KALLEY HUANG, TRIPP MICKLE2026年4月21日蒂姆·库克于1998年加入苹果公司，在公司联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯手下担任首席运营官。 Jim Wilson/The New York TimesTim Cook, Apple’s chief executive, said on Monday that he would step down after nearly 15 years running an operation that rode the wild popularity of the iPhone to become one of the most influential and valuable companies in the world.苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克周一表示，他将在执掌公司近15年后卸任。在此期间，苹果凭借备受青睐的iPhone一跃成为全球最具影响力和价值的公司之一。Mr. Cook, 65, will move into a new role as Apple’s executive chairman in September and be succeeded in the company’s corner office by John Ternus, the 50-year-old head of Apple’s hardware engineering.现年65岁的库克将于9月转任苹果执行董事长一职，首席执行官职位将由50岁的苹果硬件工程负责人约翰·特努斯接任。The resignation of Mr. Cook will end one of the most successful management runs in the history of American business. During his tenure, Apple’s annual profit quadrupled to more than $110 billion, while its value ballooned more than tenfold to $4 trillion.库克的离职将结束美国商业史上最成功的管理生涯之一。在他任期内，苹果的年利润增长了三倍多，达到1100亿美元以上，公司市值则膨胀至十倍多，达到4万亿美元。Mr. Cook replaced the Apple co-founder Steve Jobs shortly before Mr. Jobs’s death in 2011, having earned a reputation for perfecting the nuts and bolts of a global consumer electronics business. Apple has since defined how a modern technology company operates, with products assembled in a supply chain that stretches from the giant operations that Mr. Cook helped create in China to India and Brazil and a popular retail business that operates on five continents.库克在2011年史蒂夫·乔布斯去世前不久接替这位苹果联合创始人，此前他已因完善全球消费电子业务的运营细节而声名鹊起。此后，苹果定义了现代科技公司的运作方式：其产品组装供应链从库克在中国帮助建立的庞大工厂延伸至印度和巴西，拥有一个在五大洲运营的受欢迎零售业务。“He stepped into the world’s biggest shoes — the biggest shoes that anybody on the planet has ever had to step into — and he’s done an amazing job,” said Peter Oppenheimer, Apple’s chief financial officer from 2004 to 2014.“他接手的是世界上最沉重的担子——这个世界上没有谁曾需要扛下如此重的担子——而他做得非常出色，”曾在2004年至2014年担任苹果首席财务官的彼得·奥本海默说道。Mr. Ternus joined Apple in 2001 and rose through its ranks as he oversaw the development of Macs and iPads. He will be Apple’s eighth chief executive since its founding 50 years ago and its third since Mr. Jobs returned in 1997 to pull the company from the brink of bankruptcy.约翰·特努斯于2001年加入苹果，在负责Mac和iPad开发的过程中逐步晋升。他将成为苹果创立50年以来的第八任首席执行官，也是自乔布斯1997年回归、将公司从破产边缘拉回以来的第三任首席执行官。“I am filled with optimism about what we can achieve in the years to come,” Mr. Ternus said in a statement. “I promise to lead with the values and vision that have come to define this special place for half a century,” he added.“我对未来几年我们能够取得的成就充满乐观，”特努斯在一份声明中表示，“我承诺将以过去半个世纪定义这家非凡公司的价值观和愿景来领导它。”2017年的约翰·特努斯，他将成为苹果创立50年来的第八任首席执行官。Mr. Ternus will take over a company that has not created a new mainstream product in a number of years and faces questions about its business. Apple has lost several top executives in recent months, worrying investors about the depth of its next generation of managers and its long-term strategy, particularly with artificial intelligence. The company has largely stayed on the sidelines as the rest of the technology industry has committed to spending hundreds of billions of dollars developing A.I.