':"";if(r){var a=n.promos.showYahooLogo?"":"yns-no-logo";r=r.replace("{notifOnboardBtnLabel}",n.promos.notifOnboardBtnLabel).replace("{notifOnboardMsg}",n.promos.notifOnboardMsg).replace("{subscriptionTopic}",n.promos.subscriptionTopic).replace("{noLogoClass}",a).replace("{promoLogo}",n.promos.promoLogo)}var s=t.newCount>n.panel.maxCount?t.newCount:"",c=n.panel.notificationCenterPath,l=c?"":R,u=n.panel.headerMsg?"":" "+R,d=c?U:"",p=void 0;t.count?p=t.markup:p='{emptyPanelMsg}'.replace("{emptyPanelMsg}",n.panel.emptyPanelMsg);return e=e.replace("{notifMarkup}",p).replace("{promoMarkup}",r).replace("{hideClass}",l).replace("{notifCenterLink}",c).replace("{paddingClass}",d).replace("{headerMsg}",n.panel.headerMsg).replace("{hideHeaderClass}",u).replace(/{notificationCenterNavMsg}/g,n.panel.notificationCenterNavMsg).replace(/{newCount}/g,s)}},{key:"render",value:function(e,t){var n=this;if(n._panelNode){var o=void 0,i=n._panelNode,r=void 0,a=void 0;switch(e){case"expanded_panel":o='{promoMarkup}{notifMarkup}',a=n._store.getNotifications(),r=n._generatePanelMarkup(o,a),i.innerHTML=r;break;case"error_panel":r=(o='{errorMsg}').replace("{errorMsg}",n._config.panel.errorMsg),i.innerHTML=r}t&&t()}else t&&t(new Error("No panel parent"))}},{key:"createPanelParentNode",value:function(e){e&&(e.innerHTML='',this._panelNode=document.getElementById(P))}},{key:"updateBadgeNode",value:function(e){if(e){var t=this._store.getNotifications().newCount,n=this._config.badge.maxCount;if(t){var o=t>n?n+"+":t;e.innerHTML=o}else e.innerHTML=""}}},{key:"addStyles",value:function(e){if(e&&"undefined"!=typeof window){var t=document.getElementById(this._config.panel.styleTagId);t||((t=document.createElement("style")).type="text/css",t.id=this._config.panel.styleTagId,t.innerText=e,document.head.appendChild(t))}}}]),e}(),j=function(){function e(t,n,o){E(this,e);var i=this;i._store=n,i._view=o,i._config=t;var r=i._config.panel;i._panelParentNode=document.querySelector(r.parentSelector),i._badgeNode=i._config.badge.selector&&document.querySelector(i._config.badge.selector),i._indicatorNode=r.indicatorSelector&&document.querySelector(r.indicatorSelector)}return C(e,[{key:"createPanelParentNode",value:function(){this._view.createPanelParentNode(this._panelParentNode),this._notifPanelNode=document.getElementById(P)}},{key:"refreshPanelNode",value:function(e,t){var n=this;M(n._notifPanelNode,B),n._store.fetchNotifications(e,(function(e,o){var i=window.wafer&&window.wafer.base;i&&i.destroy(n._notifPanelNode),e?n._notifPanelNode.innerHTML||(n._view.render("error_panel"),M(n._notifPanelNode,B)):(n._view.render("expanded_panel"),n._view.updateBadgeNode(n._badgeNode),n._showBadge(),n._showIndicator(),n._view.addStyles(o.css)),I(n._notifPanelNode,B),i&&i.sync(n._notifPanelNode.parentNode),t&&t(e,o)}))}},{key:"resetBadge",value:function(){var e=this;e._store.resetNewCount(),e._view.updateBadgeNode(e._badgeNode),M(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}},{key:"_showIndicator",value:function(){this._indicatorNode&&(this._store.getNotifications().newCount?M(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass):I(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass))}},{key:"_showBadge",value:function(){var e=this;e._store.getNotifications().newCount?I(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass):M(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}}]),e}(),F={promos:{eligibleBodyClass:"display-push-promos",enableNotifOnboard:!0,bypassEligibleClassCheck:!1,notifOnboardBtnLabel:"Notify Me",notifOnboardMsg:"Get alerts for breaking news and top stories",promoLogo:"https://s.yimg.com/cv/apiv2/ae/news/circle_bell.png",showYahooLogo:!0,subscriptionTopic:"gondor_homerun_news"},badge:{hideClass:"",maxCount:5,selector:""},panel:{emptyPanelMsg:"You