To meet the rising demand for energy and the increase in global renewable energy capacity, there is a clear need to expand critical mineral mining activities. Mining for metals and minerals, such as cobalt, copper, and lithium, has increased significantly in recent years and is expected to keep rising in line with the growing global demand. Although this has been widely supported by governments aiming to accelerate a green transition, some environmentalists and community groups are not so enthusiastic about the mining activities, which they are…