JERÉ LONGMAN2026年3月30日2011年，李昌钰在康涅狄格州纽黑文大学——他在那里任教逾50年。尽管他参与过众多备受关注的案件，但最引人瞩目的，莫过于1995年的辛普森案。 Jessica Hill/Associated PressHenry C. Lee, a renowned forensic scientist who testified in numerous high-profile criminal cases, most notably the 1995 murder trial of the former football star O.J. Simpson, died on Friday at his home in Henderson, Nev. He was 87.曾为无数轰动一时的刑事案件出庭作证、并因1995年前橄榄球明星辛普森杀妻案审判而闻名遐迩的著名刑事鉴识专家李昌钰，于周五在内华达州亨德森的家中去世，享年87岁。His death, following a brief illness, was announced by his family and the University of New Haven in Connecticut, where he was a professor for more than 50 years.他的家人及其任教超过50年的康涅狄格州纽黑文大学宣布了他的死讯，称其去世前曾短暂患病。Dr. Lee served as a consultant to some 600 law enforcement agencies and testified more than 1,000 times in criminal and civil court in the United States and abroad, the university said. In 2000, The New York Times called him “perhaps the world’s most highly regarded forensic criminologist,” though his reputation was called into question later in his career.校方表示，李昌钰博士曾为大约600家执法机构提供咨询，并在美国及海外的刑事和民事法庭出庭作证超过1000次。2000年，《纽约时报》称他“或许是世界上最受尊敬的鉴识犯罪学家”，不过在职业生涯后期，他的声誉也曾受到质疑。Many of his cases were widely publicized, but none drew more attention than the Simpson case, which became a deliberation about race in America. Dr. Lee testified for the defense, saying that there was “something wrong” with the way the Los Angeles Police Department had handled the blood that was collected as evidence.他参与的案件中，许多都广为人知，但最受关注的无疑是辛普森案，该案在很大程度上演变为一场关于美国种族问题的公共讨论。李昌钰在庭审中为辩方作证，称洛杉矶警察局处理收集到的血液证据的方式“存在问题”。His testimony supported the defense team’s suggestion that the evidence could have been tampered with and that officers might have planted Mr. Simpson’s blood at the crime scene. Mr. Simpson was acquitted of the murder of Nicole Brown Simpson, his former wife, and her friend, Ronald L. Goldman.他的证词支持了辩方的说法，即相关证据可能被篡改，警方也可能在案发现场栽赃辛普森的血迹。最终，辛普森被判无罪，未被认定谋杀前妻妮可·布朗·辛普森及其友人罗纳德·戈德曼的指控。Dr. Lee served as a consultant on other cases that drew extensive public attention, including the 1996 killing of 6-year-old JonBenet Ramsey in Colorado and the 2007 murder trial of the record producer Phil Spector.李昌钰还曾担任过其他多起引发社会广泛关注的案件顾问，包括1996年科罗拉多州六岁女童乔贝妮特·拉姆齐遇害案，以及2007年唱片制作人菲尔·斯派克特的杀人案审理。But it was in 1986, when he identified a murdered woman based on the fragments of bone, teeth and fingernails he was able to find after her body had been put through a wood-chipping machine, that he began to make a name for himself. He helped to convict her husband in what became Connecticut’s first murder conviction without a corpse.但真正让他声名鹊起的是1986年的一宗案件——当时一名女子的尸体被投入碎木机，他仅凭现场所能找到的骨骼、牙齿和指甲碎片确认了死者身份。他还协助定罪了这名女子的丈夫，这起案件成为康涅狄格州首例无尸定罪的杀人案。Dr. Lee also once managed to have 11 miles of one of the nation’s busiest highways shut down overnight to recreate a shooting on the New Jersey Turnpike. His career, The Times wrote in 2000, “tipped the balance in favor of crime-fighting as science rather than art.”李昌钰还曾让美国最繁忙的高速公路之一——新泽西收费公路在夜间封闭了约18公里，以便模拟一起枪击事件。《纽约时报》在2000年写道，他的职业生涯“推动了刑侦从一门技艺转向一门科学”。