have no new notifications.",errorMsg:"",headerMsg:"Notifications",imageTag:"img:40x40|2|80",indicatorClass:"yns-indicator",indicatorSelector:null,maxCount:6,notificationCenterNavMsg:"View all {newCount} notifications",notificationCenterPath:"",notificationTypes:"",parentSelector:null,styleTagId:"notificationStyles",theme:"default"},service:{attemptCount:1,attemptDelay:2,url:null,resetUrl:null,isRMP:!1,responseType:"json",timeout:1500}},Y={NotificationClient:function(){function e(t){E(this,e);var n=this;n.config=n._parseConfig(t),n._validateRequiredConfigs()&&(n._request=new S(n.config),n._store=new O(n.config,n._request),n._view=new H(n.config,n._store),n._panelController=new j(n.config,n._store,n._view),n._panelController.createPanelParentNode(),n._assignHelperMethods())}return C(e,[{key:"_parseConfig",value:function(e){var t={};for(var n in N(t,F),t)if(t.hasOwnProperty(n)){var o=t[n],i=e[n];"object"===(void 0===o?"undefined":L(o))?N(o,i):t[n]=e[n]}return t}},{key:"_validateRequiredConfigs",value:function(){var e=this.config;return!(!e.panel.parentSelector||!e.service.url)}},{key:"_assignHelperMethods",value:function(){var e=this;e.helpers={refreshPanelNode:e._panelController.refreshPanelNode.bind(e._panelController),resetBadge:e._panelController.resetBadge.bind(e._panelController),resetIndicator:function(){I(e._panelController._indicatorNode,e.config.panel.indicatorClass)}}}}]),e}()},z="lnct",G=function(){function e(){var e,t;this.personalized=!1,this.ybarElem=document.getElementById("ybar"),this.partnerClasses=null===(t=null===(e=this.ybarElem)||void 0===e?void 0:e.className)||void 0===t?void 0:t.match(/ybar-variant-([a-z]*)/),this.client=new Y.NotificationClient(this.getConfig())}return e.prototype.refreshPanel=function(){var e,t,n,o=this,i={lastUpdate:this.getTimeStamp()||this.setTimeStamp(),loadInHpViewer:!0,includePersonalized:this.personalized},r=(null===(e=window.YAHOO)||void 0===e?void 0:e.context)||(null===(t=window.Af)||void 0===t?void 0:t.context)||{};return r.region&&r.lang&&(i.lang=r.lang,i.region=r.region),(null===(n=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===n?void 0:n.length)&&(i.partner=this.partnerClasses[1]),new Promise((function(e,t){o.client.helpers.refreshPanelNode({matrixParams:i},(function(n,o){n&&(l("Notification refresh error:",n),t(n)),e(o)}))}))},e.prototype.resetBadge=function(){this.client.helpers.resetBadge(),this.setTimeStamp()},e.prototype.getConfig=function(){var e,t,n,o,i,r=document.getElementById("notification-container"),a=null===(e=null==r?void 0:r.dataset)||void 0===e?void 0:e.config;if(D&&!a)return D;var s={promos:{eligibleBodyClass:"display-push-promos",enableNotifOnboard:!0},badge:{selector:"#notif-badge",hideClass:"ybar-notification-hidden"},panel:{emptyPanelMsg:"You have no new notifications.",errorMsg:"Please check back later.",headerMsg:"Notifications",maxCount:5,parentSelector:"#ybarNotificationBody",notificationTypes:"breakingNews"},service:{url:"/tdv2_fp/api/resource/NotificationHistory.getHistory",isRMP:!1}},c={};if(a){"att"===(null===(t=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===t?void 0:t[1])&&(s.promos.showYahooLogo=!1);try{var u=JSON.parse(a);c=m({},u),this.personalized=1===u.personalize}catch(e){l("Notifications config parsing error",e)}r&&delete r.dataset.config}return D=this.mergeConfigs(s,c),(null===(n=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===n?void 0:n.length)&&"yahoo"!