STEPHEN CASTLE, MICHAEL D. SHEAR, MEGAN SPECIA2026年7月21日查尔斯三世国王在白金汉宫迎接伯纳姆。 Pool photo by Aaron ChownAndy Burnham’s day began with a visit to a homeless shelter in central London, where he chopped mushrooms and chatted with other helpers preparing breakfast.这一天，安迪·伯纳姆先是去了伦敦市中心一家无家可归者收容所，他在那里切蘑菇，并与其他正在制作早餐的志愿者聊天。A few hours later, by now wearing a suit and tie, he shook hands with King Charles III in the gilded splendor of Buckingham Palace. Accepting the monarch’s request to form a government, Mr. Burnham, who was named leader of the governing Labour Party on Friday, became Britain’s seventh prime minister after a decade of extraordinary turbulence.几个小时后，换上西装领带的他在金碧辉煌的白金汉宫与国王查尔斯三世握手。于周五被任命为执政党工党领袖的伯纳姆接受了君主的组建政府请求，成为英国在这动荡不安的十年里的第七位首相。Mr. Burnham’s early-morning trip to the homeless charity seemed designed to send a signal to the country about his priorities, and to underscore his pledge to tackle social issues and reshape British politics.清晨的无家可归者慈善机构之行似乎旨在向全国发出关于其优先事项的信号，并强调他关于解决社会问题和重塑英国政治的承诺。On a day of ritual and ceremony, Mr. Burnham pledged in a short speech outside 10 Downing Street to “put the care of people at the heart of everything I do.” He described his move into Britain’s top job as a “circuit-breaker moment” to change the direction taken by a succession of neoliberal governments over the past four decades that favored privatization and deindustrialized the country.在这个充满仪式和典礼的日子里，伯纳姆在唐宁街10号外发表简短演讲，承诺“将关爱民众置于我所做一切的核心”。他将自己入主英国最高职位描述为一个“断路器时刻”，要改变过去四十年来一系列新自由主义政府所走的方向——这些政府偏好私有化并导致国家去工业化。“I know people at home are fed up with politics,” he told the public, speaking without notes and minus the lectern that prime ministers usually speak from outside Downing Street. “I hear you, and I want to be honest with you: We have not been good enough, and we need to be better. We will be.”“我知道国内民众对政治已经厌倦，”伯纳姆对公众说——他没有讲稿，也没有使用首相通常在唐宁街外演讲时会用的讲台。“我听到了你们的声音，我想诚实地告诉你们：我们做得不够好，我们需要做得更好。我们会的。”周一，伯纳姆在维多利亚区“通道”无家可归者慈善机构切蘑菇。The speed of Mr. Burnham’s ascent to the top job in British politics is striking. Earlier this year, his path to Downing Street seemed blocked when he was prevented from running for a parliamentary seat that he needed to challenge Prime Minister Keir Starmer. But after a disastrous set of elections in Scotland, Wales and English municipalities in May, Mr. Starmer had to relent and allow Mr. Burnham to run in a special election — which he won emphatically.伯纳姆在英国政坛升至最高位的速度令人瞩目。今年早些时候，他的唐宁街之路似乎被堵死，当时他被阻止参选一个议会席位，而那是挑战首相基尔·斯塔默所必需的。但在5月苏格兰、威尔士和英格兰地方选举惨败后，斯塔默不得不让步，允许伯纳姆参加补选——他以压倒性优势获胜。That put him in pole position to succeed Mr. Starmer, whose popularity had sunk to some of the lowest levels recorded for a British prime minister, just two years after winning a general election in 2024.这让他处于接替斯塔默的有利位置。斯塔默在2024年赢得大选仅两年后，支持率已跌至英国首相有记录以来的最低水平之一。Supporters hope Mr. Burnham will revive his party’s fortunes after more than a year during which the populist right-wing party Reform U.K. has led opinion polls, albeit with about 25 percent of voter support.