赫海威, PAUL SONNE2026年8月14日俄罗斯国家媒体周四发布的一张照片显示，俄罗斯总统弗拉普京访问了有争议的岛屿。 Gavriil Grigorov/Sputnik, via Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesPresident Vladimir V. Putin of Russia on Thursday visited islands seized from Japan at the end of World War II for the first time, prompting an angry rebuke from Tokyo.俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·V·普京周四首次访问了二战结束时从日本夺取的岛屿，此举引发东京方面的愤怒谴责。Mr. Putin used the visit to reassert Russia’s territorial claims and to protest Japan’s ongoing sanctions against Russia over the invasion of Ukraine. A day before the visit, he said that Russia’s claim to the islands was a “reality” that had been “enshrined in international documents.”普京借此次访问重申俄罗斯的领土主张，并抗议日本因俄乌战争而对俄罗斯持续实施的制裁。访问前一天，他表示俄罗斯对这些岛屿的主权是“客观事实”，且已被“载入国际文件”。“We are not threatening Japan. We have absolutely no claims against it,” Mr. Putin said. “On the contrary, Japan has territorial claims against our country.”“我们没有威胁日本。我们对日本没有任何主张，”普京说，“相反，是日本对我国有领土主张。”The visit, which came as Russia held large-scale military exercises in the neighboring seas, was the latest flare-up in tensions between the two countries. Russia has been putting pressure on Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, a defense hawk and critic of Moscow who was elected last year. She has pushed forward with Japan’s largest postwar defense buildup and sought closer ties with the United States.此次访问正值俄罗斯在邻近海域举行大规模军事演习之际，是两国紧张关系的最新一次爆发。俄罗斯一直在对去年当选的首相高市早苗施加压力。高市在防务上采取鹰派姿态，且对莫斯科多有批评。她推动了日本战后最大规模的防卫建设，并寻求与美国加强关系。Ms. Takaichi criticized the visit on Thursday, saying Japan had repeatedly warned Russian leaders to stay away from the islands, which are known in Russia as the southern Kuril Islands and in Japan as the Northern Territories. She described them as “an inherent part of Japan’s territory, both historically and under international law.”高市早苗周四批评了此次访问，称日本曾多次警告俄罗斯领导人远离这些岛屿——俄罗斯称南千岛群岛，日本称北方四岛。她形容这些岛屿“无论在历史上还是根据国际法，都是日本固有领土的一部分”。She told reporters that Mr. Putin’s visit “hurts the feelings of the Japanese people and is absolutely unacceptable.” Japan’s foreign ministry said on Thursday that it had summoned Russia’s ambassador to protest the visit.她告诉记者，普京的访问“伤害了日本人民的感情，绝对不可接受”。日本外务省周四表示，已召见俄罗斯大使以示抗议。Japan traces its claims to the 17th century, but the Russians generally date their sovereignty to the waning days of World War II, when Soviet troops occupied the islands after Japan’s surrender in 1945. Japan and Russia never signed a formal peace treaty after the war.日本将其主权主张追溯至17世纪，但俄罗斯人通常将主权追溯至二战末期，即1945年日本投降后苏联军队占领这些岛屿之时。战后日本与俄罗斯从未签署正式和平条约。The disputed islands are part of an archipelago stretching from the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula in eastern Russia to Hokkaido in the northernmost part of Japan.Mr. Putin visited an island that is called Iturup in Russian and Etorofu in Japanese. He toured a fish-processing complex and ate caviar. He also visited a hospital and a school, the Kremlin said in a statement, releasing photos of the Russian leader’s stops.争议岛屿是自俄罗斯东部堪察加半岛南端延伸至日本最北端北海道的群岛的一部分。普京访问了一个在俄语中称为伊图鲁普岛、在日语中称为择捉岛的岛屿。他参观了一家鱼类加工综合设施并品尝了鱼子酱。克里姆林宫在一份声明中表示，他还参观了一家医院和一所学校，并发布了这位俄罗斯领导人到访地点的照片。The governor of the Sakhalin region, which includes the islands, Valery Limarenko, accompanied Mr. Putin on the visit. Under a bright sun, Mr. Putin met residents of the region and hugged two young children, in footage posted online by a state news reporter who follows the Russian leader.