黄安伟, ROBERT JIMISON2026年3月2日去年台湾年度汉光军事演习期间，空军爱国者导弹系统部署于当地公园。 I-Hwa Cheng/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesThe Trump administration has delayed announcing a package of arms sales to Taiwan valued at billions of dollars to avoid upsetting Xi Jinping, China’s leader, ahead of President Trump’s planned trip to Beijing in April, U.S. officials said.美国官员透露，特朗普政府推迟宣布一项价值数十亿美元的对台军售计划，目的是避免在特朗普计划中的4月访问北京之前激怒中国领导人习近平。The weapons sale, which includes air-defense missiles, is in an advanced stage. Senior Republican and Democratic lawmakers approved the package after the State Department sent it to them in January for informal review.这项军售计划已进入后期阶段，内容包括防空导弹。美国国务院于1月将其送交国会进行非正式审查后，共和党与民主党的高层议员均已批准。However, since then, the sales package has languished in the State Department, the officials said. Administration officials have told some involved in the approval of the sale that the White House ordered agencies not to move forward to ensure that Mr. Trump has a successful summit with Mr. Xi, one official said.然而官员表示，自那时起，该销售方案便在国务院搁置。一名官员称，政府官员已告知部分参与审批的人员，白宫下令各机构不得推进，以确保特朗普与习近平的峰会取得成功。Another official said the package has a total value of about $13 billion, compared with the $11 billion sale that the Trump administration announced in December. The U.S. officials spoke to The New York Times on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive diplomatic and security matters.另一位官员指出，该方案总价值约130亿美元，超过了特朗普政府去年12月宣布的110亿美元军售。由于涉及敏感的外交与安全事务，这些美国官员在接受《纽约时报》采访时要求匿名。The State Department said it does not comment on pending arms sales. “This administration has been very clear that the enduring U.S. commitment to Taiwan continues, as it has for over four decades,” it said in a statement.国务院对此表示不评论待定的军售，但在声明中称：“本届政府已明确表示，美国对台湾的长期承诺将一如既往地持续，正如过去四十多年来所做的那样。”The White House referred questions to the State Department.白宫建议向国务院询问该问题。The topic of U.S. arms sales to Taiwan came up in a Feb. 4 call between Mr. Trump and Mr. Xi, according to a summary of the conversation from Chinese state news organizations.根据中国官方媒体发布的通话简报，美对台军售话题出现在2月4日特朗普与习近平的通话中。“The U.S. must handle arms sales to Taiwan with extreme caution,” Mr. Xi told Mr. Trump, according to the summary. Mr. Xi also warned Mr. Trump that the U.S. position on Taiwan was “the most important issue in China-U.S. relations” and that China “will never allow Taiwan to be separated from China.”习近平告诉特朗普：“美方务必慎重处理对台军售问题。”他还警告称，台湾问题是“中美关系中最重要的问题”，中国“永远不可能让台湾分裂出去”。In a social media post that day, Mr. Trump listed the issue of Taiwan among more than a half-dozen topics, and said the call was “all very positive.” The two leaders have been planning to meet in Beijing this spring, which would be the first time since they talked in person last October in Busan, South Korea. They agreed in Busan to a yearlong truce in a trade war that Mr. Trump had started. The thorny subject of Taiwan, a democratic island with de facto independence that is claimed by China, did not come up.特朗普当天在社交媒体上发文，列出了该次通话中涵盖的多个话题，台湾问题也在其中，他称此次通话“非常积极”。两位领导人计划于今年春天在北京会面，这将是继去年10月两人在韩国釜山会晤后的首次面对面接触。当时他们在釜山达成协议，对特朗普发起的贸易战实施为期一年的休战，而棘手的台湾问题——中国宣称对这个具有事实独立地位的民主岛屿拥有主权——并未被提及。On Feb. 16, Mr. Trump told reporters that he was considering what to do about arms sales to Taiwan, given that Mr. Xi opposes them.2月16日，特朗普告诉记者，鉴于习近平的反对，他正在考虑如何处理对台军售。“I’m talking to him about it,” he said aboard Air Force One.他在空军一号上说：“我正在和他讨论这个问题。”