==(null===(o=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===o?void 0:o[1])&&(null===(i=D.promos)||void 0===i?void 0:i.subscriptionTopic)&&delete D.promos.subscriptionTopic,D},e.prototype.mergeConfigs=function(e,t){var n=m({},e);for(var o in e)n[o]=m(m({},e[o]),t[o]);return n},e.prototype.getTimeStamp=function(){var e;return null===(e=window.localStorage)||void 0===e?void 0:e.getItem(z)},e.prototype.setTimeStamp=function(){var e,t=""+Math.floor((new Date).getTime()/1e3);return null===(e=window.localStorage)||void 0===e||e.setItem(z,t),t},e}(),V=new G,W=function(){return V},K="",J=[],$=function(){},X=function(){window.removeEventListener("beforeunload",X),""!==K&&l("Rapid not found on page",new Error(K))},Z=null,Q=function(){return null===Z&&(Z=document.getElementById("ybar")),Z},ee=function(){var e=0,t=window.YAHOO;if(T)return T;if(t)if(t.i13n)if(t.i13n.__RAPID_INSTANCES__)if(t.i13n.__RAPID_INSTANCES__.length0)for(var n=0;n0){if(T.addModules(i,!1,o),J.length>0)for(e=0;e40959)&&(i19903)&&(i55215))return!1}return!0},ve={navBeaconFired:!1},he=["ready","navigation"],ye=function(){function e(e){var t=this;this.triggerEvent=s,this.addEventListener=c,this.logError=l,this.logPerformance=u,this.getConfig=d,this.getPerformanceMetrics=p,this.rapidRefresh=ne,this.state=m({},ve),this.modules=e,this.userEmail="",window.YBAR&&(he.forEach((function(e){var n="on".concat(e),o=window.YBAR[n];o&&(t[n]=o)})),window.YBAR.wssid&&(this.wssid=window.YBAR.wssid),window.YBAR.appid&&(this.appid=window.YBAR.appid)),he.forEach((function(e){var n="on".concat(e);c(e,(function(){for(var o,i=[],r=0;r0){if(o&&i){var n=t>99;o.classList.add("".concat(At)),i.classList.add("count-loaded"),o.textContent=n?"99+":t+"",n?o.classList.add("".concat(kt)):t>=10&&o.classList.add("".concat(St))}e.onDestroy((function(){o&&(o.textContent="")}))}})).catch((function(){}))}(e,s)}));var Ht="_yb_1e46uhr",jt=function(e,t){var n;t.logoImages&&(n=t.logoImages).length>0&&Array.prototype.forEach.call(n,(function(e){e.onerror=function(){e.onerror=null,e.style.display="none"}})),t.wrapper&&(function(e,t){e&&(Me("#ybar-logo","#ybar-logo",t),t.onDestroy((function(){e.classList.remove("ybar-show-outline"),e.classList.remove("ybar-hide-outline")})))}(t.wrapper,e),function(e,t){t&&e.addElementListener(t,"click",(function(){e.triggerEvent("logo-click")}))}(e,t.wrapper))};ge("ybar-mod-logo",(function(e){var t={wrapper:document.getElementById("ybar-logo"),logoImages:document.querySelectorAll(".".concat(Ht))};jt(e,t)}));var Ft={"dropdown-open":"_yb_1qr55t8","merchant-is-selected":"_yb_hpfgev",overlay:"_yb_1t4opbo","selected-merchant-clear-button":"_yb_sdzekv","shops-buttons":"_yb_1gmhi8h","styled-select":"_yb_1fed2vs",tooltip:"_yb_156j5sr","tooltip--show":"_yb_t94u7s",tooltip__text:"_yb_149d3c6",tooltip__voice:"_yb_rkldcd",tooltip__web:"_yb_1bze76z",dark:"_yb_of9a42",darker:"_yb_1br2rz9",light:"_yb_p0373k","search-border-gradient":"_yb_109k2ga","search-border-gradient-hover":"_yb_vljmzl",midnight60:"_yb_1o792pg","search-input-uh3-hover":"_yb_15ox84z","search-input-uh3-focus-visible":"_yb_1e6541m","sa-btn-bar":"_yb_1axm66t","searchbox-icon-uh3":"_yb_1uef33k",empty:"_yb_owcm9n"},Yt=function(e,t){var n=Math.max(e,t),o=Math.min(e,t),i=Math.abs(n-o);return b([],y(new Array(i+1)),!1).map((function(e,t){return o+t}))},zt=function(e,t,n){var o=e.getConfig().bucketConfig,i=(void 0===o?{}:o).enable_search_ui,r=void 0!