ANA LONOVA, ADAM B. ELLICK2026年10月27日周日，赢得连任的卢拉在圣保罗。 Andre Penner/Associated PressBrazilian voters on Sunday handed the leftist president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, a fourth term in office and a surprise victory over Flávio Bolsonaro, his right-wing challenger, in a striking rebuke to a conservative surge sweeping Latin America.巴西选民周日给予左翼总统卢拉第四个任期，他出人意料地击败其右翼挑战者博索纳罗，这是对席卷拉丁美洲的保守浪潮引人注目的回击。Mr. Bolsonaro refused to accept the outcome and said it was the result of foul play, seizing on a narrative that his father also employed after his own electoral loss four years ago.博索纳罗拒绝接受这一结果，称这是舞弊所致，他沿用了其父四年前竞选失败后也曾使用过的说法。President Trump on Monday also criticized the results of the vote, telling reporters at Joint Base Andrews in Maryland that “it looked like another rigged election.”周一，特朗普总统也批评了投票结果，他在马里兰州安德鲁斯联合基地告诉记者，“这看起来像是又一次被操纵的选举。”The rejection by voters of Mr. Bolsonaro, the son of a former president jailed for attempting a coup four years ago, is also a loss for President Trump, who had embraced the Bolsonaro family and the region’s rising right.选民对博索纳罗的拒绝也意味着特朗普总统的失利。博索纳罗是四年前因试图发动政变而入狱的前总统之子，而特朗普曾与博索纳罗家族及该地区崛起的右翼势力关系密切。Mr. Lula, in contrast to many world leaders, has often and defiantly clashed with Mr. Trump, and his victory highlights that Latin America’s left-wing forces still wield influence despite a string of losses across the hemisphere. This is the first leftist victory following seven straight wins by right-wing leaders in the region over the last 18 months.与许多世界领导人不同，卢拉经常与特朗普针锋相对。他的胜利凸显出，尽管拉美左翼力量在整个半球遭遇一连串失败，但仍具有影响力。这是该地区过去18个月右翼领导人连续七次获胜后首次出现左翼胜利。周日，圣保罗的卢拉支持者。“I would like to thank the Brazilian people for the generosity they have shown me for a long time,” Mr. Lula said, during a victory speech in São Paulo, flanked by his wife, running mate and allies.“我要感谢巴西人民长期以来对我的慷慨，”卢拉在圣保罗发表胜选演讲时说，他身旁站着妻子、竞选搭档和盟友。The result capped a chaotic final stretch of the race, as polling places were ordered to remain open after public transportation delays and torrential rains disrupted voting. The extended polling hours, which both candidates asked for but came right as voting was set to conclude, opened up the possibility that the results would be disputed.这一结果为一度混乱的竞选最后阶段画上句号。此前，由于公共交通延误和暴雨扰乱投票，投票站被下令延长开放时间。延长投票时间这一举措虽是两位候选人共同提出的，但恰好在投票即将结束时才实施，带来了选举结果可能被质疑的可能性。Mr. Bolsonaro called an order by Brazil’s judiciary to extend voting a “dirty trick” and demanded the election be annulled.博索纳罗称巴西司法机构延长投票的命令是“肮脏伎俩”， 并要求宣布选举无效。“There’s a lot that needs to be cleared up before Brazil simply accepts this foul play that took place in these elections,” he said during a news conference in Brasília, the capital.“在巴西简单地接受这些选举中发生的舞弊之前，有很多问题需要澄清，”他在首都巴西利亚的新闻发布会上说。Mr. Bolsonaro’s party will now likely petition electoral authorities for a review of the result.博索纳罗的政党现在可能会向选举当局请愿，要求对结果进行复核。Since Brazil’s return to democracy, no presidential election has ever been annulled. In 2014, the losing party requested an audit, but that review found no evidence of fraud and the results were upheld.