MOTOKO RICH2026年4月20日教宗良十四世周五在喀麦隆。他上周在非洲的强硬演讲标志着其言辞风格的转变。 Andrew Medichini/Associated PressFor months after his election last year, Pope Leo XIV often seemed quiet on sensitive issues, speaking carefully to soothe tensions both within the Roman Catholic world and with global leaders beyond it.在去年当选后的几个月里，良十四世教宗在敏感问题上往往保持沉默，发言谨慎，试图缓和罗马天主教内部以及与世界各国领导人之间的紧张关系。This was the week he found his voice.而过去这一周，他终于发出了自己的声音。On Monday, Leo unexpectedly addressed the Trump administration head-on after weeks of avoiding direct confrontation. Since early March, the pope had been criticizing the U.S.-Israeli war in Iran without mentioning President Trump by name.上周一，数周来一直避免直接对抗的良十四世出人意料地正面抨击了特朗普政府。自3月初以来，教宗一直批评美国与以色列在伊朗的战争，但始终没有点名特朗普总统。On Wednesday, in Cameroon, Leo — standing next to Paul Biya, Cameroon’s authoritarian president and the world’s oldest and longest-serving leader — called on authorities to abandon an “idolatrous thirst for profit.”周三，在喀麦隆，良十四世站在该国威权总统、保有世界最年长和在位最久领导人纪录的保罗·比亚身边，呼吁当局放弃“对利润的偶像崇拜般的渴求”。On Thursday, the pope made perhaps his most full-throated exhortation yet. He expressed “woe to those who manipulate religion and the very name of God for their own military, economic and political gain, dragging that which is sacred into darkness and filth.” Many news outlets interpreted that as an allusion to the Trump administration’s efforts to use Christianity to justify the Iran war, though the pope said on Saturday that the remarks were not aimed at the president.周四，教宗发表了或许是他迄今为止最强烈、最直率的劝诫。他表示：“那些为了自己的军事、经济和政治利益而操纵宗教乃至上帝之名，将神圣之物拖入黑暗与污秽之中的人，你们有祸了。”许多新闻媒体将此解读为暗指特朗普政府试图利用基督教为伊朗战争辩护，尽管教宗周六表示，这些言论并非针对特朗普总统。Nevertheless, it has been a watershed week for a pope who started his papacy last May facing constant comparisons with his predecessor Francis, the freewheeling pontiff whose revolutionary style and urge to shake up sacred rituals divided followers and earned him derision from conservative Catholics, particularly in the United States.但对于这位去年5月开始执掌教廷的教宗来说，这一周仍具有划时代意义。他从上任之初就不断被拿来与前任方济各比较。那位随性自由的教宗以革命性的风格和打破神圣礼仪的冲动分裂了信徒，并在保守派天主教徒中（尤其在美国）招致嘲讽。Leo, by contrast, has a mild-mannered temperament. Until recently, he had tended to deliver sober speeches rooted in scripture and careful nuance to avoid confrontational language. He wore traditional vestments and spoke Latin during Mass, both moves that diverged from Francis and pleased conservatives. From the very beginning of his papacy, he spoke about unity within the Catholic church, appearing to want to calm the church and draw conservatives back to the papal fold. And though he stood up for migrants and criticized U.S. attacks on Venezuela, he took a cautious tone while doing so, and tended to stick to scripted remarks.相比之下，良十四世性格温和。直到最近，他倾向于发表基于圣经、措辞谨慎且微妙的严肃演讲，避免使用对抗性语言。他在弥撒中穿着传统祭服并讲拉丁语，这两点都与方济各不同，令保守派深感欣慰。登位之初，他就强调天主教会的团结，似乎希望平息教会内的纷争，将保守派重新团结在教宗周围。虽然他为移民发声并批评美国对委内瑞拉的攻击，但在这样做时语气谨慎，且往往坚持事先准备好的讲稿。Some followers even hinted that he was, well, a bit boring.一些信徒甚至暗示，他……嗯，有点无聊。