ANATOLY KURMANAEV2025年8月11日俄罗斯总统普京于周五在莫斯科与印度国家安全顾问阿吉特·多瓦尔会面，俄罗斯的国家媒体发布了此次会晤的照片。 Pool photo by Kristina KormilitsynaPresident Vladimir V. Putin of Russia on Friday briefed the leaders of China and India on his negotiations with the United States over Ukraine peace talks, according to the Kremlin. It is the latest example of the Kremlin’s overtures to major developing nations amid President Trump’s escalating global trade war.据克里姆林宫消息，俄罗斯总统普京上周五向中国和印度领导人通报了他与美国就乌克兰和平谈判的相关情况。在特朗普总统不断升级全球贸易战的背景下，这是克里姆林宫向主要发展中国家示好的最新例证。Mr. Putin has stepped up the pace of his public diplomacy since meeting Mr. Trump’s envoy Steve Witkoff in Moscow on Wednesday. That meeting led the White House and the Kremlin to announce separately that Mr. Trump and Mr. Putin could meet to discuss ending the war in Ukraine as soon as next week.自上周三在莫斯科会见特朗普的特使史蒂夫·维特科夫后，普京加快了公共外交的步伐。此次会面后，白宫和克里姆林宫分别宣布，特朗普和普京最快可能于本周会面，商讨结束乌克兰战争事宜。Ahead of the expected meeting, Mr. Putin appears to be shoring up support for his war strategy among global or regional powers that have either sided with Russia or remained neutral in the conflict. Mr. Putin spoke by telephone on Friday with President Xi Jinping of China and Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India, but neither Moscow nor Beijing disclosed the substance of their talks beyond offering vague promises to deepen cooperation.在这场预期中的会面之前，普京似乎正试图巩固那些在冲突中要么支持俄罗斯、要么保持中立的全球或地区大国对其战争策略的支持。普京周五与中国国家主席习近平和印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪通了电话，但莫斯科和北京均未透露通话的实质内容，仅表示了深化合作的笼统承诺。On Thursday, Mr. Putin met an Indian national security official in Moscow and spoke by telephone with President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa. In that period, Mr. Putin also spoke by telephone or in person with the leaders of Belarus, Kazakhstan, the United Arab Emirates and Uzbekistan.上周四，普京在莫斯科会见了一名印度国家安全事务官员，并与南非总统西里尔·拉马福萨通了电话。在此期间，普京还通过电话或当面与白俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、阿拉伯联合酋长国和乌兹别克斯坦的领导人进行了交流。China, India, Russia and South Africa, as well as Brazil, are the major members of the BRICS, a group of 10 developing nations. Those countries, apart from Russia, which already faces comprehensive American sanctions over the war in Ukraine, have seen their trade conditions with the United States worsen significantly since Mr. Trump returned to office in January.中国、印度、俄罗斯、南非以及巴西是金砖国家的主要成员，这是一个由10个发展中国家组成的集团。除了因乌克兰战争已面临美国全面制裁的俄罗斯外，自特朗普1月重返白宫以来，这些国家与美国的贸易状况均显著恶化。In most cases, Mr. Trump has framed higher tariffs on these nations as punishments for domestic policies, real or imagined, that he did not like. He has criticized South Africa as mistreating its white minority; called on Brazil to stop prosecuting former President Jair Bolsonaro, who is accused of planning to overthrow the government; and threatened to double tariffs on India for buying Russian oil.在大多数情况下，特朗普将对这些国家加征关税说成是对这些国家国内政策的惩罚——无论这些政策是否真地存在令他不满之处。他指责南非虐待白人少数群体；要求巴西停止起诉前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗（博索纳罗被指控策划推翻政府）；并威胁要将对印度的关税提高一倍，原因是印度购买俄罗斯石油。And The Trump administration has criticized China as flooding the United States with synthetic opioids and for buying Russian and Iranian oil, and accused it of exploiting the global trade system.特朗普政府还指责中国向美国大量输送合成阿片类药物、购买俄罗斯和伊朗石油，并指控中国利用全球贸易体系谋利。The governments of Brazil, China, India and South Africa have bristled at Mr. Trump’s accusations, which they called attacks on their sovereignty.巴西、中国、印度和南非政府对特朗普的指控表示强烈愤慨，称这些指控是对国家主权的侵犯。“The targeting of India is unjustified and unreasonable,” the country’s foreign ministry said in a statement this week after Mr. Trump threatened an additional 25 percent tariff on its goods if it did not stop buying Russian crude oil. “Like any major economy, India will take all necessary measures to safeguard its national interests and economic security,” the statement said.印度外交部上周在声明中表示：“针对印度的做法是不合理且毫无道理的。”此前，特朗普威胁称，如果印度不停止购买俄罗斯原油，将对其商品额外加征25%的关税。声明还称：“与任何主要经济体一样，印度将采取一切必要措施维护国家利益和经济安全。”Indian officials said this week that they intend to continue buying Russian oil, in effect defying Mr. Trump.印度官员上周表示，他们打算继续购买俄罗斯石油，这实际上是在公然违抗特朗普。There are tentative signs that Mr. Trump’s economic attacks are drawing the BRICS nations closer, at least in the diplomatic arena. Russia would be the most obvious beneficiary of closer cooperation among the major developing economies, because its own economy is largely frozen out of Western markets.有初步迹象表明，特朗普的经济打击正促使金砖国家走得更近，至少在外交领域是如此。主要发展中经济体之间更紧密的合作，最明显的受益者将是俄罗斯，因为其经济在很大程度上被排除在西方市场之外。Later in August, Mr. Xi will host Mr. Modi and Mr. Putin in China for a regional forum, in what will be a rare meeting of the leaders of competing Asian powers. Indian officials announced in Moscow this week that Mr. Putin plans to visit the country by the end of the year. And President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of Brazil visited Moscow for a military parade in May, his first trip to Russia in 15 years.8月晚些时候，习近平将在中国主办一个地区论坛，届时莫迪和普京将出席，这将是相互竞争的亚洲大国领导人罕见的会面。印度官员本周在莫斯科宣布，普京计划于年底前访问印度。巴西总统卢拉·达席尔瓦5月访问莫斯科并出席了一场阅兵式，这是他15年来首次访俄。Anatoly Kurmanaev报道俄罗斯及其在入侵乌克兰后的转变。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。