自巴西恢复民主以来，从未有总统选举被宣布无效。2014年，败选政党要求审计，但审查未发现舞弊证据，选举结果得以维持。In 2022, Mr. Bolsonaro’s Liberal Party similarly challenged his father’s loss in the election, but the court ultimately fined the party more than $4 million for failing to provide evidence to support its allegations.2022年，博索纳罗的自由党同样质疑其父在选举中的失败，但法院最终因该党未能提供支持其指控的证据，对其处以超过400万美元的罚款。。Among Mr. Bolsonaro’s supporters on Sunday, the sentiment was one of sadness and indignation. “We know we’ve been robbed again,” said Valéria Maria de Melo, a 49-year-old housewife, bursting into tears.周日，博索纳罗的支持者们情绪低落，充满愤慨。“我们知道我们又被洗劫了，”49岁的家庭主妇瓦莱里娅·玛丽亚·德梅洛说，她泪流满面。Mr. Lula headed into Sunday’s vote as the underdog after finishing 2 percentage points behind his opponent in the first round of voting earlier this month.卢拉在周日投票前处于劣势，在本月早些时候的第一轮投票中，他落后对手二个百分点。But on Sunday, Mr. Lula achieved a stunning comeback, winning 51.8 percent of the vote versus 48.2 percent for Flávio Bolsonaro, with nearly all the ballots counted.但周日，卢拉实现了惊人的逆转，在几乎所有选票清点完毕后，他获得了51.8%的选票，而弗拉维奥·博索纳罗仅获得48.2%选票。Mr. Lula’s margin of victory on Sunday was roughly double the margin four years ago when he narrowly defeated Mr. Bolsonaro’s father. It was the first time in Brazil’s history that a candidate who lost the first round of voting came back to win the second.卢拉周日的胜选优势大约是四年前的两倍，当时他险胜博索纳罗的父亲。这是巴西历史上首次有候选人在第一轮投票中落后，但在第二轮投票中实现逆转获胜。里约热内卢某投票站内的选举工作人员和当地政党代表。Mr. Lula’s victory was even more surprising given that several of the candidates who failed to make it out of the first round were conservatives whose votes were expected to broadly shift to Mr. Bolsonaro.考虑到几位未能通过首轮投票的候选人都是保守派，其选票预计将大致流向博索纳罗，卢拉的胜利就更令人惊讶。Mr. Lula, speaking at a hotel surrounded by cheering allies and supporters, thanked those who had voted for him. In an indirect swipe at Mr. Trump, he said the mass rallies in Brazilian cities in the days leading up to the vote were “a demonstration that this country refuses to be anyone’s backyard.”卢拉在酒店发表讲话，周围是欢呼的盟友和支持者。他感谢投票给他的人。他间接抨击特朗普说，投票前数日，巴西城市的大规模集会“表明这个国家拒绝成为任何人的后院”。“I want to thank the generosity of the Brazilian youth, who took to the streets to defend democracy,” he added.“我要感谢巴西青年的慷慨，他们走上街头捍卫民主，”他还说。The results showed that far more voters had turned up to cast a ballot on Sunday than in the earlier round, a highly unusual shift. Typically, the number of voters drops from the first round to the second. In total, more than 128 million Brazilians voted on Sunday, compared to 125 million in the first round.结果显示，周日出来投票的选民远多于第一轮，这是一个极不寻常的变化。通常，从第一轮到第二轮，投票人数会有所下降。周日共有超过1.28亿巴西人投票，而第一轮为1.25亿。An intense social media campaign that included a wildly popular channel on WhatsApp, a platform long dominated by Mr. Bolsonaro’s right-wing movement, played a major role in mobilizing Mr. Lula’s supporters in the final stretch of the race.一场激烈的社交媒体运动——包括一个在WhatsApp上极受欢迎的频道，该平台长期由博索纳罗的右翼运动主导——在竞选最后阶段动员卢拉支持者方面发挥了重要作用。As he celebrated in Rio de Janeiro, Fernando Porto said that he and his friends never gave up hope as they took to social media and to the streets to rally support for Mr. Lula over the last three weeks. “This comeback was truly incredible,” said Mr. Porto, 24, a psychology student.