Talking to YouTuber Cleo Abram in a recent interview, the Google DeepMind CEO said his original motivation for entering AI was to harness the world’s data to tackle fundamental questions—about the nature of reality and consciousness, among others. But that long-term vision shifted dramatically with the arrival of ChatGPT in November 2022, the viral success of which reset the industry and accelerated the pace at which everyone now operates. Compounding the issue are the risks of AI that are still not fully known. These include its misuse by bad actors for harmful purposes.