Napoleon Bonaparte and Bernardo O'Higgins: two 19th-century military leaders renowned to this day in their native countries of France and Chile. Yet, while Napoleon's name and exploits are known throughout the world, O'Higgins remains largely obscure outside his homeland. This phenomenon demonstrates the distinction between global and local collective memory—the shared knowledge of the past that shapes group identity—and it is the topic of newly published research from Constructor University's Professor Dr. Mariana Macedo together with Dr. Melanie Oyarzun, Professor Dr. Cristian Candia and Professor Dr. César A. Hidalgo.