在里约热内卢庆祝的费尔南多·波尔图说，过去三周，他和朋友们从未放弃希望，他们在社交媒体和街头为卢拉争取支持。“这次逆转真的不可思议，”24岁的心理学学生波尔图说。In São Paulo, a massive celebration that had already erupted long before the results came grew quickly with news of Mr. Lula’s victory. Supporters of the president broke down in tears of disbelief and set off fireworks, while cars honked in a deafening chorus of horns.在圣保罗，在结果出炉前就已爆发的大规模庆祝活动随着卢拉获胜的消息迅速扩大。总统的支持者们因难以置信而流下眼泪，并燃放烟花，与此同时，汽车鸣笛声此起彼伏，响彻云霄。Mr. Lula’s comeback win capped a roller-coaster career for the president that has traversed soaring popularity, scandal and prison, and now an election that deeply divided Brazil, forcing voters to choose between two starkly different visions for the future of Latin America’s largest nation.卢拉的逆转胜利将这位总统过山车般的职业生涯推向高潮。他的生涯经历了极高的支持率、丑闻和监禁，如今又经历了一场令巴西社会严重分裂的选举，迫使选民在拉丁美洲最大国家未来的两种截然不同的愿景之间做出选择。A stalwart of Brazilian politics, Mr. Lula lifted millions out of poverty through social programs in earlier years as president, though his popularity waned in his third term as he failed to address anxieties over crime and the economy.作为巴西政坛的中坚人物，卢拉早年在担任总统期间，通过社会项目帮助数以百万计的人脱贫，尽管在第三个任期内，由于未能解决人们对犯罪和经济的焦虑，他的支持率有所下降。周日，里约热内卢的一块屏幕上显示了初步结果。His political legacy has also been tarnished by links to corruption scandals, including a new one unfolding on his watch that has implicated much of Brazil’s political and judicial elite, including Mr. Bolsonaro himself.他的政治遗产也因与腐败丑闻的关联而受损，其中包括在他任期内爆发的最新一起丑闻，涉及巴西大部分政治和司法精英，包括博索纳罗本人。Yet Sunday’s narrow tally makes clear that Mr. Lula, 80, faces a daunting task: leading a polarized nation plagued by a spiraling debt crisis, high grocery prices and growing fears about organized crime. And Mr. Lula is bound to face resistance at every turn, after voters elected an overwhelming number of Mr. Bolsonaro’s political allies to the Legislature.然而，周日的微弱票数差距表明，80岁的卢拉面临艰巨任务：领导一个两极分化的国家，这个国家饱受债务危机螺旋上升、食品价格高企和对有组织犯罪的日益担忧等困扰。而且，在选民将压倒性数量的博索纳罗政治盟友选入立法机构后，卢拉势必处处遭遇阻力。And the strong showing of Mr. Bolsonaro, 45, highlights that the right-wing leader’s ideas resonate with millions of working-class Brazilians who may have supported Mr. Lula in the past, but have become disillusioned with him.45岁的博索纳罗表现强劲，凸显出这位右翼领导人的理念引起成百上千万工人阶级巴西人的共鸣。这些人过去可能支持卢拉，但如今已对他失望。Ultimately, though, a majority of voters appears to have heeded Mr. Lula’s warnings about handing power to another Bolsonaro, just four years after former President Jair Bolsonaro orchestrated a plan to hold onto the presidency and inspired supporters to storm Brazil’s halls of power.不过，最终多数选民似乎听取了卢拉的警告：不要在前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗策划保住总统职位并煽动支持者冲击巴西权力机构仅四年后，再把权力交给另一个博索纳罗。Last year, the elder Mr. Bolsonaro was sentenced to 27 years in prison for trying to stage a coup after the 2022 election, in a plot that included plans to assassinate Mr. Lula, Mr. Lula’s running mate and a Supreme Court justice.去年，老博索纳罗因在2022年选举后企图发动政变被判处27年监禁，其阴谋包括暗杀卢拉、卢拉的竞选搭档和一名最高法院法官的计划。