉他：“我们愿意与世界上所有的伙伴合作，包括美国。我们今天与习近平主席讨论了这一点。”The remark hinted at a vision in which Washington, Beijing and Moscow operate as great, equal powers managing the world among themselves rather than one in which the United States dominates the rest.这一言论暗示了一种愿景，即华盛顿、北京和莫斯科作为平等的超级大国共同管理世界，而不是由美国主导其他国家。“The recent interactions among the three major powers have indeed raised the possibility that the cooperation between China and Russia could provide some new space for the involvement of the United States,” said Zhang Xin, a professor at the Russian Studies Center of the East China Normal University.华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心教授张昕表示：“三大国之间最近的互动确实增加了这样一种可能性，即中俄之间的合作可以为美国的参与提供一些新的空间。”“The construction of a multipolar world does not necessarily exclude the United States; what it rejects is specific hegemonic behaviors,” he said.他说：“多极世界的构建并不一定排除美国；它所排斥的是具体的霸权行为。”Yuri Ushakov, Mr. Putin’s foreign policy aide, said that Mr. Putin and Mr. Trump might meet in the Chinese city of Shenzhen in November, presumably on the sidelines of a regional economic forum. Mr. Ushakov also said that Russia was expecting Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner, Mr. Trump’s special envoys for peace talks, in Russia in “the coming weeks.”普京的外交政策助理尤里·乌沙科夫表示，普京与特朗普可能会于11月在中国城市深圳会面，大概是在一个区域经济论坛的边会上。乌沙科夫还表示，俄罗斯预计特朗普的和平谈判特使史蒂夫·威特科夫和贾里德·库什纳将在“未来几周内”到访俄罗斯。一张由俄罗斯国家媒体提供的照片显示，周二抵达北京的普京得到中国外交部长王毅的迎接。Indeed, even as Mr. Xi deepens ties with Mr. Putin, he has invested heavily in courting Mr. Trump, whose tariffs, technology restrictions and support for Taiwan can hurt Beijing’s interests. The Chinese reception of both Mr. Trump and Mr. Putin reflected the balancing act Mr. Xi is striking.事实上，即使在深化与普京的关系的同时，习近平也在拉拢特朗普方面投入了大量精力，因为特朗普的关税、技术限制以及对台湾的支持可能会损害北京的利益。中方对特朗普和普京两人的接待反映了习近平正在努力维持的平衡之举。Mr. Putin’s red carpet welcome was similar to Mr. Trump’s, featuring an honor guard inspection, a 21-gun salute and a group of cheering children.普京受到的红地毯欢迎仪式与特朗普相似，包括检阅仪仗队、21响礼炮和一群欢呼的儿童。While Mr. Trump had been greeted at the airport by Han Zheng, China’s vice president, Mr. Putin was met by China’s top diplomat, Wang Yi. Yun Sun, director of the China program at the Stimson Center in Washington, said that in her view, Mr. Han was the more senior official, but Mr. Wang played a more active role in foreign policy.前往机场迎接特朗普的是中国国家副主席韩正，而迎接普京的则是中国最高外交官王毅。位于华盛顿的斯廷森中心中国项目主任孙韵表示，在她看来，韩正的级别更高，但王毅在外交政策上扮演着更活跃的角色。During last week’s summit with Mr. Trump, Mr. Xi was friendly, despite the frequent tensions between the United States and China. Mr. Xi took Mr. Trump inside the secretive Chinese leadership compound in Beijing known as Zhongnanhai on Friday, and seemed to signal that he was being granted rare access.在上周与特朗普举行峰会期间，尽管中美之间经常关系紧张，习近平仍表现得十分友好。周五在北京，习近平将特朗普带进了被称为“中南海”的隐秘中国领导人驻地，似乎在暗示他获得了罕见礼遇。Mr. Trump asked Mr. Xi if he had hosted other world leaders there.特朗普问习近平是否在这里接待过其他世界领导人。“Very rarely,” Mr. Xi said. “For example, Putin has been here.”“极少，”习近平说。“比如说，普京来过。”Ivan Nechepurenko和Valerie Hopkins自莫斯科、Berry Wang自香港对本文有报道贡献。 David Pierson报道中国外交政策和中国与世界的经济与文化交互。他从事新闻工作已超过20年。Paul Sonne是一名国际新闻记者，报道俄罗斯新闻和普京的国内和国际政策产生的一系列影响，主要关注乌克兰战争。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site