==i&&i;if(t.ybar){t.ybar.classList.add("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"),document.documentElement.classList.add("ybar-overlay"),document.body.classList.add("ybar-overlay-noscroll");te("ybar","websrch","",{elm:"expand",subsec:"searchbox",itc:"1"}),setTimeout((function(){t.searchInput instanceof HTMLInputElement&&(n&&(t.searchInput.value=n),t.searchInput.focus(),r&&window.YAHOO&&window.YAHOO.SA&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0]&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view&&!window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.shown&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.show())}))}},Gt=function(e){var t;null===(t=e.ybar)||void 0===t||t.classList.remove("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"),document.documentElement.classList.remove("ybar-overlay"),document.body.classList.remove("ybar-overlay-noscroll"),e.searchInput instanceof HTMLInputElement&&(e.searchInput.value="",e.searchInput.blur())},Vt=function(e,t){var n=e.getConfig();if("smartphone"===n.device){if("finance"===n.property&&"crunch"===n.ytheme&&e.addElementListener(t.searchInput,"click",(function(){var n,o;n="search_input_focus_click",null!==(o=ae())&&(oe[n]||(oe[n]=o)),e.addElementListener(t.searchForm,"click",(function(){if(t.ybar){if(t.ybar.classList.contains("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"))return;t.ybar.classList.add("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"),t.ybar.classList.add("ybar-searchbox-assist-fadein")}if(!document.documentElement.classList.contains("ybar-overlay")){document.documentElement.classList.toggle("ybar-overlay"),document.body.classList.add("ybar-overlay-noscroll");te("ybar","websrch","",{elm:"expand",subsec:"searchbox",itc:"1"})}}))})),e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxPlaceholder,"click",(function(){zt(e,t)})),e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxPlaceholder,"keydown",(function(n){var o=n,i=o.keyCode,r=o.key,a=Yt(65,90),s=b(b([],y(Yt(58,57)),!1),y(Yt(96,105)),!1),c=b(b([],y(a),!1),y(s),!1).includes(i);(32===i||13===i||c)&&(n.preventDefault(),n.stopPropagation(),zt(e,t,c?r:""))})),t.searchBoxBackButton&&(e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxBackButton,"click",(function(e){e.stopPropagation(),window.YAHOO&&window.YAHOO.SA&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0]&&(window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.resetQuery(),window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.hide()),Gt(t);te("ybar","back-close-srch","",{elm:"btn",subsec:"searchbox",itc:"1"})})),e.addElementListener(t.searchInput,"keyup",(function(e){e.stopPropagation();27===e.keyCode&&(e.stopPropagation(),Gt(t))}))),e.addEventListener("viewerClosed",(function(){Gt(t)})),window.self!==window.top&&t.ybar&&t.searchForm)t.searchForm.setAttribute("target","_top"),document.querySelectorAll("#ybar a").forEach((function(e){e.setAttribute("target","_top")}));e.onDestroy((function(){Gt(t)}))}},Wt=function(){function e(e,t,n){t&&(this.ybar=e,this.elem=t,this.options=n,this.show=this.show.bind(this),this.hide=this.hide.bind(this),this.addEventListeners())}return Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"tooltip",{get:function(){var e=this;return this.tooltipMarkup||(this.tooltipMarkup=this.createTooltip(),(this.options.tooltipParentElm||this.elem).appendChild(this.tooltipMarkup),this.ybar.onDestroy((function(){var t,n;null===(n=null===(t=e.tooltipMarkup)||void 0===t?void 0:t.parentNode)||void 0===n||n.removeChild(e.tooltipMarkup)}))),this.tooltipMarkup},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.show=function(){this.tooltip.classList.add(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.hide=function(){this.tooltip.classList.remove(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.addEventListeners=function(){this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"mouseenter",this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"focus",this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"mouseleave",this.hide),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"blur",this.hide)},e.prototype.createTooltip=function(){var e=document.createElement("div");e.className=this.options.containerClass||"";var