This Roth IRA rule confuses most savers — and could trigger surprise taxes. How to make sure you don’t get caught

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So contributions are made on an after-tax basis, but once your money is in, it can grow tax-free. You can also withdraw your money without tax consequences, but only if you follow all the rules.Thanks to Jeff Bezos, you can now become a landlord for as little as $100 — and no, you don't have to deal with tenants or fix freezers. Here's howNew 2026 IRA rules are here. See how to protect your nest egg from inflation before the next tax deadline with physical gold. Get your free guide from Priority GoldDave Ramsey warns nearly 50% of Americans are making 1 big Social Security mistake — here’s what it is and the simple steps to fix it ASAPLike most other tax advantages, the Roth IRA comes with a hefty baggage of rules that are not only complicated but also frequently changed by lawmakers. Perhaps the trickiest one is the 5-year rule. Even experienced investors trip over this one and end up paying severe penalties.If you’re new to the Roth IRA account and worried about this pitfall, here’s what you need to know.As the name suggests, the five-year rule is actually a countdown clock.The clock starts when you first make a contribution to a Roth IRA. So if you open a Roth IRA account in 2026, you must wait five years, or until 2031, to withdraw earnings from this account without any penalties or taxes (1).If you’re converting funds to a Roth IRA, a separate five-year clock applies. So if you start a new Roth IRA in 2026 and make your first contribution this year, but convert some money from another retirement account to a Roth IRA in 2027, you must wait until 2032 to withdraw the converted amount penalty-free.Withdrawing before the five-year clock runs out is considered an unqualified distribution, which generally attracts a 10% additional tax from the IRS.If all this sounds overwhelming, it gets worse. There are several exemptions to the rules that could help you avoid the penalties and tax bills, but these rules are also subject to change by lawmakers, so you need to monitor the tax code consistently to stay compliant.For instance, before 2019, anyone who inherited a Roth IRA account generally had to take required minimum distributions (RMDs) to draw down the account within five years. But the SECURE ACT changed the five-year rule to a 10-year rule for anyone who inherited a Roth IRA (2).Terms and Privacy PolicyPrivacy & Cookie SettingsMore InfoTrending tickersBTC-USD Bitcoin USD 66,970.95 -117.22 (-0.17%)ETH-USD Ethereum USD 2,041.14 -10.30 (-0.50%)XRP-USD XRP USD 1.30 -0.01 (-0.98%)SPCE Virgin Galactic Holdings, Inc. 2.4600 +0.0600 (+2.50%)SOL-USD Solana USD 79.79 -0.41 (-0.51%)PortfolioSign in to access your portfolioSign inTop gainersAAOI Applied Optoelectronics, Inc. 103.91 +17.56 (+20.34%)SBAC SBA Communications Corporation 204.04 +32.48 (+18.93%)YSS York Space Systems, Inc. 28.03 +4.43 (+18.77%)VSAT Viasat, Inc. 53.69 +8.46 (+18.70%)LUNR Intuitive Machines, Inc. 23.99 +3.75 (+18.53%)Top losersKNF Knife River Corporation 73.91 -8.20 (-9.99%)WIX Wix.com Ltd. 81.95 -8.55 (-9.45%)PBH Prestige Consumer Healthcare Inc. 52.48 -5.20 (-9.02%)ENPH Enphase Energy, Inc. 34.92 -3.36 (-8.78%)RGC Regencell Bioscience Holdings Limited 30.80 -2.92 (-8.66%)Most activeNVDA NVIDIA Corporation 177.39 +1.64 (+0.93%)INTC Intel Corporation 50.38 +2.35 (+4.89%)NOK Nokia Oyj 8.82 +0.55 (+6.65%)PLUG Plug Power Inc. 2.4100 +0.1600 (+7.11%)TSLA Tesla, Inc. 360.59 -20.67 (-5.42%)Top economic eventsEarnings eventsMy earnings eventsEarnings events