He did not, however, hesitate to use theatricality in the courtroom when he considered it necessary. He dropped red ink from a fountain pen held at various heights and angles to show jurors how blood splatters could reveal the way a crime had been committed. He used ketchup and mustard as props to demonstrate how a sequence of multiple stabbings could be determined.不过，只要他认为有必要，他并不避讳在法庭上运用戏剧化性手法。他曾拿着钢笔，从不同的高度和角度滴下红墨水，向陪审员演示血迹喷溅如何揭示犯罪过程。他还曾用番茄酱和芥末酱作为道具，演示如何判定多次捅刺的先后顺序。1995年辛普森案审判中，李昌钰为辩方出庭作证。He also used his dry wit on the witness stand. In 1991, he testified for the defense in a sexual assault trial that resulted in the acquittal of William Kennedy Smith, a nephew of former President John F. Kennedy.在证人席上，他也时常展现冷幽默。1991年，他曾为前总统约翰·肯尼迪的侄子威廉·肯尼迪·史密斯的性侵案审判担任辩方证人，该案最终以被告无罪开释告终。When asked by the prosecution why he had used a silk handkerchief to rub on the grass in front of the Kennedy compound in Palm Beach, Fla., to see if the grass would have left stains on the accuser’s panties, Dr. Lee replied, “Usually, I do not carry panties. I carry handkerchief.”当控方问他为什么在佛罗里达州棕榈滩的肯尼迪庄园前用一块丝绸手帕摩擦草坪（以测试草地是否会在原告的内裤上留下污渍）时，李昌钰回答道：“一般情况下，我不会随身携带内裤，我带的是手帕。”Henry Chang-yuh Lee was born on Nov. 22, 1938, in Rugao, China, northwest of Shanghai. His father, Homing Lee, and mother, Annfu Wang, were business owners. The family fled to Taiwan in the 1940s, during a period of conflict between the Nationalists and the Communists in China.李昌钰1938年11月22日出生在上海西北方向的如皋。他的父亲李浩民和母亲王岸佛均为商人。20世纪40年代，正值国共冲突，他们举家迁往台湾。While traveling separately to meet the family in Taiwan, his father was killed in a shipwreck, and his mother had to raise 13 children alone, Dr. Lee said in 2016, during an appearance at a Connecticut high school.2016年，李昌钰在康涅狄格州一所高中发表的演讲中提到，当年全家分别前往台湾汇合，他的父亲在海难中丧生。母亲不得不独自抚养13个孩子。Their once-affluent family was left with little money. As a child, he owned one pair of shoes, he said, and he took them off during his two-mile walk to school to keep them from wearing out.这个曾经富裕的家庭从此家境拮据。他说，自己小时候只有一双鞋，在每天步行三公里上学时常把鞋脱下来拎在手里，以免把鞋磨坏。His mother, who lived to be more than 100 years old, pushed him to succeed, spanking him when he didn’t do his homework. “Today, they would call it child abuse,” he said. “But I thank her for it.”他的母亲活到了100多岁，一直督促他出人头地，如果他不写作业就会挨打。“放在今天，这会被称为虐待儿童，”他说。“但我对此心存感激。”After finishing school, he enrolled at a police academy, one of the few opportunities available to him, and became a captain with the Taipei City Police Department. He married Margaret Song in 1962, and in 1965 they left for New York at the urging of his sister Sylvia Lee-Huang, a biochemistry professor at New York University.完成学业后，他进入了警察学校——那是当时他为数不多的出路之一——后在台北市警察局任巡官。1962年，他与宋妙娟结婚；1965年，在姐姐、纽约大学生物化学教授李小枫的劝说下，两人前往纽约发展。At the time, he knew four words of English, he told The Times in 2000, and worked as a waiter, groundskeeper, stock boy and martial arts instructor while attending the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, where he earned a bachelor’s degree in forensic science in 1972. He went on to earn a master’s degree in biochemistry in 1974 and a doctorate in 1975, both from New York University, before joining the University of New Haven, where he founded the forensic science program.他在2000年接受《纽约时报》采访时说，当时自己只会四个英语单词，一边在约翰杰伊刑事司法学院求学，一边做服务员、园丁、理货员和武术教练。