郭莉莉2026年7月6日周四傍晚，一名西藏活动人士在纽约联合国总部外点火自焚。他此前曾表示：“我这么做是为了西藏的独立，为了西藏的抗争。” Daniel Slim/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesA Tibetan activist lit himself on fire and outside of the United Nations headquarters in New York on Thursday to protest China’s control over his homeland, declaring in a video before his self-immolation that Beijing’s policies were “destroying the Tibetan people.” He later died.周四，一名西藏活动人士在纽约联合国总部外自焚，以抗议中国对其家乡的控制。他在自焚前录制的一段视频中表示，北京的政策正在“毁灭西藏人民”。他在自焚后不治身亡。Friends of the activist identified him as Lobsang Palden, known as Lobga Rangzen, a 52-year-old resident of Queens. Originally from eastern Tibet, Lobga Rangzen had been an advocate of Tibetan independence for more than a decade.这名活动人士的朋友确认，他是52岁的洛桑巴登，又名洛嘎让赞，居住在纽约皇后区。洛嘎让赞出生于西藏东部，十多年来一直是西藏独立的倡导者。The police said that around 6:30 p.m. on Thursday they responded to a call for help at East 42nd Street and 1st Avenue, next to the U.N. headquarters, where they found a man with severe burns throughout his body. He was taken to Bellevue Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.警方表示，周四下午6点30分左右，他们接到报警后，赶赴联合国总部旁的东42街和第一大道交叉口，发现了一名全身严重烧伤的男子。他被送往贝尔维尤医院，在那里被宣告死亡。Lobga Rangzen appeared to have recorded his self-immolation on a livestream on his own Facebook page, which was verified by a friend of his. In it, he could be seen walking across a street outside of the U.N. building with a large Tibetan flag. Moments after he erected the flag on a street corner, he lit himself on fire. He stepped on to the street as his body was engulfed in flames then collapsed on the ground. (The video was later taken down.)根据友人证实，洛嘎让赞似乎在自己的Facebook页面上直播了自焚过程。视频中，可以看到他手持一面巨大的西藏旗帜，穿过了联合国大楼外的一条街道。将旗帜立于街角后不久，他即点火自焚。火焰将他的身体吞噬，他走上马路，随后倒地。（该视频后来被删除。）In another video posted on his Facebook page also on Thursday, Lobga Rangzen called on his compatriots in exile to unite and do more to fight for Tibet’s independence. He hinted that he planned a demonstration that day and said that it was purely for political reasons.周四，他还在Facebook上发布了另一段视频，呼吁流亡海外的藏人团结起来，为西藏独立做出更多努力。他暗示自己当天将进行示威，并表示此举完全出于政治原因。“So if I do a big action today, I want you to know it is not for any personal reason. It is not because I have nothing to eat or nothing to wear, but because I am doing this for my country. For the Tibetan nation,” he said.“因此，如果我今天采取一个重大的行动，我希望你们知道，这不是出于任何个人原因。不是因为我没有吃的、没有穿的，而是为了西藏的独立，为了西藏的抗争。”从社交媒体视频截取的照片显示，洛嘎让赞周四在联合国总部附近手持一面西藏旗帜。片刻之后，他点火自焚。The protest took place a day after China implemented a new “ethnic unity” law that requires Mandarin be the main language of instruction in schools and includes other measures aimed at assimilating minorities such as Tibetans and Uyghurs into China’s mainstream Han Chinese majority.此次抗议发生的前一天，中国实施了新的《民族团结促进法》。该法律要求将普通话作为学校的主要教学语言，并采取其他措施，让包括藏族和维吾尔族在内的少数民族进一步融入中国以汉族为主体的主流社会。Since 2009, there have been more than 150 self-immolations of Tibetans in China in protest of Beijing’s hard-line campaign against what it sees as Tibetan separatism. The Communist Party has placed the region of Tibet and neighboring Tibetan areas under close security, tightly controlled its monks and monasteries and emphasized the teaching of Mandarin Chinese over Tibetan.自2009年以来，已有150多名藏人在中国境内自焚，以抗议北京针对其眼中的“西藏分裂主义”所采取的强硬打压政策。中共对西藏及周边藏区实施严密的安全管控，对僧侣和寺院进行严格管理，将普通话教育置于藏语教育之上。The self-immolations in China were initially carried out by monks, but nomads, farmers and others also began staging the protest. They were so frequent that in 2012, the top human rights official at the United Nations at the time, Navi Pillay, criticized China for the suppression of Tibetan rights, saying that it had driven them to “desperate forms of protest.” Ms. Pillay appealed to Tibetans to seek other ways of expressing their feelings and urged China to allow them to do so without retribution.