Mr. Trump did not clarify what he meant by that. Some experts on U.S.-China policy said Mr. Trump could be violating a diplomatic agreement called the Six Assurances, a pillar of U.S.-Taiwan and U.S.-China policies. Those assurances were sent by the Reagan administration to Taiwan’s president in 1982, and one is generally understood to say that the U.S. government would not consult with China before an arms sale to Taiwan.特朗普并未阐明此话具体所指。一些中美政策专家表示，特朗普此举可能违反了被称为“六项保证”的外交协议——这是美台及美中政策的支柱。这些保证由里根政府于1982年向台湾发出，其中一项普遍被理解为：美国政府在对台军售前不会征询中国意见。The proposed package includes interceptor missiles for Patriot air-defense launchers, anti-drone equipment and NASAMS, another missile-based air-defense system, an official said. There are also small arms and maintenance and sustainment items.官员表示，拟议的方案包括爱国者防空系统拦截导弹、反无人机设备，以及另一种基于导弹的防空系统NASAMS，此外还包括轻型武器及维修保养配件。The Financial Times first reported on the compiling of an arms package, and The Wall Street Journal later reported on hesitation among U.S. officials to move forward with it.《金融时报》最早报道了该军售方案的配置情况，《华尔街日报》随后报道了美国官员对推进该方案的犹豫。The fact that the Trump administration has halted the package at an advanced stage of the process, after informal approval from Congress, has not been previously reported.特朗普政府在方案获得国会非正式批准后，于推进过程的后期阶段叫停了该计划，这是此前未曾报道的消息。In general, the State Department sends proposed arms packages to a Senate committee and a House committee to be reviewed by the top lawmakers from both parties on those panels. If the lawmakers grant informal approval, then the department generally announces the sale publicly soon afterward and sends the package to Congress for pro forma official approval.通常，国务院将拟议的军售方案送交参众两院委员会，由两党在委员会中的高层议员审议。若议员们给予非正式批准，国务院通常会很快公开宣布销售，并将方案送交国会进行形式上的正式批准。The informal approval stage is significant. For example, Democratic congressional officials have spent weeks or months scrutinizing arms sales to Israel in recent years, as criticism has grown of the Israeli military’s killing of civilians in Gaza during a retaliation campaign against Hamas for its October 2023 attacks. The Trump administration has bypassed Congress three times to expedite arms shipments to Israel.非正式审批阶段至关重要。例如，随着以色列军队在针对哈马斯2023年10月袭击的报复行动中杀害加沙平民引发的批评声浪高涨，民主党议员近年来花费数周或数月审查对以色列军售。而特朗普政府曾三次绕过国会，加快向以色列运送武器。U.S. arms support for Taiwan has strong bipartisan support in Congress, and the 1979 Taiwan Relations Act obligates administrations to sell weapons of a defensive nature to the island. Lawmakers often quickly give approval to such packages.美国对台军援在国会拥有强大的跨党派支持，且1979年的《台湾关系法》要求历届政府向该岛出售防御性武器。议员们通常会迅速批准此类方案。Although senior U.S. officials pushed in the first Trump administration to bolster ties to the island, Mr. Trump has been dismissive of Taiwan in private, according to a memoir by John R. Bolton, a national security adviser in the first term.尽管特朗普第一任期的高级官员曾推动加强美台关系，但据第一任期内的国家安全顾问约翰·博尔顿的回忆录，特朗普在私下里对台湾表现得不屑一顾。By contrast, Mr. Trump has consistently expressed admiration for Mr. Xi, whom he calls a “very good friend,” even as he views China as a formidable trade rival. At the urging of U.S. businesses, he recently eased restrictions on the export of advanced semiconductor chips to China.相比之下，特朗普一直在表达对习近平的钦佩，称其为“非常好的朋友”，尽管他仍将中国视为强大的贸易对手。在美企的敦促下，他最近还放宽了对华出口先进半导体芯片的限制。黄安伟(Edward Wong)为《纽约时报》报道全球事务、美国外交政策和国务院新闻。Robert Jimison为时报报道国会新闻，主要关注国防议题和外交政策。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site