JOHN YOON, MUKTITA SUHARTONO, LAUREN DeCICCA2026年7月29日欧洲游客通常是东南亚几个著名度假小镇的经济支柱，如今他们已经取消了热带度假计划，转而选择离家更近的旅游目的地。 Lauren DeCicca for The New York TimesKhon Mony normally shuttles at least four groups of tourists on his tuk tuk to the ancient stone spires of Angkor Wat in Cambodia each week. But in all of May, he did not get a single customer.往常，孔莫尼（音）每周都会开着他的嘟嘟车接送至少四拨游客前往柬埔寨吴哥窟古老的石塔。但在整个5月，他连一个顾客都没接到。He blames the war raging more than 3,000 miles away in the Middle East.他将此归咎于4800多公里外中东地区激烈交战的冲突。Since the United States and Israel attacked Iran in late February, airfares have soared — doubled on some routes — and the fighting has repeatedly disrupted flights at the commercial aviation hubs of Dubai and Doha.自2月底美国和以色列袭击伊朗以来，机票价格直线飙升——部分航线的价格甚至翻了一倍——而且战事还屡次扰乱了迪拜和多哈等商业航空枢纽的航班运行。While the tourism industries of Cambodia, Indonesia and Thailand have largely been resilient because of regional travel, some towns and cities that rely on European travelers have suffered. Many European tourists have canceled trips to these hot spots in favor of holidays closer to home in recent months, travel industry officials said.尽管得益于区域内旅游需求，柬埔寨、印度尼西亚和泰国的旅游业在很大程度上保持了韧性，但一些依赖欧洲游客的城镇却遭受了重创。旅游业官员表示，近几个月来，许多欧洲游客取消了前往这些热门旅游地的行程，转而选择离家较近的地方度假。在吴哥窟寺庙群外等候乘客的嘟嘟车司机。 This has imposed immense financial difficulties on Mr. Khon, 30. Each time he prepared his 7-month-old baby’s formula, he said, he used one scoop of powdered milk instead of the recommended two and a half, so he could stretch a can from 10 days to three weeks.这给30岁的孔莫尼带来了巨大的财务困境。他说，每次为七个月大的婴儿冲泡配方奶粉时，他只放一勺奶粉，而不是建议的两勺半，这样一罐原打算吃10天的奶粉就能吃三个星期了。“I worry that my daughter is not healthy because I cannot give her enough milk like before,” said Mr. Khon, as he looked out across a quiet street in Siem Reap, a major tourism hub in Cambodia.“我担心我的女儿会不健康，因为我不能像以前那样给她足够的奶粉了，”孔莫尼望着柬埔寨主要旅游枢纽暹粒市一条冷清的街道说道。The fallout from the war is the most jarring disruption to Southeast Asia’s vital tourism industry since the Covid pandemic, according to travel industry officials.旅游业官员表示，这场战争的波及影响是自新冠疫情以来，对东南亚至关重要的旅游业所造成的最严重冲击。In Cambodia, international arrivals in the first three months of this year declined by 45 percent compared with the same period last year, tourism officials said. Mr. Khon said that he used to earn an average of about 82,000 Cambodian riel, or $20, a day ferrying visitors. That has now dropped to less than $5 a day.旅游官员表示，在柬埔寨，今年前三个月的国际游客入境人数与去年同期相比下降了45%。孔莫尼说，过去他每天接送游客平均能赚取约8.2万柬埔寨瑞尔（约合20美元）。现在这一数字已降至每天不到五美元。上个月，一名工作人员在暹粒吴哥国际机场内行走。今年前三个月，国际入境旅客人数较去年同期下降了45%。暹粒市中心一家艺术与时尚商店的员工。Businesses at Siem Reap Angkor International Airport have slashed work hours. Lam Lan, 25, a cook at an airport restaurant, said his shifts had been cut from 30 days a month to around 20 since March. His monthly earnings dropped from $250 to less than $150.暹粒吴哥国际机场的商家大幅削减了营业时间。25岁的机场餐厅厨师林兰（音）说，自3月份以来，他的排班已经从每月30天减少到了20天左右。