t=document.createElement("p");return t.textContent=this.options.label,t.className=this.options.textClass||"",e.appendChild(t),e},e}(),Kt={containerClass:Ft.tooltip,textClass:Ft.tooltip__text,showClass:Ft["tooltip--show"]};ge("ybar-mod-searchbox",(function(e){var t,n=e.getConfig(),o={ybar:document.getElementById("ybar"),searchInput:document.getElementById("ybar-sbq"),buttonBar:document.querySelector(".".concat(Ft["sa-btn-bar"])),searchForm:document.getElementById("ybar-sf"),searchBoxIcon:document.querySelector(".".concat(Ft["searchbox-icon-uh3"])),searchBoxPlaceholder:document.getElementById("ybar-smartphone-searchbox-placeholder"),searchBoxBackButton:document.getElementById("ybar-search-back-btn"),shopsButtonsWrap:document.querySelector(".".concat(Ft["shops-buttons"])),categorySelect:document.getElementById("shops-category-select"),selectedMerchantInput:document.getElementById("selected-merchant-input"),selectedMerchantClearButton:document.querySelector(".".concat(Ft["selected-merchant-clear-button"])),submitSearchBtn:document.getElementById("ybar-search"),clearSearchBtn:document.getElementById("ybar-sbq-x"),searchGradientBorder:document.querySelector(".".concat(Ft["search-border-gradient"]))};if(function(e,t){var n,o,i,r=e.getConfig();if(t.ybar&&["desktop","tablet"].includes(r.device)&&(null===(n=r.bucketConfig)||void 0===n?void 0:n.highlight_searchassist)&&(null===(o=r.bucketConfig)||void 0===o?void 0:o.overlay_class)){t.ybar.setAttribute("data-ovrly-bkt",r.bucketConfig.overlay_class),null===(i=t.searchForm)||void 0===i||i.classList.add(Ft[r.bucketConfig.overlay_class]);var a=document.createElement("div");a.classList.add(Ft.overlay,Ft[r.bucketConfig.overlay_class]),document.body.appendChild(a),e.onDestroy((function(){document.body.removeChild(a)})),e.addElementListener(t.searchForm,"focusout",(function(e){if(t.searchForm&&t.searchInput){var n=e.relatedTarget;n&&!t.searchForm.contains(n)&&window.YAHOO.SA&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0]&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.shown&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.hide()}}))}}(e,o),Vt(e,o),o.searchGradientBorder){var i=!1;o.searchInput.addEventListener("keydown",(function(e){var t=e.code,n=e.key,r=t.startsWith("Key"),a=t.startsWith("Digit"),s=/^[!@#$%^&*()_+\-=[\]{};':"\\|,./?`~]$/.test(n);(r||a||s)&&!i&&(o.searchGradientBorder.classList.add("".concat(Ft["search-border-gradient-hover"])),i=!0)})),e.addElementListener(o.searchForm,"mouseover",(function(){i||o.searchGradientBorder.classList.add("".concat(Ft["search-border-gradient-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchForm,"mouseout",(function(){i||o.searchGradientBorder.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-border-gradient-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"click",(function(){i=!0})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"blur",(function(){o.searchGradientBorder.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-border-gradient-hover"]))}))}o.searchForm&&(e.addElementListener(o.searchBoxIcon,"mouseover",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchBoxIcon,"mouseout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.buttonBar,"mouseover",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.buttonBar,"mouseout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"keyup",(function(e){"Tab"===e.key&&o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"])),o.searchInput.classList.toggle("".concat(Ft.empty),""===o.searchInput.value)})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"keydown",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"focusout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Ft["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.submitSearchBtn,"click",(function(e){""===o.searchInput.value.trim()&&e.preventDefault()})),e.addElementListener(o.clearSearchBtn,"click",(function(){o.searchInput.classList.add("".concat(Ft.empty))}))),o.submitSearchBtn&&"crunch"===n.ytheme&&new Wt(e,o.submitSearchBtn,m(m({},Kt),{label:null!