ELISABETTA POVOLEDO, GIULIA IMBERT, CARLOS BARRAGAN2026年8月13日Europe braced on Wednesday for a fifth heat wave of a record-breaking summer that has already spurred wildfires of rare ferocity, caused water shortages across the continent and, for many Europeans, sapped the joy from a season they once savored.欧洲周三准备迎接第五波热浪，这个破纪录的夏天已经引发了烈度罕见的野火，导致整个欧洲大陆出现水资源短缺，对许多欧洲人来说，他们曾经享受的这个季节的乐趣已经荡然无存。The heat is expected to sweep from the west, with a high of 109 degrees Fahrenheit, or 43 degrees Celsius, predicted in Spain on Thursday, before hitting more eastern countries like Germany over the weekend.预计热浪将从西部席卷而来，周四西班牙最高气温将达到华氏109度（摄氏43度），然后在周末袭击德国等偏东部的国家。In Britain, the government convened a special ministerial meeting on Wednesday morning to prepare for the fallout, as tourists and residents from Madrid to Rome spoke wistfully of the milder climates of summers past.在英国，政府周三上午召开了一次特别大臣级会议，以做出应对准备，而从马德里到罗马的游客和居民都满怀惆怅地谈起过去那些相对没那么难耐的夏天。Irina Nedelcu, 42, who sells wine at a food market in Rome, said she had never felt so hot and that summer had lost its appeal. “I used to love the heat and hate the cold, but starting this year, basta,” Ms. Nedelcu said, using the Italian word for “enough.” “Now I hate the heat.”现年42岁、在罗马一家食品市场卖葡萄酒的伊琳娜·内德尔库说，她从未觉得这么热过，夏天已经失去了吸引力。“我曾经喜欢炎热，讨厌寒冷，但从今年开始，basta，”内德尔库说，她用了意大利语中表示“受够了”的词。“现在我讨厌炎热。”At her stall, she has kept her air-conditioning unit switched off — it’s too expensive to use, she said. Instead, a fan churns warm air, making her feel as if she was “in a ventilated oven,” she said.她的摊位一直没开空调——她说用起来太贵了。取而代之的是一台搅动着热空气的风扇，让她感觉自己就像“在一个通风的烤箱里”，她说。“It’s unbearable,” she said.“难以忍受，”她说。In Paris, Sarah Weyenbergh, 22, also used the word “unbearable” to describe her life this summer in an apartment without air-conditioning. “Taking shower after shower after shower” gave temporary relief, said Ms. Weyenbergh, who works in the fashion industry, adding that this solution was “counterproductive” because it ended up making her “feel even hotter.”在巴黎，22岁的莎拉·韦延伯格也用了“难以忍受”来形容她在没有空调的公寓里度过的这个夏天。“冲一遍又一遍的澡”能带来暂时的缓解，在时尚行业工作的韦延伯格说，但是这种解决办法“适得其反”，因为最终会让她“感觉更热”。Still, as a resident of Paris, she at least had unrestricted access to water.不过，作为巴黎居民，她至少可以不受限制地用水。周二，在法国与瑞士边境一处干涸湖床上的船。 Fabrice Coffrini/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesIn more than 70 percent of mainland France, water use is limited because of the widespread droughts. Groundwater levels have declined in more than 90 percent of underground water reserves in mainland France, the country’s national geological service reported this month. In some regions, people could be fined for using water in certain contexts, like washing their cars or filling swimming pools.由于大范围干旱，在法国本土超过70%的地区用水受到限制。法国国家地质服务局本月报告称，法国本土超过90%的地下蓄水层的地下水位已经下降。在一些地区，人们在某些情况下用水可能会被罚款，例如洗车或给游泳池注水。Across the channel in Britain, nearly three-quarters of England is now in drought, according to officials, with tens of millions of people in Britain under a hose ban.在海峡对岸的英国，官方称英格兰近四分之三的地区现已处于干旱状态，全英数千万人被禁止使用水管浇水。In Spain’s northern province of Burgos, Charo Barriuso, 65, said that residents of this traditionally cooler region were not used to such high temperatures.在西班牙北部的布尔戈斯省，65岁的查罗·巴鲁索说，这个传统上较凉爽地区的居民不习惯如此高的温度。“The last few summers have been criminal,” Ms. Barriuso said. “We used to sleep with a blanket in the summer here. Now we sleep naked.”“过去几个夏天简直太糟糕了，”巴鲁索说。“我们以前夏天在这里睡觉都要盖毯子。现在我们都是裸睡。”Much of the country braced for more wildfires, particularly as hundreds of thousands of people prepared to gather in the arid countryside for a rare solar eclipse.