他的月收入从250美元跌至不足150美元。After factoring in gasoline costs and debt payments, Mr. Lam said he had just enough to buy soy milk for his 1-year-old daughter while his wife was pregnant with their second child.林兰表示，在扣除汽油费和债务还款后，他手头的钱勉强够给一岁的女儿买豆奶，而他的妻子此刻正怀着二胎。“I am worried about my second baby because I do not have money saved for his birth,” Mr. Lan said.“我很担心我的第二个孩子，因为我还没有为他的出生攒下钱，”林兰说。Chrun Kimseng, 59, a tour guide who has led Spanish-speaking travelers through Angkor Wat for more than 30 years, said he was making 35 percent less than what he did before the Iran war started. To compensate, he started growing vegetables and raising chickens to reduce his food expenses.59岁的导游楚恩·金森（音）带领西班牙语游客游览吴哥窟已有30多年，他说，他现在的收入比这场伊朗战争爆发前减少了35%。为了弥补损失，他开始自己种菜养鸡，削减伙食开销。“My income now is only enough for survival,” he said.“现在的收入只够我勉强糊口，”他说。6月的暹粒市中心，通常热闹非凡的旅游胜地酒吧街。一名水疗中心员工在暹粒的店铺门前摆放一张打折招牌。In neighboring Thailand’s Phang Nga province, there is a similar crisis. Hotel bookings there have dropped by around 50 percent since the war began, local officials said.邻国泰国的攀牙府也面临着类似的危机。当地官员表示，自战争爆发以来，当地的酒店预订量下降了约50%。At Surakul Pier — the main gateway for boat tours to Koh Khao Phing Kan, an island that featured in a James Bond film — the financial damage was visible. Where a steady procession of minibuses and long-tail boats once carried thousands of tourists a day, dozens of vessels now sit idle, rocking quietly at their moorings.素拉古码头是乘船游览考平甘岛（曾在007系列电影中出镜的一座岛屿）的主要门户，在这里，经济受到的破坏清晰可见。过去，源源不断的小巴和长尾船每天运送数以千计的游客前来，而现在，数十艘船只只能闲置，在停泊处静静地摇晃。“I don’t know how long we can survive,” said Channipha Laklaem, 46, who collects the pier’s boat fees of 10 Thai baht, or $0.30. There had been almost no trips to collect fees from since the war began, she said.“我不知道我们还能撑多久，”46岁的钱尼帕·拉克莱姆说道，她负责收取码头每次10泰铢（约合0.30美元）的船费。她表示，自战争爆发以来，几乎没有机会去收取船费了。Her husband, a boat operator for 16 years, has not had any customers since April, she said. The family now relies entirely on her $243 monthly wage. She said she stopped along the roadside every evening on her way home to forage for wild ivy gourd leaves and melinjo fruit to boil into a basic soup for her husband and two children.她说，她的丈夫驾驶游船已经16年，但自4月份以来就再没接到过顾客。如今全家人完全仰赖她每月243美元的工资维生。她提到，现在每天傍晚下班回家的路上，她都会在路边停下，采摘野生的红瓜叶和买麻藤果，为丈夫和两个孩子煮一锅简单的汤。在素拉古码头，曾经每天都有源源不断的微型巴士和长尾船接送成千上万的游客。如今，数十艘船只却闲置在那里。查尼帕·拉克莱姆一家艺术与时尚商店的员工表示，自战争爆发以来，前往苏拉库尔码头的客流量急剧下降。该商店位于暹粒市中心。“We used to go out over the weekend for entertainment with the kids. We used to eat out,” Ms. Channipha said. “Not anymore. It’s a luxury we cannot afford.”“以前到了周末，我们经常带孩子们出去玩，也会去外面吃饭，”钱尼帕说。“现在不行了，那是我们负担不起的奢侈。”Rungrat Huailek, 53, who has run boat tours in Phang Nga for 30 years, said that with the European tourists gone, residents were cutting nonessential expenses. He said his monthly earnings had dropped from around $900 to about $300, and he was forced to burn through most of his savings.