这些岛屿所属的萨哈林州州长瓦列里·利马连科陪同普京访问。根据一名跟随报道这位俄罗斯领导人的官方新闻记者发布在网上的视频，在明媚阳光下，普京与当地居民见面，并拥抱了两名年幼儿童。“Look at this great weather, it’s like a resort!” Mr. Putin said. One woman responded that such weather is very rare, noting that it is usually windy and foggy. “The weather is smiling on you,” she said.“看看这好天气，简直像度假胜地！”普京说。一名女性回应称这种天气非常罕见，通常多风多雾。“天气在对你微笑呢，”她说。Mr. Putin’s visit is part of a broader tour across Siberia and the Far East that he has been making ahead of the Russian parliamentary election next month.普京的此次访问是他在下月俄罗斯议会选举前进行的西伯利亚及远东地区视察行程的一部分。On Wednesday, during a visit to Russia’s Pacific Fleet in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Mr. Putin boarded the Varyag guided missile cruiser. He said Japan had placed “unprovoked sanctions” on his country over the conflict in Ukraine and singled out Russia as an enemy threat.周三，在视察位于南萨哈林斯克的俄罗斯太平洋舰队期间，普京登上了“瓦良格”号导弹巡洋舰。他表示，日本因乌克兰冲突而对俄罗斯实施了“无端制裁”并将俄罗斯列为敌方威胁。The trip marks Mr. Putin’s first visit to the region claimed by Japan in his quarter century rule. President Dmitry A. Medvedev visited one of the islands in 2010, becoming the first Russian or Soviet leader to do so. Japan denounced the visit and summoned the Russian ambassador to Japan in protest.此行是普京在25年执政期间首次访问日本声称拥有主权的这一地区。2010年，时任俄罗斯总统德米特里·A·梅德韦杰夫访问了其中一座岛屿，成为首位到访的俄罗斯或苏联领导人。日本当时谴责了此次访问，并召见俄罗斯驻日大使以示抗议。Previous Japanese leaders, including former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, a mentor to Ms. Takaichi, made efforts to win back some of the territory.包括高市早苗的导师、前首相安倍晋三在内，以往的日本领导人曾努力争取收回部分领土。But in 2019, hopes of a deal were dashed by Mr. Putin. He said that any agreement must have support from the public, which in Russia is strongly opposed to returning any islands to Japan.但2019年，达成协议的希望被普京打破。他表示任何协议都必须获得公众支持，而俄罗斯公众强烈反对将任何岛屿归还日本。Japan has made small efforts to improve relations with Russia in recent months, including sending a delegation of government officials to Moscow for trade talks and organizing cultural exchange trips. But it has maintained economic and trade sanctions against Moscow over the Ukraine war.近几个月来，日本为改善对俄关系做出了一些小努力，包括派遣政府官员代表团前往莫斯科进行贸易谈判，并组织文化交流活动。但日本仍然维持因乌克兰战争对莫斯科实施的经济和贸易制裁。A recent investigation by The New York Times found that Russian military intelligence has been using Japan as a hub to source components for its war effort, exploiting weak Japanese espionage laws and high-tech industry.《纽约时报》近期的一项调查发现，俄罗斯军事情报部门利用了日本薄弱的情报法律和发达的高科技产业，将日本作为采购战争物资部件的枢纽。Michito Tsuruoka, a professor at Keio University in Tokyo, said that Mr. Putin’s visit suggested that “there is no intention — particularly on the Russian side — to improve relations with Japan.”东京庆应义塾大学教授鹤冈路人表示，普京的访问表明“没有改善俄日关系的意图——尤其是俄罗斯方面”。“Russia’s narrative is that the deterioration of Japan-Russia relations is Japan’s fault,” he said. “From Japan’s perspective, of course, that is outrageous and untrue; the blame lies with Russia. It is essentially a case of ‘he said, she said,’ and Japan has no choice but to stand firm.”“俄方的说法是，日俄关系恶化是日本的过错，”他说，“从日本的角度来看，这当然荒谬且不实，责任在俄罗斯。这基本上就是各执一词，日本别无选择，只能坚定立场。”Kiuko Notoya自东京对本文有报道贡献。赫海威(Javier C. Hernández)是《纽约时报》东京分社社长，领导时报对日本及周边地区的报道。在过去十年的大部分时间里，他一直在亚洲进行报道，此前曾任驻华记者。Paul Sonne是莫斯科分社社长，领导对俄罗斯、高加索和中亚地区的报道。他常驻柏林。翻译：经雷点击查看本文英文版。