Inclusion and rejection← Previous revisionRevision as of 02:41, 1 November 2026 Line 77: Line 77: ===Inclusion and rejection=== ===Inclusion and rejection=== The ''{{lang|la|Filioque}}'' was accepted by the [[pope]]s only in 1014 and is rejected by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], [[Oriental Orthodox Churches]] and [[Church of the East]].{{refn|group=note|The doctrine expressed by the ''[[Filioque]]'' is accepted by the [[Catholic Church]],{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p1s2c1p2.htm|title=Catechism of the Catholic Church, 246-248}} by [[Anglicanism]]{{cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/39articles.html|title=The 39 Articles of Religion (1562)|website=www.victorianweb.org}} and by [[Protestantism|Protestant churches]] in general.Lutheranism ([http://www.bookofconcord.org/creeds.html Book of Concord] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511203721/http://www.bookofconcord.org/creeds.html |date=2008-05-11 }}, [https://www.angelfire.com/ny4/djw/lutherantheology.filioque.html The Nicene Creed and the Filioque: A Lutheran Approach]), Presbyterianism ([http://www.unionpresbyterian.com/Creeds/NiceneCreed.dsp Union Presbyterian Church], [http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/3368.0.html Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206021635/http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/3368.0.html |date=2009-02-06 }}, [http://saintandrewsrpcga.org/nicene.html Reformed Presbyterian Church]); Methodism ([http://gbgm-umc.org/UMW/BIBLE/ncreed.html United Methodist Hymnal] ) Christians of these groups generally include it when reciting the Nicene Creed. Nonetheless, these groups recognize that ''Filioque'' is not part of the original text established at the [[First Council of Constantinople]] in 381 {{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}and they do not demand that others too should use it when saying the Creed,{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} including in the [[Latin liturgical rites]] of the [[Latin Church]].[https://web.archive.org/web/20091026205632/http://www.geocities.com/trvalentine/orthodox/vatican_clar_images.html Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity: The Greek and the Latin Traditions regarding the Procession of the Holy Spirit] (scanned image of the English translation on ''L'Osservatore Romano'' of 20 September 1995); also [https://web.archive.org/web/20010608020930/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/8410/filioque.html text with Greek letters transliterated] and [http://www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/PCCUFILQ.HTM text omitting two sentences at the start of the paragraph that it presents as beginning with "The Western tradition expresses first ..."] the Catholic Church does not add the phrase corresponding to ''{{lang|la|Filioque}}'' (καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ) to the [[Greek language|Greek]] text of the Creed, where it would be associated with the verb ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι'', but adds it in Latin, where it is associated with the verb ''procedere'', a word of broader meaning than ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι'', and in languages, such as English,{{cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11049a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Nicene Creed|website=www.newadvent.org}} in which the verb with which it is associated also has a broader meaning than ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι''. [[Pope John Paul II]] has recited the Nicene Creed several times with patriarchs of the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] in [[Greek language|Greek]] according to the original text.{{cite web|url=http://www.usccb.org/seia/filioque.shtml|title=Agreed Statement of the North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, 25 October 2003}}}} first appearing in the 6th century.{{cite book|last=Grudem|first=Wanye|year=1994|title=Systematic Theology|location=Grand Rapids, MI|publisher=Zondervan|isbn=978-0-31028670-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/systematictheolo00grud_0/page/246 246]|url=https://archive.org/details/systematictheolo00grud_0|url-access=registration}}{{contradictory inline|reason=Other sources on the page date earliest example to 410|date=November 2015}} The ''{{lang|la|Filioque}}'' was accepted by the [[pope]]s only in 1014 and is rejected by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], [[Oriental Orthodox Churches]] and [[Church of the East]].{{refn|group=note|The doctrine expressed by the ''[[Filioque]]'' is accepted by the [[Catholic Church]],{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism/p1s2c1p2.htm|title=Catechism of the Catholic Church, 246-248}} by [[Anglicanism]]{{cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/39articles.html|title=The 39 Articles of Religion (1562)|website=www.victorianweb.org}} and by [[Protestantism|Protestant churches]] in general.Lutheranism ([http://www.bookofconcord.org/creeds.html Book of Concord] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511203721/http://www.bookofconcord.org/creeds.html |date=2008-05-11 }}, [https://www.angelfire.com/ny4/djw/lutherantheology.filioque.html The Nicene Creed and the Filioque: A Lutheran Approach]), Presbyterianism ([http://www.unionpresbyterian.com/Creeds/NiceneCreed.dsp Union Presbyterian Church], [http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/3368.0.html Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206021635/http://www.presbyterian.org.nz/3368.0.html |date=2009-02-06 }}, [http://saintandrewsrpcga.org/nicene.html Reformed Presbyterian Church]); Methodism ([http://gbgm-umc.org/UMW/BIBLE/ncreed.html United Methodist Hymnal] ) Christians of these groups generally include it when reciting the Nicene Creed. Nonetheless, these groups recognize that ''Filioque'' is not part of the original text established at the [[First Council of Constantinople]] in 381 {{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}and they do not demand that others too should use it when saying the Creed,{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} including in the [[Latin liturgical rites]] of the [[Latin Church]].[https://web.archive.org/web/20091026205632/http://www.geocities.com/trvalentine/orthodox/vatican_clar_images.html Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity: The Greek and the Latin Traditions regarding the Procession of the Holy Spirit] (scanned image of the English translation on ''L'Osservatore Romano'' of 20 September 1995); also [https://web.archive.org/web/20010608020930/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atrium/8410/filioque.html text with Greek letters transliterated] and [http://www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/PCCUFILQ.HTM text omitting two sentences at the start of the paragraph that it presents as beginning with "The Western tradition expresses first ..."] the Catholic Church does not add the phrase corresponding to ''{{lang|la|Filioque}}'' (καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ) to the [[Greek language|Greek]] text of the Creed, where it would be associated with the verb ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι'', but adds it in Latin, where it is associated with the verb ''procedere'', a word of broader meaning than ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι'', and in languages, such as English,{{cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11049a.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Nicene Creed|website=www.newadvent.org}} in which the verb with which it is associated also has a broader meaning than ''ἐκπορεύεσθαι''. [[Pope John Paul II]] has recited the Nicene Creed several times with patriarchs of the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] in [[Greek language|Greek]] according to the original text.{{cite web|url=http://www.usccb.org/seia/filioque.shtml|title=Agreed Statement of the North American Orthodox-Catholic Theological Consultation, 25 October 2003}}}} first appearing in the 6th century{{cite book|last=Grudem|first=Wanye|year=1994|title=Systematic Theology|location=Grand Rapids, MI|publisher=Zondervan|isbn=978-0-31028670-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/systematictheolo00grud_0/page/246 246]|url=https://archive.org/details/systematictheolo00grud_0|url-access=registration}}, though some scholars claim it is predated by a Nestorian recension dating to 410.{{sfn|Price|Gaddis|2005|p=193|ps=:"We acknowledge the living and holy Spirit, the living Paraclete, who [is] from the Father and the Son."}} ===Consequences=== ===Consequences===