在攀牙府经营游船生意达30年的53岁男子伦格拉·怀莱克表示，随着欧洲游客消失，当地居民都在大幅削减非必要开支。他说，自己的月收入从900美元左右跌到了300美元左右，被迫耗尽了大部分积蓄。When his teenage daughter asked to go on a vacation during a recent school break, he asked her to buy a snack at the nearest convenience store. That, he said, was the only outing they could afford.最近学校放假期间，当十几岁的女儿提出想去度假时，他让她去最近的便利店买点零食。他说，那是他们唯一能负担得起的外出活动。“Things look so bleak now,” Mr. Rungrat said. “All I can do is pray and be patient.”“现在形势看起来非常严峻，”伦格拉先生说道。“我所能做的只有祈祷和忍耐。”随着欧洲游客的离开，泰国攀牙府的居民正在削减非必要开支。 The Indonesian island of Bali, a global tourist hot spot, has been more resilient. Its economy has been insulated from the shock of the Iran war by a steady stream of travelers from Australia and China. But local tour operators who catered specifically to European visitors said they were worried about the coming months.作为全球旅游热点的印度尼西亚巴厘岛则表现出了更强的韧性。源源不断的澳大利亚和中国游客使当地经济没有受到这场伊朗战争的冲击。然而，专门接待欧洲游客的当地旅行社经营者表示，他们对未来几个月的情况感到担忧。Governor Wayan Koster of Bali said the Iran war had reduced the number of European visitors who reached the island by transiting through Middle Eastern travel hubs. Putu Winastra, chairman of the island’s tour agency association, said he had frozen salaries at his company because he expected bookings to drop by 45 percent this year.巴厘岛省长瓦扬·科斯特表示，伊朗战争导致通过中东航空枢纽中转来到该岛的欧洲游客数量锐减。巴厘岛旅行社协会主席普图·维纳斯特拉表示，他已经冻结了公司员工的薪资，因为他预计今年的预订量将下降45%。Bali’s tourism officials have launched an urgent campaign to find new customers elsewhere, sending sales missions to Australia, China, Singapore and South Korea, Mr. Winastra said. The Indonesian government has also waived taxes on domestic economy airfares to encourage Indonesians to holiday at home.维纳斯特拉说，巴厘岛的旅游官员已经发起了一项紧急行动，努力在其他地区寻找新客源，并向澳大利亚、中国、新加坡和韩国派出了销售推介团。此外，印尼政府也已免除国内经济舱机票的相关税费，以鼓励印尼民众在国内度假。With no clear end to the war in sight, tourism workers are improvising to survive. Some boat operators in Phang Nga have returned to fishing or taken farm jobs. In the nearby Thai resort town of Khao Lak, nail beautician Nantipa Yamsantia, 41, said she had begun training to become a masseuse.鉴于战争何时结束尚不明朗，旅游从业者们正想方设法努力求生。攀牙府的一些游船经营者已经重操旧业去捕鱼，或是找了农场的工作。在附近的泰国度假小镇考拉，41岁的美甲师南蒂帕·扬桑蒂亚表示，她已经开始接受培训，准备转行做按摩师。在泰国著名的旅游胜地考拉克的一家餐厅里，有一位独行的游客。考拉克通常是游客熙熙攘攘的旅游中心。泰国一处几乎空无一人的海滩。In Siem Reap, Mr. Khon still shows up at the taxi stand every morning, waiting for fares that rarely materialize. A former kitchen hand, he is weighing whether to abandon his tuk-tuk entirely to look for restaurant work, even though local eateries are also trimming staff hours.在暹粒，孔莫尼每天早晨依然会去出租车停靠点报到，等待着那些极少出现的客源。他以前曾做过厨房帮工，现在正盘算着是否要彻底放弃这辆嘟嘟车，去餐馆找份工作，尽管当地的餐馆也都在缩减员工的工作时间。For now, he is cutting down on what he eats so he can give a little more porridge to his daughter.眼下，他只能靠节衣缩食，省下口粮让女儿能多喝一点粥。“I have no other choice,” he said.“我别无选择，”他说道。John Yoon是时报驻首尔记者，报道突发新闻和热门新闻。Muktita Suhartono报道泰国和印度尼西亚新闻。她常驻曼谷。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。