==(t=n.i18n.root.SEARCH_TOOLTIP_WEB)&&void 0!==t?t:"Search the web",containerClass:"".concat(Ft.tooltip," ").concat(Ft.tooltip__web),tooltipParentElm:o.clearSearchBtn.parentElement}))}));var Jt="_yb_tdk4ba",$t="_yb_hkd17a",Xt="_yb_rtzclf",Zt="_yb_tdbhj6",Qt="_yb_de52ef",en="_yb_9hwrey",tn="_yb_slc8ta",nn="_yb_bf0svp",on="_yb_hjic9z";ge("ybar-mod-adaptivenav",(function(e){var t=document.querySelector("#ybar-l1-more-menu ul"),n={moreDropDown:document.querySelector(".".concat(Jt)),moreBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat($t)),wrap:document.querySelector(".".concat(Zt)),moreSectionTitle:document.querySelectorAll(".".concat(Qt)),editionsCtaBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat(en)),editionsMenu:document.querySelector(".".concat(tn)),closeBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat(nn)),moreMenuDropDownHeight:t?"".concat(t.offsetHeight+48,"px"):"0"};new 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with gold, but as a politically neutral settlement asset for a world where the dollar-dominated financial system is fracturing at the seams.This matters right now because Bitcoin rose 12% between February 27 and April 10, 2026, while the S&P 500 dropped 1% and gold fell 10% during the same window of elevated Iran-U.S. tensions. That’s not a coincidence Bitwise is willing to ignore. The question is whether it’s a durable signal or a one-off anomaly dressed up as a thesis.DISCOVER: The Next 1000x Crypto Gem Before It Lists on BinanceThe ‘digital gold’ comparison gets thrown around so often that it’s lost most of its meaning. Here’s what it actually implies: gold is valuable primarily because no single government controls it, it’s scarce, and it has a 5,000-year track record as a store of value. Bitcoin makes the same pitch – fixed supply of 21 million coins, no central issuer – but adds two things gold can’t offer: it crosses borders instantly, and it settles without a bank.Hougan’s thesis goes one layer deeper. He frames Bitcoin’s valuation as two bets stacked on top of each other. The first is the standard digital gold bet: Bitcoin captures some fraction of gold’s $20 trillion market as institutions diversify.The second is what he calls an out-of-the-money call option – the speculative possibility that Bitcoin becomes a neutral settlement layer for countries that have been cut off from, or are deliberately avoiding, the Swift system.That second bet is where the Iran angle enters. Reports surfaced of a proposal, flagged by the Financial Times, that an Iranian oil export spokesperson floated a $1-per-barrel toll in Bitcoin for ships transiting the Strait of Hormuz.Whether that ever materializes is beside the point. The fact that it’s being proposed at all tells you something about which direction the pressure is pointing. You can follow the broader geopolitical context around US-Iran tensions and Bitcoin’s response to sanctions pressure for more background on why this dynamic is gaining traction.The Russia-Ukraine war in 2022 provided the world with an unplanned case study of what happens when a major economy is cut off from the dollar system. Russian yuan settlement in trade went from under 2% pre-invasion to nearly 40% by early 2024. Russia-China bilateral trade now settles over 99% in rubles and yuan. 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