支持者希望伯纳姆能重振工党的势头，此前一年多时间里，民粹右翼政党“英国改革党”一直领先民调，尽管支持率仅约为25%。Mr. Burnham’s rise follows a period of political turmoil that began with the Brexit vote in 2016, when voters severed ties to the European Union. In his speech Mr. Burnham, the first lifelong Roman Catholic to become Britain’s prime minister, said he would move quickly to announce measures to ease the burden on voters frustrated with stagnating living standards and impatient for change.伯纳姆的崛起之时，英国正处在以2016年英国脱欧公投为开端的一段动荡期，在那场公投中，选民决定切断与欧盟的联系。作为英国首位笃信罗马天主教的首相，伯纳姆在演讲中表示，他将迅速宣布措施，以减轻选民因生活水平停滞不前而产生的负担，并满足他们对变革的迫切期待。Promising to “give people some breathing space now,” he said he would explain how such measures would be financed in the coming days. He also said that later this year he would propose a 10-year plan for the country.他承诺“立即着手给人们一些喘息空间”，并表示将在未来几天解释这些措施的资金来源。他还说，今年晚些时候将提出一个为期10年的国家计划。Earlier in the day, Mr. Starmer made his final appearance as prime minister. “My work is done,” he declared in a brief farewell speech, saying that he left “with good grace and a smile.”当天早些时候，斯塔默作为首相进行了最后一次公开露面。“我的工作完成了，”他在简短的告别演讲中宣布，并表示自己“带着从容和微笑”离开。查尔斯三世国王在白金汉宫迎接伯纳姆。By Monday evening, many of Mr. Starmer’s closest allies had been ousted from the government as Mr. Burnham began forming his cabinet. In a surprise appointment, John Healey, a former defense secretary, was given the critical job of chancellor of the Exchequer, overseeing the nation’s finances, replacing Rachel Reeves, who left the cabinet.到周一晚上，随着伯纳姆开始组建内阁，斯塔默的许多最亲密盟友已被逐出政府。一项出人意料的任命是前国防大臣约翰·希利成为财政大臣，负责国家财政，接替离开内阁的雷切尔·里夫斯。A political veteran, Mr. Healey is regarded as a safe pair of hands, and he was a junior minister in the Treasury in Prime Minister Tony Blair’s government. Mr. Healey resigned as defense secretary in June, arguing that a proposed increase in British military spending was insufficient, a move that destabilized Mr. Starmer’s leadership.作为政坛老手，希利被视为可靠人选，他曾在托尼·布莱尔首相政府中担任财政部次长。希利于6月辞去国防大臣职务，原因是认为英国增加军费开支的提案不够充分，这一举动动摇了斯塔默的领导地位。In his new job, Mr. Healey will now have to find the money needed to upgrade Britain’s armed forces. But his appointment may reassure some of those in the financial markets who were worried by speculation that the job might go to Ed Miliband, who is seen as being more to the left of the Labour Party than Ms. Reeves.在新职位上，希利现在必须找到升级英国武装部队所需的资金。但他的任命可能会让金融市场中的一些人安心，此前他们担心该职位可能由被视为比里夫斯更左倾的埃德·米利班德担任。Mr. Miliband, a former Labour leader, was named foreign secretary, while Shabana Mahmood kept her job as home secretary, a signal that Mr. Burnham is largely backing her efforts to crack down on legal and illegal migration. David Lammy, who was deputy prime minister under Mr. Starmer, announced that he would be leaving government.前工党领袖米利班德被任命为外交大臣，而沙巴娜·马哈茂德继续担任内政大臣，这表明伯纳姆大体支持她打击合法和非法移民的努力。曾在斯塔默手下担任副首相的戴维·拉米宣布将离开政府。