VICTORIA KIM, 储百亮2026年7月6日China test fired an long-range ballistic missile with a dummy warhead in the Pacific Ocean on Monday, the first such launch in two years.周一，中国在太平洋试射了一枚携载有模拟弹头的远程弹道导弹，这是两年来的首次此类发射。The missile was launched from a Chinese nuclear-powered submarine and sent a “mock warhead” into the Pacific Ocean, according to a report from Xinhua, China’s official news agency.据中国官方通讯社新华社报道，这枚导弹由一艘中国核动力潜艇发射，将一枚“模拟弹头”送入太平洋。“The missile landed accurately in the designated area,” the report said. The test launch at 12:01 p.m. Beijing time, Xinhua said, was “not directed against any specific country or target.”报道称，导弹“准确落入预定海域。”新华社表示，此次试射于北京时间中午12点01分进行，“不针对任何特定国家和目标”。It was not immediately clear where the missile landed. The launch came as the leaders of Australia and Fiji announced a mutual defense treaty and a regional security alliance, the latest in a string of agreements Canberra has been striking in with Pacific Island nations widely viewed as efforts to push back against China’s encroachment in the region.目前尚不清楚导弹具体落入何处。此次发射之际，正值澳大利亚和斐济领导人宣布签署相互防御条约并建立区域安全联盟。这是堪培拉近来与太平洋岛国达成的一系列协议中的最新一项，这些举措被广泛视为旨在抵制中国在该地区的势力扩张。Governments in the region were warned of the launch shortly beforehand.该地区各国政府在发射前不久接到了预警。The previous test in September 2024, when China fired an intercontinental ballistic missile carrying a dummy warhead across the Pacific Ocean into waters near French Polynesia, drew alarm from countries in the region. It marked the first time in more than four decades that China had publicly announced testing an ICBM in the Pacific region.上一次试射是在2024年9月，当时中国发射了一枚携带模拟弹头的洲际弹道导弹，越过太平洋落入法属波利尼西亚附近水域，引起了该地区国家的警觉。这是40多年来，中国首次公开宣布在太平洋地区试射洲际弹道导弹(ICBM)。2024年9月由官方媒体发布的照片显示，中国人民解放军火箭军向太平洋发射了一枚搭载模拟弹头的洲际弹道导弹。Winston Peters, New Zealand’s foreign minister, said in a statement the country was “deeply concerned” and that the test seemed to be part of “a recurring pattern by China.”新西兰外交部长温斯顿·彼得斯在声明中表示，新西兰对此“深表关切”，并且此次试射似乎是“中国反复出现的行为模式”的一部分。“New Zealand considers this an unwelcome and concerning development. We, like our neighbors in other Pacific countries, have no interest in China using the South Pacific as a testing site for missile capability,” he said.“新西兰认为这是一个不受欢迎且令人担忧的事态发展。与其他太平洋岛国邻国一样，我们不希望看到中国将南太平洋作为导弹能力的试验场，”他说。Australia’s foreign minister, Penny Wong, called the test “destabilizing to the region” and that it was “in the context of a rapid military buildup by China, which is lacking in the transparency and reassurance as to intent that the region expects.”澳大利亚外交部长黄英贤称此次试射“破坏了该地区的稳定”，并表示这发生在“中国军事力量快速扩张的背景下，而这种扩张缺乏本地区所期望的透明度和对意图的保证。”The Japanese government said in a statement on Monday that it had “conveyed its serious concern regarding the intensification of China’s military activities.” Japan had urged China to reconsider the launch, the statement said.日本政府在周一的声明中表示，日方已“就中国不断加强的军事活动表达了严重关切”。声明称，日本曾敦促中国重新考虑此次发射。In its announcement on Monday, the Chinese government did not specify the type of missile it tested.在周一发布的公告中，中国政府并未说明试射的导弹型号。Jeffrey Lewis, a scholar at Middlebury College in Vermont who studies China’s nuclear weapons modernization, said that he thought the Chinese military was most likely testing the JL-3, a new generation ICBM that is designed to be launched from submarines.佛蒙特州明德学院研究中国核武器现代化进程的学者杰弗里·刘易斯表示，他认为中国军方最有可能试射的是巨浪-3(JL-3)，这是一种设计用于从潜艇发射的新一代洲际弹道导弹。China displayed the JL-3 missile at a military parade in Beijing last year, part of its growing array of nuclear weapons.去年，中国在北京举行的阅兵式上展示了巨浪-3导弹，这是其日益壮大的核武库的一部分。The latest test suggested that China’s test launches of nuclear-capable weapons will accelerate in coming years, said Mr. Lewis.刘易斯表示，最新这次试射表明，中国在未来几年将加快具备核打击能力武器的试射。“It suggests a new era of testing where every system will get its moment in the sun,” he said, referring to China’s growing array of new nuclear-capable missiles.“这预示着一个新的测试时代，每种系统都有机会大放异彩，”他说，他指的是中国日益扩大的新型具备核能力导弹阵列。“The Chinese have historically tested their ICBMs less than other countries,” Mr. Lewis said, referring to intercontinental ballistic missiles. “I think that was political and now those politics have changed and I think they’re adopting an approach of testing more. They’re willing to pay the political costs of that in a way that they weren’t in the past.”“从历史上看，中国试射洲际弹道导弹的次数比其他国家少，”刘易斯说。“我认为这曾是出于政治考虑，但现在政治环境已经发生了变化，我想他们正在采取一种进行更多测试的策略。他们现在愿意为此付出政治代价，而在过去他们是不愿这么做的。”The 2024 test most likely involved a DF-31 road-mobile missile that was launched from Hainan, an island province in southern China, according to an analysis published by the Federation of American Scientists.美国科学家联合会发表的分析报告指出，2024年的试射极有可能涉及一枚从中国南方岛屿省份海南发射的东风-31(DF-31)公路机动导弹。Laura Chung和赫海威(Javier C. Hernández)对本文有报道贡献。Victoria Kim是时报驻澳大利亚记者，常驻悉尼，报道澳大利亚、新西兰和泛太平洋地区新闻。储百亮(Chris Buckley)是《纽约时报》首席中国记者，自台北报道中国和台湾问题，重点关注政治、社会变革以及安全和军事问题。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。