MAX KIM2026年7月22日The Philippine military accused China’s coast guard of injuring one of its sailors in a scuffle that broke out on Monday in the South China Sea, where the two countries have been locked in a decades-long territorial dispute.菲律宾军方指控中国海警在周一于南中国海发生的一场冲突中打伤了一名菲律宾水兵。因领土争议，中菲两国在这一海域已对峙数十年。The episode began when an inflatable Chinese coast guard boat approached the Sierra Madre, a beached World War II-era warship that the Philippines uses as a military outpost in a disputed reef, and lashed out at the Philippine sailors who approached in a boat to chase them away, the Armed Forces of the Philippines said in a statement.菲律宾武装部队在声明中表示，事件始于一艘中国海警充气艇驶近“马德雷山”号——这是一艘搁浅在争议礁石上的二战时期军舰，菲律宾将其用作军事哨所——并对乘船靠近试图驱离他们的菲律宾海军人员进行了攻击。The statement added that a Philippine sailor had been struck on the head with a wooden baton in the ensuing struggle, necessitating medical care.声明还称，在随后发生的冲突中，一名菲律宾水兵头部遭木棍击中，需要接受医疗救治。The Philippines’ Department of National Defense decried the incident as another act of “harassment” by the Chinese coast guard that added to a “pattern of provocative and hostile behavior,” in a statement of Monday. “We simply cannot trust this belligerent neighbor.”菲律宾国防部在周一的声明中谴责该事件是中国海警的又一次“骚扰”行为，进一步体现了其“挑衅和敌对行为模式”。声明写道：“我们根本无法信任这个好战的邻国。”The Chinese coast guard has disputed that version of events, saying that the Philippine sailors rammed their patrol boat first before attacking its personnel with “oars, long sticks, and other tools.”中国海警则对菲律宾方面的说法提出异议，称菲律宾水兵首先驾船冲撞中国海警巡逻艇，随后又使用“划桨、长棍等工具”攻击中方人员。Accusing the Philippines of spreading propaganda, China’s foreign ministry said it had summoned the Philippine ambassador in Beijing over the incident, according to a statement published by state media on Tuesday. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. of the Philippines has done the same to China’s ambassador in Manila.根据中国官方媒体周二发布的声明，中国外交部指责菲律宾散布虚假宣传，并表示已就此事召见菲律宾驻华大使。菲律宾总统费迪南德·马科斯也召见了中国驻菲律宾大使。While several countries have longstanding territorial claims in the South China Sea, the dispute between China and the Philippines, a U.S. treaty ally, has been the most fraught.尽管多个国家一直以来对南中国海提出领土主张，但中国与美国的条约盟友菲律宾之间的争端最为激烈。Tensions in the region have steadily increased in recent years, with the Philippines denouncing the encroachment of Chinese vessels, which they say have used water cannons or lasers to harass Philippine sailors in the area. In another incident at the Second Thomas Shoal — where the Sierra Madre is beached — in 2024, a Filipino soldier lost a finger after a Chinese boat rammed his vessel.近年来，该地区的紧张局势持续升温，菲律宾谴责中国船只侵犯领土，并使用水炮或激光骚扰菲律宾船员。2024年发生在“马德雷山”号的搁浅地点第二托马斯浅滩（中国称为仁爱礁）的另一起事件中，一艘中国船只撞击菲律宾船只，导致一名菲方士兵失去一根手指。The latest flare-up came just before the start of a series of high-level diplomatic meetings hosted by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in Manila, where, among other agenda items like the wars in Myanmar and Iran, negotiations to ease tensions in the South China Sea are expected to continue. The gathering, which will conclude Thursday, is being attended by both Secretary of State Marco Rubio and China’s foreign minister, Wang Yi.最新冲突发生在东盟在马尼拉主办的一系列高级别外交会议即将召开之前。除了缅甸和伊朗战争等议程外，预计各方还将继续就缓解南海紧张局势展开谈判。会议将于周四结束，美国国务卿鲁比奥和中国外长王毅均出席会议。The Philippines, the current chair of the 11-member ASEAN, has made establishing a legally binding code of conduct to prevent escalations in the South China Sea a key priority for its tenure, which concludes at the end of this year. The code was proposed decades ago and Philippine officials have voiced optimism about recent progress. But intractable differences have loomed.作为现任东盟11个成员国的轮值主席国，菲律宾把制定一项具有法律约束力的南中国海行为准则列为任期内的重要目标，希望借此防止局势升级。菲律宾的主席国任期将于年底结束。制定准则的构想早在数十年前就已提出，菲律宾官员对近期进展表示乐观，但各方之间仍存在难以调和的分歧。Chief among them is the landmark ruling by an international tribunal that dismissed most of China’s sweeping territorial claims in the South China Sea in 2016, including those on the area marked by the Sierra Madre. While there was no mechanism for enforcing the ruling, it was widely regarded as a major victory for the Philippines, which currently sees it as a legal base line for any maritime code of conduct. China, which refused to participate in the arbitration, has steadfastly rejected it.其中最大的分歧是国际仲裁庭于2016年作出的一项具有里程碑意义的裁决。该裁决否定了中国在南中国海提出的广泛领土主张中的大部分，其中也包括“马德雷山”号所在海域。虽然这一裁决缺乏执行机制，但普遍被视为菲律宾的一次重大胜利。菲律宾目前认为，这项裁决应成为未来任何南中国海行为准则的法律基础。而拒绝参与仲裁的中国则始终拒绝承认这一裁决。The decision provided fodder for another dispute earlier this month, when, in response to the Philippines’ commemoration of its 10th anniversary, Chinese state media posted a video depicting the Philippines as a monkey doing the bidding of Japan and the United States.这一裁决本月早些时候再次引发争议。当菲律宾纪念该裁决发表十周年之际，中国官方媒体发布了一段视频，将菲律宾描绘成一只受日本和美国摆布的猴子。While the United States does not have any territorial claims of its own in the South China Sea, it conducts regular joint military drills there with the Philippines, with which it has a mutual defense treaty. Beijing has denounced U.S. involvement as a major source of tensions in the region.虽然美国在南中国海没有提出任何领土主张，但它与菲律宾签有共同防御条约，双方定期在这里举行联合军事演习。北京谴责美国的介入是该地区紧张局势的主要根源。The U.S. State Department criticized what it called “dangerous and aggressive actions” by China in a statement on the incident on Monday.美国国务院在周一发表声明，批评中国的所谓“危险和侵略性行为”。In an opinion article published by Philippine media outlets ahead of the ASEAN meeting, Mr. Rubio reiterated U.S. support for the 2016 ruling, writing that “we will honor our obligations to the Philippines and other allies as they confront new and coercive threats to our shared interests.” But he stopped short of singling out China by name.在东盟会议召开前夕，鲁比奥在菲律宾媒体发表的一篇观点文章中重申，美国支持2016年的国际仲裁裁决。他写道：“当菲律宾以及其他盟友面对针对我们共同利益的新胁迫性威胁时，我们将履行对他们的义务。”不过，他并未点名中国。Jason Gutierrez自马尼拉对本文有报道贡献。Ruoxin Zhang对本文有研究贡献。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。