Mr. Burnham is also expected to shift some aspects of Mr. Starmer’s agenda on energy. Lucy Powell, Labour’s deputy leader and a close Burnham ally, said on Sunday that he would take “a more pragmatic approach” to North Sea gas and oil than Mr. Starmer, but added, “I don’t think it is a change of policy, more a change of emphasis.”伯纳姆还预计将调整斯塔默的能源政策的某些方面。工党副领袖、伯纳姆的亲密盟友露西·鲍威尔周日表示，他对北海天然气和石油将采取“更务实的态度”，但补充说：“我不认为这是政策改变，更像是重点的调整。”伯纳姆周一在唐宁街发表讲话。In a post on Truth Social on Sunday, President Trump appeared to welcome — if exaggerate — the expected change in energy policy. People in the Scottish port city of Aberdeen, he claimed, were “dancing in the streets because the new Prime Minister, Andy Burnham, has stated that he will be opening up, all the way, the invaluable North Sea Oil!”周日，特朗普总统在Truth Social上发帖，似乎对能源政策的预期变化表示欢迎——尽管可能有些夸张。他声称，苏格兰阿伯丁港市的人们“正在街头起舞，因为新首相安迪·伯纳姆表示，他将全面开放宝贵的北海石油！”Mr. Burnham spoke to Mr. Trump shortly after he became prime minister, Downing Street said. According to a readout of the call, he congratulated the president on a successful run as a co-host of the World Cup. And Mr. Burnham, who was mayor of Greater Manchester for the past nine years, invited Mr. Trump to the city for a visit.唐宁街表示，伯纳姆就任首相后不久便与特朗普通话。根据通话摘要，他祝贺特朗普成功举办世界杯。担任大曼彻斯特市长九年的伯纳姆还邀请特朗普访问该市。In his speech, Mr. Burnham immediately announced one concrete new policy, saying he would end “rough sleeping,” a British term for homelessness. It is an ambitious — and some have argued impossible — goal, but one that is close to his heart; he donated 15 percent of his annual salary to homelessness charities during his nine years as mayor of Greater Manchester.在演讲中，伯纳姆立即宣布了一项具体新政策，表示他将结束“露宿”，这是英国人对无家可归的一种称呼。这是一个雄心勃勃——有人认为不可能实现——的目标，但对他来说意义重大；他在担任大曼彻斯特市长九年间，曾将年薪的15%捐赠给无家可归者慈善机构。Mr. Burnham pledged to end homelessness when he was mayor, too. The number of rough sleepers did drop significantly in his city by 2020, but a report earlier this year in the The Mill, a Manchester newspaper, found that it had increased steadily over the past four years.伯纳姆担任市长时也承诺结束无家可归现象。到2020年，该市露宿者数量确实大幅下降，但曼彻斯特报纸《The Mill》今年早些时候的报道发现，过去四年里这一数字又稳步上升。At the homeless shelter on Monday morning, Mr. Burnham addressed that.周一上午在无家可归者收容所，伯纳姆谈到了这一点。“We ran a scheme every night, 600 beds, called ‘A bed every night,’” he recounted, “and we funded it through various different ways. But we were the only place that was doing it, and you won’t be able to get the numbers down if you’re the only place.”“我们每晚都实施一项‘每晚一床’的计划，提供600张床位，”他回忆道，“我们通过各种不同方式筹集资金。但我们是唯一这么做的地方，如果你只是孤军奋战，就无法把数字降下来。”Other homeless people, he said, came to Manchester because of the support available.他说，其他无家可归者因为这里提供的支持而来到曼彻斯特。“So it taught me that the only way is to do this together,” Mr. Burnham said.“所以这让我明白，唯一的办法是共同行动，”伯纳姆说。Stephen Castle是时报驻伦敦记者，广泛报道英国新闻、英国政治以及该国与欧洲的关系。Michael D. Shear是《纽约时报》资深记者，报道英国政治、文化，以及全球各地外交议题。Megan Specia常驻伦敦，为时报报道英国、爱尔兰和乌克兰战争新闻。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。