最初，在中国境内自焚的主要是僧侣，但后来牧民、农民和其他群体也开始采取这种抗议方式。这类事件发生得如此频繁，以至于在2012年，时任联合国人权事务高级专员纳维·皮莱批评中国压制西藏人的权利，并表示这种情况已迫使他们采取“绝望的抗议形式”。她呼吁藏人以其他方式表达自己的感受，同时敦促中国允许他们这样做而不进行打压。Even as the self-immolations became central to the Tibetan protest movement, some Tibetans were anguished over the deaths of their young men and women and asked how the acts reconciled with Buddhist teachings. The Dalai Lama, the Tibetan spiritual leader, has described the religious issues surrounding the self-immolations as “very, very complicated.”尽管自焚成为了西藏抗议运动的核心，但一些藏人也对年轻男女的死亡感到痛心，并质疑这些行为如何与佛教教义相调和。西藏精神领袖达赖喇嘛曾形容围绕自焚的宗教问题“非常、非常复杂”。Lobga Rangzen’s protest marks the first known self-immolation of a Tibetan in the United States, according to Tenzin Dorjee, director of research and advocacy at Tibet Action Institute, who was a friend of the activist. He said that Lobga Rangzen’s clarity and calm during his last statement suggested he had been planning this action for a while.西藏行动中心的研究与倡导负责人、洛嘎让赞的朋友丹增多吉表示，这是藏人在美国境内已知的首例自焚。他说，洛嘎让赞在遗言中的清晰思路和冷静态度表明，他已为这一行动酝酿筹划了相当一段时间。Tenzin Dorjee described his friend as a central member of the Tibetan community in New York, helping with cultural events and participating in countless demonstrations. “He would come to every single protest rally we ever organized,” he said.丹增多吉形容他的朋友是纽约藏人社区的核心成员，帮助组织文化活动并参与了多次示威。“我们组织的每一次抗议集会，他都会出现，”他说。“For him, there was no other goal or value in life that was higher than national liberation,” he said. “That was the singular thing that occupied and preoccupied him.”“对他来说，人生中没有任何目标或价值能凌驾于民族解放之上，”他说。“这是占据并主宰他内心的唯一信念。”According to Jamyang Norbu, a Tibetan writer and another friend of Lobga Rangzen, the activist was born in the Kham region of Tibet and went into exile in the 1980s. He attended a Tibetan monastery in India before moving to the United States, where he worked in construction and eventually became a cab driver.据藏族作家、洛嘎让赞的另一位朋友嘉央诺布介绍，这位活动人士出生于西藏康区，于20世纪80年代流亡海外。他先在印度的一座藏传佛教寺院修行，后移居美国，在建筑行业工作，最终成为一名出租车司机。Jamyang Norbu said that Lobga Rangzen had a brother in China who had been imprisoned.嘉央诺布还说，洛嘎让赞有一个兄弟在国内曾经入狱。On Thursday night, hundreds of demonstrators gathered outside of the U.N. building to commemorate Lobga Rangzen, according to Jamyang Norbu, who was at the rally. It was evidence of his friend’s popularity, as someone who frequently helped people with odd jobs.嘉央诺布说，周四晚间，数百名示威者聚集在联合国大楼外，悼念洛嘎让赞。当时他本人也在现场。他说，这足以证明自己的朋友人缘好，因为他经常帮助别人做些零散杂活。“He was funny, he was generous,” he said of his friend.“他很风趣，也很慷慨，”他这样评价自己的朋友。The presence of the demonstrators embodied Lobga Rangzen’s hope that the community would unite, overcoming differences over how to deal with Beijing. Some Tibetan activists support negotiating with the Chinese government for greater autonomy, rather than full independence.示威者的聚集体现了洛嘎让赞的遗愿，即藏人社区应该团结一致，克服在如何应对北京问题上的分歧。一些西藏活动人士主张与中国政府谈判以获得更大的自治权，而非谋求完全独立。“He drew a line in the sand here today. He’s saying unless you hold out for Tibetan independence, there’s no hope at all,” Jamyang Norbu said.“他今天在这里划下了底线，他是在说：除非坚持西藏独立，否则根本没有任何希望，”嘉央诺布表示。Tenzin Dorjee said that the last time he spoke with the activist was by phone in June, while he was hosting a fund-raiser in Queens. Lobga Rangzen called just as the event was wrapping up, apologizing that he could not make it but asking Tenzin Dorjee to call an Uber for an elderly man who had come but did not know how to order a car.丹增多吉说，他最后一次与洛嘎让赞通话是在6月，当时他正在皇后区主持一场筹款活动。活动接近尾声时，洛嘎让赞打来电话，为自己未能赶到而道歉，随后请求丹增多吉为现场一位不知如何叫车的老人叫一辆优步。“This is who he is, helping people all the time,” Tenzin said.“这就是他，总是在帮助别人，”丹增说道。Claire Fahy自纽约对本文有报道贡献。郭莉莉(Lily Kuo)是《纽约时报》报道中国记者，常驻台北。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site