DAVID PIERSON, VICTORIA KIM2025年7月16日澳大利亚总理安东尼·阿尔巴尼斯周一抵达北京。 Lukas Coch/AAP, via ReutersSince landing in Shanghai this weekend, Australia’s prime minister has repeatedly highlighted China’s importance to his country. He has talked up how Australia supplies more than half of China’s iron ore imports, how Chinese tourists spend billions of dollars every year in Australia and how Australian cherries, beef and wine feature in Lunar New Year celebrations in China.澳大利亚总理自上周末抵达上海以来已多次强调中国对澳大利亚的重要性。他大力强调中国进口的铁矿石中有一半以上来自澳大利亚，中国的游客每年在澳大利亚花掉几十个亿，还有中国人过春节的时候爱买澳大利亚的车厘子、牛肉和葡萄酒。On Tuesday, Anthony Albanese met with China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, in Beijing, pushing for even deeper ties with his country’s largest trading partner.周二，安东尼·阿尔巴尼斯在北京与中国最高领导人习近平举行了会晤，推动与澳大利亚最大贸易伙伴建立更加紧密的关系。Neither leader publicly mentioned the United States or President Trump but the backdrop of Washington’s volatile trade policies and increasing demands on allies was apparent. Both Mr. Albanese and Mr. Xi said they had pledged to strengthen their relationship and look for areas of cooperation, a sign of the allure of the Chinese economy and the limits of Mr. Trump’s push for U.S. partners to restrict trade with China.虽然两国领导人都没有公开提及美国或特朗普总统，但华盛顿多变的贸易政策及要求盟友承担更多责任的背景显而易见。阿尔巴尼斯和习近平都表示，双方承诺加强双边关系，寻找合作领域。这显示出中国经济的吸引力，也凸显了特朗普要求美国盟友限制对华贸易的政策所面临的局限性。Mr. Xi said ties between China and Australia should continue to grow “no matter how the international landscape may evolve.”习近平说，“无论国际风云如何变化”，中澳关系都将继续发展。“I note your comments in your opening remarks about seeking common ground while sharing differences, that approach has indeed produced very positive benefits for both Australia and for China,” Mr. Albanese responded.“我注意到您在开场白中提到求同存异，这种做法确实已给澳大利亚和中国带来了实实在在的福祉，”阿尔巴尼斯回答说。Mr. Albanese has made stabilizing relations with China a hallmark of his foreign policy. But he faces an increasingly delicate balancing act between maintaining ties with Australia’s most important ally, the United States, and its biggest economic patron, China. He is trying to bolster trade with China, even as Beijing asserts its military dominance closer and closer to Australia’s shores.阿尔巴尼斯把稳定对华关系作为他外交政策的标志。但他需要越来越小心地平衡澳大利亚与美国和中国的关系，美国是澳大利亚最重要的盟友，中国是澳大利亚最大的经济主顾。尽管中国在越来越靠近澳大利亚海岸线的区域展示军事主导地位，阿尔巴尼斯仍然努力加强与中国的贸易往来。Mr. Xi acknowledged the turnaround in ties, saying relations “have emerged from their low point.”习近平承认两国关系出现了转折，称“中澳关系近年来走出低谷”。阿尔巴尼斯周二在北京与习近平举行会晤。Mr. Albanese also met with Premier Li Qiang, China’s second-highest-ranking official, on Tuesday.阿尔巴尼斯还在周二与中国国务院总理李强举行了会晤。But despite his efforts to keep the trip focused on trade, questions about security loomed over the six-day visit. Mr. Albanese’s arrival in Shanghai coincided with a report in the Financial Times that the Pentagon was pressuring Australia and Japan to specify what they would do if China and the United States went to war over Taiwan, the self-governed island claimed by Beijing.尽管他努力把这次访问的重点放在贸易议题上，但安全问题仍笼罩着为期六天的行程。就在阿尔巴尼斯抵达上海的时候，《金融时报》报道称，五角大楼正在向澳大利亚和日本施压，要求它们明确说明，如果中美因台湾问题开战的话，两国将采取怎样的立场。中国政府声称对自治的台湾拥有主权。After their meeting, Mr. Albanese said Mr. Xi made no mention of U.S. demands regarding Taiwan. The prime minister said he reaffirmed Australia’s position of supporting the “status quo” on Taiwan.阿尔巴尼斯与习近平见面后表示，习近平并未提及美国在台湾问题上的相关要求。阿尔巴尼斯说，他重申了澳大利亚的立场，那就是支持台湾维持“现状”。Both Japan and Australia are U.S. allies, but committing to a response in such a war would be crippling to their important trade relationships with China, and highly unusual on the world stage. Even the United States itself will not say whether it would go to war for Taiwan, as part of a decades-old policy that aims to both deter China from attacking and dissuade Taiwan from seeking formal independence.