1972年，他在那里获得刑事鉴识科学学士学位，随后于1974年和1975年在纽约大学分别取得生物化学硕士和博士学位。之后他加入纽黑文大学，并创立了刑事鉴识专业。From 1978 to 2000, Dr. Lee served as the chief criminalist for the State of Connecticut and the director of the state’s Police Forensic Science Laboratory. From 1998 to 2000, he also served as commissioner of the Connecticut Department of Public Safety and the Connecticut State Police.从1978年到2000年，李昌钰担任康涅狄格州首席刑事专家兼州警政鉴识科学实验室主任。1998年至2000年间，他还担任了康涅狄格州公共安全部部长及州警察局局长。Dr. Lee’s first wife died in 2017. He is survived by Xiaping Jiang, whom he married in 2018; two children, Sherry Hersey and Stanley Lee, from his first marriage; two stepsons, Yan Liu and Tianchen Liu; four grandchildren; and his sister Sylvia.李昌钰的第一任妻子于2017年去世。他的遗属包括：2018年与他结为连理的蒋霞萍；第一段婚姻留下的两个孩子李孝美和李孝约；两名继子刘焱和刘天辰；四名孙辈；以及姐姐李小枫。In the mid-1980s, in the so-called preppy murder case, Dr. Lee was hired by the team defending Robert E. Chambers Jr., who was accused of murdering Jennifer Levin in Central Park. Dr. Lee was never called to testify because he told Mr. Chambers’s lawyer, Jack Litman, that his client was “guilty as hell.” Mr. Chambers pleaded guilty to manslaughter in 1988.上世纪80年代中期，在所谓的“预科生谋杀案”中，李昌钰受雇于罗伯特·钱伯斯的辩护团队，后者被控在中央公园谋杀了詹妮弗·莱文。然而，李昌钰从未被传唤出庭作证，因为他告诉钱伯斯的律师杰克·利特曼，他的当事人“简直罪大恶极”。1988年，钱伯斯对过失杀人罪表示认罪。Later in life, Dr. Lee faced scrutiny himself, as his work on two cases and his reputation were challenged.到了后期，李昌钰本人也面临严苛的审视，他在两起案件中的表现及其个人声誉都遭到了质疑。In 2007, the judge in the murder trial of Mr. Spector ruled that Dr. Lee, a consultant for the defense, had removed something from the crime scene and hidden it from the prosecution.2007年，在菲尔·斯佩克特谋杀案的审理中，法官裁定，作为辩方顾问的李昌钰曾从案发现场取走某样物品，并对检方隐瞒。Prosecutors contended that it was a piece of fingernail that would have shown that the actress Lana Clarkson had resisted having a gun placed in her mouth before being shot at Mr. Spector’s California home. The defense claimed that she had shot herself.检方称，那是一片指甲碎片，它可以证明将表明女演员拉娜·克拉克森在斯佩克特位于加州的住所被枪杀前，曾试图反抗对方将枪塞入自己口中。辩方则称她是自杀。The judge did not hold Dr. Lee in contempt, and Dr. Lee denied taking anything from the crime scene. After the first trial ended in a hung jury, Mr. Spector was convicted of second-degree murder in 2009.法官并未以藐视法庭罪追究李昌钰责任，李昌钰也否认从案发现场拿走过任何物品。在第一次审判因陪审团无法达成一致而未能做出裁决后，斯佩克特于2009年被判二级谋杀罪成立。In 2023, Connecticut’s attorney general agreed to a $25 million settlement with two men who had spent three decades in jail after being convicted of murder. Those convictions, which were overturned in 2020, had been based in part on testimony by Dr. Lee regarding the supposed presence of blood on a towel. A federal judge ruled that Dr. Lee had fabricated the evidence, saying that there was no corroboration that he had conducted any blood tests on the towel.2023年，康涅狄格州总检察长同意与两名男子达成2500万美元的和解，他们此前因谋杀罪被定罪并入狱30年。这些定罪于2020年被推翻，而当年的定罪部分依据是李昌钰关于一条毛巾上存在血迹的证词。联邦法官裁定李昌钰伪造了该证据，并表示没有任何证据能证明他曾对那块毛巾进行过任何血迹测试。Dr. Lee defended himself in a statement, saying, “I have no motive nor reason to fabricate evidence.”李昌钰在一份声明中为自己辩护道：“我没有任何动机，也没有理由去伪造证据。”Jeré Longman是时报讣告版记者，偶尔也撰写体育相关报道。翻译：杜然点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site