But that perception may be what allowed the pope to strike a more powerful tone now.但这种印象或许正是让他现在能够发出更强有力声音的原因。Early on, Leo was “taking care not to be perceived as simply Francis 2.0, or as somebody who would neatly be pigeonholed” into partisan political categories, said Nicholas Hayes-Mota, an expert on theological ethics at Santa Clara University, a Catholic institution in California.加州天主教大学圣克拉拉大学神学伦理专家尼古拉斯·海耶斯-莫塔表示，良十四世在初期“特别注意不让自己被简单视为‘方济各2.0’，也不愿被轻易归入任何党派政治类别”。“I think that was really important to him and very prudent, frankly,” Mr. Hayes-Mota said. “And so I think part of what’s allowing him to be more outspoken now is that he took his time.”“我认为这对他来说非常重要，而且坦率地说，非常明智，”海耶斯-莫塔说，“所以我认为，他现在能够更加直言不讳，部分原因正是因为他之前花了时间谨慎行事。”特朗普总统上周四在白宫外。分析人士称，他的对立态度促使教宗改变了语气。The pope’s comments came after a tumultuous period in which the Vatican found itself playing defense through several swirling news cycles.教宗的这些言论出现在梵蒂冈在一系列混乱新闻周期中不断防守的动荡时期之后。After Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth called on the American people to pray for victory in Iran “in the name of Jesus Christ,” the pope said in a Sunday homily that Jesus “does not listen to the prayers of those who wage war, but rejects them.” Leo later told Americans to call their representatives in Congress to protest the war.在国防部长皮特·海格塞斯呼吁美国民众“奉耶稣基督之名”为伊朗战争胜利祈祷后，教宗在周日讲道中表示，耶稣“不会听从那些发动战争之人的祈祷，反而会拒绝它们”。良十四世随后呼吁美国民众致电国会代表，抗议这场战争。An unsubstantiated report then emerged that Pentagon officials had conveyed a menacing message to a Vatican official. The Vatican and the U.S. government acknowledged that a meeting had occurred in January but denied any hostility.随后出现了一则未经证实的报道，称五角大楼官员向梵蒂冈官员传达了威胁性信息。梵蒂冈和美国政府均承认1月曾举行过一次会晤，但否认存在任何敌意。Then last Sunday, three influential American cardinals appeared on “60 Minutes” and criticized various Trump administration policies, with one saying that the Iran conflict was “not a just war.”接着在上上周日，三位有影响力的美国枢机主教现身《60分钟》节目，批评特朗普政府的多项政策，其中一人称伊朗冲突“不是一场正义的战争”。Hours later, Mr. Trump delivered a long screed against Leo on Truth Social, the president’s social media platform, calling him “terrible for foreign policy” and “catering to the Radical Left.”数小时后，特朗普在自己的社交媒体平台Truth Social上发表长篇抨击良十四世的言论，称他“在外交政策上糟糕透顶”，并“迎合激进左派”。Until then, Leo had been careful not to confront Mr. Trump directly.在那之前，良十四世一直小心避免直接对抗特朗普。But on Monday, Leo seemed to have had enough of prudence.但到了上周一，良十四世似乎已经受够了谨慎克制。Speaking with unusual spontaneity to journalists while flying to Africa on Monday, he said that he had “no fear” of the Trump administration and that he would “continue to speak out loudly against war.”在飞往非洲的飞机上，他以罕见的直率对记者说，他对特朗普政府“毫无畏惧”，并将“继续大声疾呼反对战争”。When I asked him on the plane about Mr. Trump’s remarks on Truth Social, he said the site’s name was “ironic.”当我在飞机上问他如何看待特朗普在Truth Social上的言论时，他说这个网站的名称“具有讽刺意味”。The reason for the pope’s shift is still unclear, but some analysts say the pope felt he had no choice but to adopt a more direct approach.