日本和澳大利亚都是美国的盟友，但如果承诺在那样一场战争中做出响应，将严重冲击它们与中国的重要贸易关系，而且提前表态在国际舞台上也将是极不寻常的举动。即便是美国自己也并未明确表示是否会为台湾而开战，保持战略模糊正是其数十年来对台政策的核心——既要威慑中国发动攻击，也要劝阻台湾寻求正式独立。But Washington could try to exert pressure on Canberra. Last month, the Pentagon said it was reviewing whether a three-way security pact with Britain to equip Australia with nuclear-powered submarines aligns with the Trump administration’s “America First criteria.”但华盛顿仍可能向堪培拉施压。五角大楼上月表示，正在审查与与英国达成的为澳大利亚配备核动力潜艇的三方安全协议是否符合特朗普政府的“美国优先标准”。“The tightrope along which it’s been walking between the U.S. and China just got pulled tighter at both ends,” said James Curran, a historian at the University of Sydney.“澳大利亚一直在美中之间走钢丝，现在钢丝的两端都拉得更紧了，”悉尼大学历史学家詹姆斯·柯兰说。Mr. Xi’s team will likely privately underscore to Australian officials how U.S. calls for greater commitments over Taiwan make Washington an increasingly unreliable partner.习近平的团队很可能会私下向澳大利亚官员强调，美国要求澳方在台湾问题上作出更大承诺的做法，表明华盛顿正成为一个越来越不可靠的伙伴。Beijing is trying to persuade countries like Australia not to enter trade deals with the United States that would restrict Chinese exports. China has been casting itself as a defender of the global trading system, criticizing the Trump administration for disrupting the international economy with tariffs.北京正试图说服澳大利亚等国家不要与美国签署会限制中国出口的贸易协议。中国一直将自己塑造成全球贸易体系的捍卫者，批评特朗普政府以关税手段扰乱国际经济秩序。“In the face of the chaotic international situation, all countries should work together to uphold international justice, safeguard multilateralism and free trade,” Mr. Xi said during the leaders’ meeting.“面对变乱交织的国际形势，各国要共同维护国际公平正义，维护多边主义和自由贸易，”习近平在会晤时说。Asked later how Mr. Trump’s trade policies have affected Sino-Australian ties, Mr. Albanese deflected, saying “Our relationship with China is very separate from that.”当被问及特朗普的贸易政策如何影响中澳关系时，阿尔巴尼斯避开话锋，称“我们与中国的关系与此完全无关”。Mr. Albanese’s first visit to Beijing as prime minister in 2023 came after several years of barbed rhetoric and punishing trade restrictions on Australian exports under an earlier government. Since then, Australia has largely played up the importance of the economic relationship while remaining restrained in talking about China as a security threat.阿尔巴尼斯2023年以总理身份首次访华，此前数年，在澳大利亚前政府时期，两国关系充满尖锐言辞，澳大利亚出口也受到中国的惩罚性贸易限制。此后澳大利亚坚持强调双边经济关系的重要性，同时在谈论中国威胁时保持克制。In a sign of both nations’ desire for improved relations, on Tuesday, some of the points of contention between the appeared to have been glossed over or simply not broached.在周二的会谈中，双方似乎淡化了若干争议点，甚至避而不谈，这体现了两国改善关系的共同意愿。Mr. Albanese said Mr. Xi did not bring up the port of Darwin, whose lease is held, controversially, by a Chinese company. The Australian leader said he talked about Yang Hengjun, an Australian held on national security charges in China and facing a death sentence, but that no “immediate outcome” should be expected.阿尔巴尼斯表示，习近平并未提及达尔文港的问题，该港口的租赁权由一家中国公司持有，这在澳大利亚国内引发了争议。阿尔巴尼斯还表示，他谈到了杨恒均案——这位澳大利亚公民因国家安全指控被中国监禁，并面临死刑判决，但他也指出，不应对该案“立即取得进展”抱有期待。Still, Mr. Albanese’s approach in doubling down on economic relations carries its own pitfalls, said Michael Shoebridge, an analyst at Strategic Analysis Australia and a former defense and intelligence official.然而，澳大利亚战略分析研究所分析师、前国防情报官员迈克尔·休布里奇指出，阿尔巴尼斯加码经济关系的做法也暗藏风险。“The thing that he overlooks is the enormous vulnerability and risk in deepening Australia’s already extraordinary level of trade dependence,” Mr. Shoebridge said. “It turns out that greed beats fear every time.”“他忽视的是，澳大利亚本已极高的贸易依赖度若进一步加深，将带来巨大的脆弱性和风险，”休布里奇说。“到头来，贪婪总是战胜恐惧。"Berry Wang自香港对本文有报道贡献。Victoria Kim是时报驻澳大利亚记者，常驻悉尼，报道澳大利亚、新西兰和泛太平洋地区。David Pierson报道中国外交政策和中国与世界的经济与文化交互。他从事新闻工作已超过20年。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。