特努斯接手的苹果已多年未推出主流新产品，业务面临诸多质疑。近几个月来，苹果有多位高管离职，这让投资者担心公司下一代管理层的深度以及长期战略，尤其是在人工智能领域。当其他科技公司已承诺投入数千亿美元开发人工智能时，苹果却基本置身事外。Apple is also navigating increasingly choppy political waters, including whiplash over the Trump administration’s tariffs, a looming antitrust trial and geopolitical tensions with China.此外，苹果正面临日益复杂的政治环境，包括特朗普政府关税政策的反复、即将到来的反垄断审判，以及与中国的地缘政治紧张关系。In recent years, Mr. Cook, out of necessity, had become the technology industry’s leading diplomat, making regular visits to Washington and Beijing to try to manage the often conflicting agendas of President Trump and Xi Jinping, China’s leader. As executive chair, he “will assist with certain aspects of the company, including engaging with policymakers around the world,” Apple said in a press statement.近年来，出于现实需要，库克已成为科技行业的主要外交官，定期访问华盛顿和北京，试图平衡特朗普总统和中国领导人习近平常常相互冲突的议程。苹果在新闻声明中表示，作为执行董事长，库克“将协助公司某些方面的工作，包括与全球政策制定者接触”。“This is not goodbye,” Mr. Cook said in a letter on Apple’s website. But, he added, it is a “moment of transition.”“这不是告别，”库克在苹果官网的一封信中写道，但又进而称这是一个“过渡时刻”。Apple remains one of the most profitable companies in the world, thanks to the stability of sales of its iPhones, products like the Apple Watch, and services including iCloud and Apple Pay.苹果依然是全球最赚钱的公司之一，这得益于iPhone销售的稳定，以及Apple Watch等产品和iCloud、Apple Pay等服务的贡献。Mr. Cook joined Apple in 1998 from the computer maker Compaq, transformed how Apple managed its product inventory and became its chief operating officer in 2007. In a 2010 commencement speech at Auburn University, he said Apple and Mr. Jobs had provided him with “the opportunity to engage in truly meaningful work every day.”1998年从电脑制造商康柏(Compaq)加入苹果的库克彻底改变了苹果的产品库存管理方式，并于2007年成为首席运营官。在2010年奥本大学毕业典礼演讲中，他说苹果和乔布斯给了他“每天从事真正有意义工作的机会”。2007年，库克与乔布斯一同亮相。他“接过了世界上最大的担子”，一位前苹果高管说道。 David Paul Morris/Getty ImagesAlthough Mr. Cook rarely discussed his personal life, other than his childhood in Alabama and his college years at Auburn, he also became one of the most prominent gay executives in corporate America.尽管除了他在阿拉巴马州的童年和在奥本大学的求学经历，库克很少谈论个人生活，但他成为了美国企业界最知名的同性恋高管之一。Despite years of success, Mr. Cook never shook the perception that he was not a technological visionary like Mr. Jobs. When he took over the helm of Apple in 2011, the release of new iPhones had already become cultural touchstones, as closely watched as the latest blockbusters from Hollywood.外界认为库克不是乔布斯那样的创新家，多年来一直表现优异的库克始终未能摆脱这一看法。2011年接掌苹果时，新iPhone的发布早已成为文化现象，像好莱坞最新大片一样受到密切关注。“It’s very difficult to innovate when you’re the size of Apple,” said Mike Slade, who advised Apple and Mr. Jobs on product and marketing strategy from 1998 to 2004. He added that Mr. Cook’s legacy was “continuous improvement in every aspect and fantastic new products.”“当公司规模达到苹果这么大时，创新是非常困难的，”曾在1998年至2004年为苹果和乔布斯提供产品与营销策略建议的迈克·斯莱德表示。他补充说，库克的遗产是“在各个方面持续改进，并推出出色的新产品”。In recent years, Apple has raised the prices of its devices and leaned on its services for growth, selling more software to be used in the more than one billion iPhones in use around the world. Its services business has steadily grown over the past decade, most recently accounting for about a quarter of its annual revenue.近年来，苹果提高了设备价格，并依赖服务业务实现增长，向全球超过10亿部在用iPhone销售更多软件。其服务业务在过去十年稳步增长，最近已占到公司年收入的约四分之一。