该国大部分地区都在为更多的野火做准备，特别是当数十万人准备聚集在干旱的乡村观看罕见的日食时。The new heat wave comes after Western Europe recorded its hottest June-to-July period on record, according to Copernicus, the European Union’s climate monitoring service.根据欧盟气候监测机构哥白尼的数据，新一轮热浪到来之前，西欧刚刚经历了有记录以来最热的6月和7月。Droughts, magnified by climate change, are crippling some of the continent’s critical waterways, including the Rhine. In Serbia, the Danube River’s receding water levels exposed ships from a Nazi fleet that sank at the end of World War II.气候变化使干旱加剧，导致欧洲大陆一些关键水道瘫痪，包括莱茵河。在塞尔维亚，多瑙河水位下降露出了二战结束时沉没的一支纳粹舰队的船只。Droughts and hail produced by uncharacteristically violent rainstorms have played havoc with farmland, harming farming revenues. Coldiretti, Italy’s largest agricultural trade association, estimates that climate-related damages have exceeded three billion euros, or nearly $3.5 billion.干旱和非同寻常的猛烈暴风雨产生的冰雹已对农田造成严重破坏，损害了农业收入。意大利最大的农业行业协会Coldiretti估计，气候相关损失已超过30亿欧元（约合233亿元人民币）。The situation has amplified calls for cultural and logistical changes to the way that Europe operates in the summer, including a push for better water management in Italy.这种情况加剧了要求在文化层面和实际运作上彻底改变欧洲度夏方式的呼声，包括推动意大利改善水资源管理。“It’s clear that we must equip ourselves and prepare, including mentally, to live in this kind of climate,” said Lorenzo Bazzana, Coldiretti’s chief economist.“很明显，我们必须装备自己并做好准备，包括心理上，以适应这种气候生活，”Coldiretti首席经济学家洛伦佐·巴扎纳说。周二，游客坐在罗马市中心的阴凉处。 Guglielmo Mangiapane/ReutersCity life has been affected, too. In Rome, tropical evening temperatures appeared to have dulled interest in outdoor dining, while alcohol consumption was significantly down, according to Claudio Pica, the president of the Rome branch of a small business association. A survey of wholesalers and some 150 Roman eateries and bars showed a drop in sales in July, and a change in restaurant menus.城市生活也受到了影响。在罗马，小企业协会罗马分会主席克劳迪奥·皮卡称，热带夜间温度似乎削弱了人们对户外用餐的兴趣，而酒精消费量则显著下降。对批发商以及约150家罗马餐馆和酒吧进行的调查显示，7月份销售额下降，餐馆菜单也发生了变化。“Tourists still eat pasta carbonara and amatriciana because they’re traditional dishes, but Romans are asking for salads,” he said.“游客仍然会点培根蛋酱面和阿马特里恰纳面，因为它们是传统菜肴，但罗马人现在点沙拉，”他说。Some tourists are rethinking vacation plans.一些游客正在重新考虑度假计划。“We knew it was going to be really hot; we weren’t expecting it to be so bad in the sun, that’s what gets you,” said Hannah Cutter, 24, a speech-language pathologist from New York sheltering in the shade in a Roman piazza.“我们知道天气会很热；但我们没想到在太阳下会这么糟糕，这才是最要命的，”24岁的汉娜·卡特说，这位来自纽约的言语治疗师正在罗马的一个广场上乘凉。Her sister Julia Cutter, 23, who works for a manufacturing company in Connecticut, said the “stifling” heat would make her think twice about visiting Italy in August again. “I mean, we have heat like this at home, and this is just next level,” she said.她的妹妹、23岁的朱莉娅·卡特在康涅狄格州一家制造公司工作，她说这种“令人窒息的”炎热天气让她不确定还要不要再在8月份来意大利。“我的意思是，我们家里也有这样的热浪，但这完全是另一个级别的热了，”她说。At a central cinema in Rome, Mario Del Pane was taking advantage of a city-sponsored initiative offering free afternoon movies at several cinemas.在罗马市中心的一家电影院，马里奥·德尔·帕内正在利用市政府发起的一项举措——在几家电影院提供免费下午电影。“It’s a way to pass the hottest hours in a cool place,” said Mr. Del Pane, 44. The other options were to stay home, or go to the beach, which wasn’t much of an alternative, he said.“这是在凉爽的地方度过最热几个小时的一种方式，”44岁的德尔·帕内说。其他选择就是待在家里，或者去海滩，但这算不上是什么真正的选择，他说。“The temperature is very hot on the sand and you suffer,” said Mr. Del Pane. “I much prefer to be in a cool cinema.”“沙滩上温度非常高，你会很难受，”德尔·帕内说。“我更喜欢待在凉爽的电影院里。”Elisabetta Povoledo是《纽约时报》记者，常驻罗马，报道意大利、梵蒂冈和该地区的文化。她从事新闻工作已有35年。翻译：经雷点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site