The younger Mr. Bolsonaro had said he planned to seek amnesty for his father and the rioters, impeach the Supreme Court justice who oversaw their jailing, and change the nation’s constitution.小博索纳罗曾表示，他计划为父亲和骚乱者寻求特赦，弹劾监督他们入狱的最高法院法官，并修改国家宪法。Mr. Lula’s resounding win on Sunday signals that the majority of Brazilians want to protect their democracy, said Christian Lynch, a political scientist at the State University of Rio de Janeiro.里约热内卢州立大学政治学家克里斯蒂安·林奇说，卢拉周日的压倒性胜利表明，多数巴西人希望保护他们的民主。“People here realized they don’t want to surrender democracy,” he said. “It was a big surprise.”“这里的人们意识到，他们不想放弃民主，”他说。“这是一个巨大的惊喜。”Mr. Lula’s win will most likely complicate Mr. Trump’s plans for dominance in the region: The Brazilian leader has repeatedly defied Mr. Trump over issues like trade, social media and the treatment of the Bolsonaros.卢拉的胜利很可能使特朗普在该地区谋求主导地位的计划复杂化：这位巴西领导人在贸易、社交媒体和博索纳罗家族待遇等问题上多次违抗特朗普。周日，在巴西萨尔瓦多，一名女子身披一面印有卢拉肖像的旗帜。Mr. Trump remained silent about Mr. Lula’s win on Sunday. While he had not formally endorsed Mr. Bolsonaro, his administration had appeared willing to help him in other ways, such as by labeling Brazil’s largest drug gangs as terror groups. Last year, the American president also tried, and failed, to help Mr. Bolsonaro’s father avoid jail by hitting Brazil with tariffs and sanctions.虽然特朗普未正式支持博索纳罗，但其政府似乎愿意以其他方式帮助博索纳罗，例如将巴西最大的毒品帮派列为恐怖组织。去年，这位美国总统还试图利用关税和制裁帮助老博索纳罗免于入狱，但未能成功。Turning Brazilian sovereignty into a rallying cry, Mr. Lula repeatedly urged voters to reject the younger Mr. Bolsonaro, painting him as a puppet of the United States.卢拉将巴西主权作为集结口号，一再呼吁选民拒绝小博索纳罗，将他描绘成美国的傀儡。Sunday’s result signaled that many Brazilians had rejected Mr. Bolsonaro’s cozy ties with the United States.周日的结果表明，许多巴西人拒绝了博索纳罗与美国之间的密切关系。Despite Mr. Lula’s disagreements with Mr. Trump, Brazil’s economy was largely unscathed by American tariffs during his third term, and unemployment dropped to record-low rates. But rising food prices and mounting household debt have weighed heavily on Mr. Lula’s approval ratings.尽管卢拉与特朗普存在分歧，但在卢拉的第三个任期内，巴西经济基本未受美国关税影响，失业率降至历史低点。但食品价格上涨和家庭债务增加严重拖累了卢拉的支持率。Many Brazilians are also eager to see if Mr. Lula makes good on his promises for a judicial overhaul amid a crisis of confidence in Brazil’s top court. The next president will have unusually broad power to shape the court, which has 11 members, by filling up to four seats freed by justices reaching the mandatory retirement age.许多巴西人也渴望看到卢拉是否能在巴西最高法院信任危机中兑现司法改革承诺。下一任总统将拥有异常广泛的权力，来塑造这个由11名成员组成的法院，因为他可以填补多达四个因法官达到强制退休年龄而空出的席位。“Most people want change,” said Thomas Traumann, a political analyst and press secretary for a former leftist Brazilian president, “but not the Bolsonaro change.”“大多数人想要改变，”政治分析师、巴西一位左翼前总统的新闻秘书托马斯·特劳曼说，“但不是博索纳罗式的改变。”Giovana Sanchez和Seth Kugel自圣保罗、Thayz Guimarães和Alice Maciel自巴西利亚、Silvia Ribeiro、Leonardo Coelho、Isabela Cruz和Lis Moriconi自里约热内卢、Naira Hofmeister自阿雷格里港对本文有报道贡献。Ana Ionova是时报记者，报道巴西及其邻国新闻。Adam B. Ellick是时报巴西分社社长。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site