教宗转变态度的原因尚不清楚，但一些分析人士认为，教宗觉得自己别无选择，只能采取更直接的方式。Christopher White, a senior fellow at the Georgetown Initiative on Catholic Social Thought and Public Life, said the pope most likely decided he was “going to be the adult in the room.”乔治城大学天主教社会思想与公共生活倡议高级研究员克里斯托弗·怀特表示，教宗很可能决定自己要“成为房间里的成年人”。“Leo wasn’t looking for a fight,” Mr. White added. “One of the reasons he found his voice is out of necessity.”“良十四世并不是在寻找一场争斗，”怀特补充道，“他找到自己声音的原因之一正是出于必要。”Some wondered if the pope, by ratcheting up his rhetoric, would start to alienate the conservatives who have so far supported him.一些人担心，教宗提高言辞力度可能会开始疏远迄今为止支持他的保守派。But the antagonism of the Trump administration may give Leo more leeway, said Mr. Hayes-Mota, the Santa Clara academic.但圣克拉拉大学的海耶斯-莫塔表示，特朗普政府的敌对态度反而可能给良十四世带来更多回旋空间。“I think the fact that the administration has reacted in the way it has, that Trump went directly on the attack, has actually helped rather than hindered the pope’s cause,” Mr. Hayes-Mota said. “It makes it look as if the president is the one trying to drag the pope into the mud.” The pope, Mr. Hayes-Mota added, “is really representing something else, a kind of higher moral authority.”“我认为，政府以这种方式做出反应，尤其是特朗普直接发动攻击的事实，其实帮助而非阻碍了教宗的事业，”海耶斯-莫塔说，“这让外界看起来像是总统在试图把教宗拖进泥潭。”他补充道，教宗“真正代表的是另一种东西，一种更高的道德权威”。The pope has not limited his pointed language to the United States.教宗的尖锐言论并不仅限于美国。On Monday in Algeria, which is led by an authoritarian government, Leo told those “who hold positions of authority” that they should “promote a vibrant, dynamic and free civil society.”周一在由威权政府领导的阿尔及利亚，良十四世告诉那些“身居高位者”，他们应当“促进一个充满活力、富有生机且自由的公民社会”。Then in an address to Mr. Biya in the Cameroonian capital on Wednesday, the pope said, quoting St. Augustine, that “those who rule serve those whom they seem to command.”随后在周三于喀麦隆首都对比亚总统的致辞中，教宗引用圣奥古斯丁的话说：“治人者实为人所用。”上周三，良十四世和喀麦隆威权领导人保罗·比亚。A day later, the pope visited northwest Cameroon, a region wracked by conflict between English-speaking separatists and the Francophone government’s military over the past decade. Praising local peacemakers, he lamented how the world had been “ravaged by a handful of tyrants.”一天后，教宗访问了喀麦隆西北部地区。那里过去十年一直饱受讲英语的分离主义者与法语区政府军队之间冲突的蹂躏。他赞扬当地和平缔造者，同时痛惜世界如何“被少数暴君肆意蹂躏”。A local bishop, Aloysius Abangalo Fondong, said he was not surprised by Leo’s words.当地主教阿洛伊修斯·阿班加洛·丰东表示，他对良十四世的言论并不感到意外。“He’s not a politician, he’s the pastor of the church, the vicar of Christ in the world,” Bishop Fondong said. “And as the Holy Father said, he’s not afraid to speak the truth.”“他不是政治家，他是教会的牧者，是基督在世间的代理人，”丰东主教说，“正如圣父所说，他不害怕说出真相。”Yet some Catholics fear the pope’s more robust talk will do little to propel change.然而，一些天主教徒担心，教宗这种更强硬的言论可能难以推动实际改变。“I fear that it may not have reached leaders who are genuinely open to its call,” said the Rev. Ludovic Lado, a Jesuit priest and academic from Cameroon.“我担心这些话可能无法触动那些真正愿意回应其呼唤的领导人，”来自喀麦隆的耶稣会神父兼学者卢多维克·拉多说。Motoko Rich是时报驻罗马分社社长，报道意大利、梵蒂冈和希腊新闻。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site