':"";if(a){var r=n.promos.showYahooLogo?"":"yns-no-logo";a=a.replace("{notifOnboardBtnLabel}",n.promos.notifOnboardBtnLabel).replace("{notifOnboardMsg}",n.promos.notifOnboardMsg).replace("{subscriptionTopic}",n.promos.subscriptionTopic).replace("{noLogoClass}",r).replace("{promoLogo}",n.promos.promoLogo)}var s=t.newCount>n.panel.maxCount?t.newCount:"",c=n.panel.notificationCenterPath,l=c?"":R,u=n.panel.headerMsg?"":" "+R,d=c?H:"",p=void 0;t.count?p=t.markup:p='{emptyPanelMsg}'.replace("{emptyPanelMsg}",n.panel.emptyPanelMsg);return e=e.replace("{notifMarkup}",p).replace("{promoMarkup}",a).replace("{hideClass}",l).replace("{notifCenterLink}",c).replace("{paddingClass}",d).replace("{headerMsg}",n.panel.headerMsg).replace("{hideHeaderClass}",u).replace(/{notificationCenterNavMsg}/g,n.panel.notificationCenterNavMsg).replace(/{newCount}/g,s)}},{key:"render",value:function(e,t){var n=this;if(n._panelNode){var o=void 0,i=n._panelNode,a=void 0,r=void 0;switch(e){case"expanded_panel":o='{promoMarkup}{notifMarkup}',r=n._store.getNotifications(),a=n._generatePanelMarkup(o,r),i.innerHTML=a;break;case"error_panel":a=(o='{errorMsg}').replace("{errorMsg}",n._config.panel.errorMsg),i.innerHTML=a}t&&t()}else t&&t(new Error("No panel parent"))}},{key:"createPanelParentNode",value:function(e){e&&(e.innerHTML='',this._panelNode=document.getElementById(P))}},{key:"updateBadgeNode",value:function(e){if(e){var t=this._store.getNotifications().newCount,n=this._config.badge.maxCount;if(t){var o=t>n?n+"+":t;e.innerHTML=o}else e.innerHTML=""}}},{key:"addStyles",value:function(e){if(e&&"undefined"!=typeof window){var t=document.getElementById(this._config.panel.styleTagId);t||((t=document.createElement("style")).type="text/css",t.id=this._config.panel.styleTagId,t.innerText=e,document.head.appendChild(t))}}}]),e}(),j=function(){function e(t,n,o){E(this,e);var i=this;i._store=n,i._view=o,i._config=t;var a=i._config.panel;i._panelParentNode=document.querySelector(a.parentSelector),i._badgeNode=i._config.badge.selector&&document.querySelector(i._config.badge.selector),i._indicatorNode=a.indicatorSelector&&document.querySelector(a.indicatorSelector)}return k(e,[{key:"createPanelParentNode",value:function(){this._view.createPanelParentNode(this._panelParentNode),this._notifPanelNode=document.getElementById(P)}},{key:"refreshPanelNode",value:function(e,t){var n=this;x(n._notifPanelNode,D),n._store.fetchNotifications(e,(function(e,o){var i=window.wafer&&window.wafer.base;i&&i.destroy(n._notifPanelNode),e?n._notifPanelNode.innerHTML||(n._view.render("error_panel"),x(n._notifPanelNode,D)):(n._view.render("expanded_panel"),n._view.updateBadgeNode(n._badgeNode),n._showBadge(),n._showIndicator(),n._view.addStyles(o.css)),N(n._notifPanelNode,D),i&&i.sync(n._notifPanelNode.parentNode),t&&t(e,o)}))}},{key:"resetBadge",value:function(){var e=this;e._store.resetNewCount(),e._view.updateBadgeNode(e._badgeNode),x(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}},{key:"_showIndicator",value:function(){this._indicatorNode&&(this._store.getNotifications().newCount?x(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass):N(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass))}},{key:"_showBadge",value:function(){var e=this;e._store.getNotifications().newCount?N(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass):x(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}}]),e}(),Y={promos:{eligibleBodyClass:"display-push-promos",enableNotifOnboard:!0,bypassEligibleClassCheck:!1,notifOnboardBtnLabel:"Notify Me",notifOnboardMsg:"Get alerts for breaking news and top