艾莎2026年9月29日洛杉矶港。华盛顿列出的可享受关税降低的进口商品清单包括圣诞玩具和装饰品，北京列出的清单则包括农产品和医疗器械。 Mario Tama/Getty ImagesChina and the United States have agreed to lower tariffs on $60 billion worth of goods, from fishing hooks to medical devices, following a visit to Washington last week by China’s top leader, Xi Jinping.在中国最高领导人习近平上周访问华盛顿之后，中美两国已同意降低价值600亿美元商品的关税，涉及商品涵盖从鱼钩到医疗设备等多个领域。The world’s two biggest economies announced separate lists of nonsensitive goods worth $30 billion each that they planned to cut tariffs on, in a bid to ease economic tensions.为了缓解经济紧张局势，这两个全球最大的经济体分别宣布了各自价值300亿美元的非敏感商品清单，计划对这些商品降低关税。Washington’s list of Chinese imports eligible for reduced tariffs contained 77 items, including Christmas toys and ornaments, hunting and recreational goods such as fishing hooks and skeet targets, tableware and home appliances, and car seats.华盛顿公布的有资格获得减免关税的中国进口商品清单包含77项，包括圣诞玩具和装饰品，鱼钩和双向飞碟靶等狩猎和休闲用品，餐具和家用电器，以及汽车座椅。Beijing’s list had 1,619 products, including frozen meat from primates and reptiles, live animals such as whales and dugongs, agricultural products including corn and vegetables, and medical devices like X-ray machines, pacemakers, ultrasound equipment and surgical robots.北京的清单上包括1619种产品，包括灵长类动物和爬行动物的冷冻肉，鲸鱼和儒艮等活体动物，玉米和蔬菜等农产品，以及X光机、心脏起搏器、超声波设备和手术机器人等医疗设备。Missing from both countries’ lists, unveiled on Sunday, were raw materials and products each side deems sensitive, including rare earth minerals and technologies critical to advancing artificial intelligence. Some of those products are now subject to export controls.在周日公布的两国清单中都没有包含各自认为敏感的原材料和产品，包括稀土矿物和对推进人工智能发展至关重要的技术。其中部分产品目前受到出口管制。The promise to lower tariffs on a wide range of goods is the most meaningful gesture yet from both countries to show that they are making sincere efforts to improve relations, which have reached new lows over the past year. Following President Trump’s revival of the U.S. coal industry, China will import at least 10 million metric tons of coal from the United States in 2027 and again 2028.降低各类商品关税的承诺是两国迄今为止最具有实质意义的举措，表明双方正在真诚努力改善过去一年中跌至新低的双边关系。随着特朗普总统重振美国煤炭工业，中国将在2027年及2028年再次从美国进口至少1000万公吨煤炭。Jamieson Greer, the U.S. trade representative, described the lowered tariffs as part of a new Board of Trade between the two countries that would provide better market access for 30 percent of U.S. exports to China “while benefiting consumers with imports from China.” President Trump is eager to ease pressure on farmers ahead of the upcoming midterm elections and may also be concerned about the inflationary impact of tariffs during the Christmas shopping season.美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔表示，降低关税是两国新成立的贸易委员会框架下的一项举措，该委员会将为30%的美国对华出口商品提供更好的市场准入，“同时让消费者从中国进口商品中受益”。特朗普总统迫切希望在即将到来的中期选举前减轻农民的压力，并且可能还担心关税在圣诞购物季期间带来的通胀影响。In a statement, China’s Ministry of Commerce said the effort would “help to stabilize China-U.S. trade” and “strengthen trade cooperation” in areas such as agricultural and consumer goods.中国商务部在声明中表示，此举将“有助于稳定中美贸易”，“加强”双方在农产品和消费品等领域的“贸易合作”。Ahead of talks between Mr. Xi and Mr. Trump last week, China agreed to extend a trade truce by two months. The pact was reached in South Korea last year after a brief but punishing tit-for-tat tariff war that led China to cut off the flow of rare earths that the United States needs for cars and weapons.在上周习近平与特朗普举行会谈之前，中国同意将贸易休战协议延长两个月。该协议于去年在韩国达成，此前双方曾爆发一场短暂但代价高昂的报复性关税战，导致中国切断了美国制造汽车和武器所需的稀土供应。In broader trade negotiations, the Trump administration has been focused on reducing the trade deficit with China. After Mr. Trump met with Mr. Xi in Beijing in May, the United States said China had agreed to sharply increase its purchases of American agricultural goods. So far, however, that pledge has not translated into meaningful buying.在更广泛的贸易谈判中，特朗普政府一直专注于减少对华贸易逆差。今年5月特朗普在北京与习近平会晤后，美国表示中国已同意大幅增加购买美国农产品。然而到目前为止，这一承诺尚未转化为实质性的采购。Murphy Zhao对本文有报道贡献。艾莎(Alexandra Stevenson)是《纽约时报》上海分社社长，报道中国经济和社会新闻。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。