Add chemical reaction template and text← Previous revisionRevision as of 13:07, 28 October 2026 Line 1: Line 1: {{Short description|Class of enzymes}} {{Short description|Class of enzymes}} {{Unreliable sources|date=August 2022|article}}{{infobox enzyme {{infobox enzyme | Name = nucleotide diphosphatase | Name = Nucleotide diphosphatase | EC_number = 3.6.1.9 | EC_number = 3.6.1.9 | CAS_number = 9032-64-8 | CAS_number = 9032-64-8 Line 9: Line 9: | caption = | caption = }} }} In [[enzymology]], a '''nucleotide diphosphatase''' ({{EC number|3.6.1.9}}{{Dubious|date=August 2022|reason=3.6.1.9 catalyzes NTP = NMP + PP}}) is an [[enzyme]] that [[catalysis|catalyzes]] the [[chemical reaction]] '''Nucleotide diphosphatase''' ({{EC number|3.6.1.9}}) is an [[enzyme]] that [[catalysis|catalyzes]] the general [[hydrolysis]] reaction: :a dinucleotide + H2O \rightleftharpoons 2 mononucleotides :a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O \rightleftharpoons a nucleotide + pyrophosphate ⚫ For example, adenosine triphosphate is converted to adenosine monophosphate by the enzyme characterised from potato and pigeon liver:{{cite journal |author1 = Kornberg A |author2 =Pricer WE | date = 1950 | title = Nucleotide pyrophosphatase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 182 |issue =2 | pages = 763–778 |doi =10.1016/S0021-9258(18)56512-1 |doi-access =free }}{{cite journal |author1 = Jacobson JB |author2 =Kaplan NO | date = 1957 | title = A reduced pyridine nucleotide pyrophosphatase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 226 |issue =1 | pages = 427–437 |doi =10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64843-4 |doi-access =free | pmid=13428775}} Thus, the two [[substrate (biochemistry)|substrates]] of this enzyme are [[dinucleotide]] and [[water|H2O]], whereas its [[product (chemistry)|product]] is [[Nucleotide|mononucleotide]]. {{chemrxn|width=55%| ⚫ This enzyme belongs to the family of [[hydrolase]]s, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is '''dinucleotide nucleotidohydrolase'''. Other names in common use include '''nucleotide pyrophosphatase''', and '''nucleotide-sugar pyrophosphatase'''. This enzyme participates in 5 [[metabolism|metabolic pathways]]: [[purine metabolism]], [[starch and sucrose metabolism]], [[riboflavin metabolism]], [[nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism]], and [[pantothenate and coa biosynthesis]]. {{chemrxn/cpd|adenosine triphosphate|upright=1.5 }} {{chemrxn/arw|fwd_in={{chem2|H2O}}|fwd_out=[[Pyrophosphate|PPi]] }} {{chemrxn/cpd|adenosine monophosphate }} }} ⚫ The enzyme occurs in both plants and animals.{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar SA, Rao NA, Vaidyanathan CS | date = 1965 | title = Nucleotidases in plants. I. Partial purification and properties of the enzyme hydrolyzing flavine adenine dinucleotide from mung bean seedlings (''Phaseolus radiatus'') | journal = Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | volume = 111 | pages = 646–52 | pmid = 5862212 | doi = 10.1016/0003-9861(65)90246-8 | issue = 3 }}{{cite book |title=ATPases |chapter=ATP-diphosphohydrolases, apyrases, and nucleotide phosphohydrolases |series=Biomembranes: A Multi-Volume Treatise |date=1996 |volume=5 |pages=369–401 |doi=10.1016/S1874-5342(06)80015-2 |isbn=978-1-55938-662-3 }} ⚫ ==Structural studies== ⚫ This enzyme belongs to the family of [[hydrolase]]s, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] of this enzyme class is '''dinucleotide nucleotidohydrolase'''. Other names in use include '''nucleotide pyrophosphatase''', and '''nucleotide-sugar pyrophosphatase'''.{{KEGG enzyme|3.6.1.9}} ⚫ ==Structural studies== {{As of|2007|alt=As of late 2007}}, 5 [[tertiary structure|structures]] have been solved for this class of enzymes, with [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] accession codes {{PDB link|1NQY}}, {{PDB link|1NQZ}}, {{PDB link|2GSN}}, {{PDB link|2GSO}}, and {{PDB link|2GSU}}. {{As of|2007|alt=As of late 2007}}, 5 [[tertiary structure|structures]] have been solved for this class of enzymes, with [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] accession codes {{PDB link|1NQY}}, {{PDB link|1NQZ}}, {{PDB link|2GSN}}, {{PDB link|2GSO}}, and {{PDB link|2GSU}}. ==References== ==References== {{reflist|1}} {{reflist}} ⚫ * {{cite journal |author1 = Jacobson JB |author2 =Kaplan NO | date = 1957 | title = A reduced pyridine nucleotide pyrophosphatase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 226 |issue =1 | pages = 427–437 |doi =10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64843-4 |doi-access =free | pmid=13428775}} * {{cite journal |author1 = Kornberg A |author2 =Pricer WE | date = 1950 | title = Nucleotide pyrophosphatase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 182 |issue =2 | pages = 763–778 |doi =10.1016/S0021-9258(18)56512-1 |doi-access =free }} ⚫ * {{cite journal | vauthors = Kumar SA, Rao NA, Vaidyanathan CS | date = 1965 | title = Nucleotidases in plants. I. Partial purification and properties of the enzyme hydrolyzing flavine adenine dinucleotide from mung bean seedlings (Phaseolus radiatus) | journal = Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | volume = 111 | pages = 646–52 | pmid = 5862212 | doi = 10.1016/0003-9861(65)90246-8 | issue = 3 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Swartz MN, Kaplan NO, Lamborg MF | date = 1958 | title = A "heat-activated" diphosphopyridine nucleotide pyrophosphatase from Proteus vulgaris | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 232 | issue = 2 | pages = 1051–1063 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)77421-3 | doi-access = free | pmid=13549486}} {{Acid anhydride hydrolases}} {{Acid anhydride hydrolases}}