But Apple has been seeing mixed results in other parts of its business, with slowing growth from wearables, which include the Apple Watch and AirPods, and sometimes middling sales in China. In 2024, the company made a disappointing foray into so-called augmented reality through its headset, the Vision Pro.但苹果在其他业务领域表现喜忧参半，可穿戴设备（包括Apple Watch和AirPods）的增长放缓，在中国的销售有时也表现平平。2024年，该公司通过Vision Pro头显进军所谓的增强现实领域，结果令人失望。苹果最近的一款新产品Vision Pro眼镜被认为令人失望。Apple’s relationship with China has otherwise become a vulnerability. In addition to the country’s accounting, at times, for a quarter of Apple’s annual revenue, the company makes an estimated 80 percent of its iPhones in China.苹果与中国的关系已成为一个脆弱点。除了带来有时能达到年营收四分之一的收入，该公司约80%的iPhone还是在这个国家生产的。Mr. Cook has forged a relationship with Mr. Trump, who has criticized Apple for not making iPhones in the United States. Last year, Mr. Cook presented Mr. Trump with a 24-karat gold gift, as his company sought to avoid the president’s threats of tariffs on its devices. In 2019, Mr. Trump called Mr. Cook “Tim Apple,” a mistake the executive embraced by briefly changing his last name to Apple’s logo on X.库克与特朗普建立了关系，后者曾批评苹果不在美国生产iPhone。去年，库克向特朗普赠送了一件24K金礼物，以帮助公司避免总统对苹果设备征收关税的威胁。2019年，特朗普曾误称库克为“Tim Apple”（蒂姆·苹果），他幽默地接受了这一称呼，一度在X平台上将自己的姓氏改成了苹果的标志。“He calls me, and others don’t,” Mr. Trump said in 2019. “Others go out and hire very expensive consultants, and Tim Cook calls Donald Trump directly. Pretty good, and I would take that call, too.”“他会给我来电话，其他人是不会的，”特朗普在2019年说，“其他人会出去聘请非常昂贵的顾问，而蒂姆·库克会直接打电话给唐纳德·特朗普。这很不错，我也会接这个电话。”Mr. Ternus joined Apple four years after his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania in 1997. He initially worked on screens for Apple’s Macs and eventually became a key lieutenant of Dan Riccio, a longtime engineering leader at the company. As Mr. Riccio rose through the ranks at Apple, Mr. Ternus’s responsibilities expanded to include teams working on Macs and iPads. Mr. Ternus succeeded Mr. Riccio in 2021.特努斯于1997年从宾夕法尼亚大学毕业，四年后加入苹果。他最初负责Mac电脑的显示屏工作，最终成为公司长期工程负责人丹·里奇奥的得力助手。随着里奇奥在苹果的职位提升，特努斯的职责范围扩大到负责Mac和iPad的相关团队。2021年，特努斯成为里奇奥的继任者。Apple also said on Monday that Johny Srouji, who has led its work on its own chips, had been promoted to chief hardware officer. In addition to helming hardware technologies at the company, Mr. Srouji will take over Mr. Ternus’s role overseeing hardware engineering.苹果周一还宣布，一直负责公司自研芯片工作的乔尼·斯鲁吉被提升为首席硬件官。除了领导公司的硬件技术工作外，斯鲁吉还将接过特努斯之前在硬件工程方面的职责。Now, Mr. Ternus will prepare to face a concern that dogged Mr. Cook throughout his tenure: Can Apple create new, industry-changing products without Mr. Jobs at the helm?如今，特努斯将要面对一个在库克整个任期内始终挥之不去的问题：没有乔布斯掌舵，苹果还能创造出改变行业的新产品吗？“John is going to have to find a way to have Apple make products that make a dent in the universe again,” said Cameron Rogers, who worked at Apple in product marketing from 2005 to 2022. “Big companies don’t die, they become irrelevant.”“约翰必须找到一种方法，让苹果再次推出能‘在宇宙中留下印记’的产品，”曾在2005年至2022年在苹果从事产品营销工作的卡梅隆·罗杰斯说，“大公司不会死去，它们只会变得无关紧要。”Kirsten Noyes对本文有研究贡献。Kalley Huang是时报驻旧金山记者，报道苹果和科技业界新闻。Tripp Mickle报道英伟达、谷歌和苹果等全球最大的科技公司。他也报道整个科技行业的趋势，包括裁员、生成式AI和机器人出租车等。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。