stories",promoLogo:"https://s.yimg.com/cv/apiv2/ae/news/circle_bell.png",showYahooLogo:!0,subscriptionTopic:"gondor_homerun_news"},badge:{hideClass:"",maxCount:5,selector:""},panel:{emptyPanelMsg:"You have no new notifications.",errorMsg:"",headerMsg:"Notifications",imageTag:"img:40x40|2|80",indicatorClass:"yns-indicator",indicatorSelector:null,maxCount:6,notificationCenterNavMsg:"View all {newCount} notifications",notificationCenterPath:"",notificationTypes:"",parentSelector:null,styleTagId:"notificationStyles",theme:"default"},service:{attemptCount:1,attemptDelay:2,url:null,resetUrl:null,isRMP:!1,responseType:"json",timeout:1500}},F={NotificationClient:function(){function e(t){E(this,e);var n=this;n.config=n._parseConfig(t),n._validateRequiredConfigs()&&(n._request=new S(n.config),n._store=new B(n.config,n._request),n._view=new U(n.config,n._store),n._panelController=new j(n.config,n._store,n._view),n._panelController.createPanelParentNode(),n._assignHelperMethods())}return k(e,[{key:"_parseConfig",value:function(e){var t={};for(var n in I(t,Y),t)if(t.hasOwnProperty(n)){var o=t[n],i=e[n];"object"===(void 0===o?"undefined":L(o))?I(o,i):t[n]=e[n]}return t}},{key:"_validateRequiredConfigs",value:function(){var e=this.config;return!(!e.panel.parentSelector||!e.service.url)}},{key:"_assignHelperMethods",value:function(){var e=this;e.helpers={refreshPanelNode:e._panelController.refreshPanelNode.bind(e._panelController),resetBadge:e._panelController.resetBadge.bind(e._panelController),resetIndicator:function(){N(e._panelController._indicatorNode,e.config.panel.indicatorClass)}}}}]),e}()},z="lnct",W=function(){function e(){var e,t;this.personalized=!1,this.ybarElem=document.getElementById("ybar"),this.partnerClasses=null===(t=null===(e=this.ybarElem)||void 0===e?void 0:e.className)||void 0===t?void 0:t.match(/ybar-variant-([a-z]*)/),this.client=new F.NotificationClient(this.getConfig())}return e.prototype.refreshPanel=function(){var e,t,n,o=this,i={lastUpdate:this.getTimeStamp()||this.setTimeStamp(),loadInHpViewer:!0,includePersonalized:this.personalized},a=(null===(e=window.YAHOO)||void 0===e?void 0:e.context)||(null===(t=window.Af)||void 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Date).getTime()/1e3);return null===(e=window.localStorage)||void 0===e||e.setItem(z,t),t},e}(),G=new W,K=function(){return G},J="",V=[],$=function(){},X=function(){window.removeEventListener("beforeunload",X),""!==J&&l("Rapid not found on page",new Error(J))},Z=null,Q=function(){return null===Z&&(Z=document.getElementById("ybar")),Z},ee=function(){var e=0,t=window.YAHOO;if(T)return T;if(t)if(t.i13n)if(t.i13n.__RAPID_INSTANCES__)if(t.i13n.__RAPID_INSTANCES__.length0)for(var n=0;n0){if(T.addModules(i,!1,o),V.length>0)for(e=0;e40959)&&(i19903)&&(i55215))return!1}return!0},ve={navBeaconFired:!1},ye=["ready","navigation"],he=function(){function e(e){var t=this;this.triggerEvent=s,this.addEventListener=c,this.logError=l,this.logPerformance=u,this.getConfig=d,this.getPerformanceMetrics=p,this.rapidRefresh=ne,this.state=m({},ve),this.modules=e,this.userEmail="",window.YBAR&&(ye.forEach((function(e){var n="on".concat(e),o=window.YBAR[n];o&&(t[n]=o)})),window.YBAR.wssid&&(this.wssid=window.YBAR.wssid),window.YBAR.appid&&(this.appid=window.YBAR.appid)),ye.forEach((function(e){var n="on".concat(e);c(e,(function(){for(var o,i=[],a=0;a0){if(o&&i){var n=t>99;o.classList.add("".concat(At)),i.classList.add("count-loaded"),o.textContent=n?"99+":t+"",n?o.classList.add("".concat(Ct)):t>=10&&o.classList.add("".concat(St))}e.onDestroy((function(){o&&(o.textContent="")}))}})).catch((function(){}))}(e,s)}));var Ut="_yb_1e46uhr",jt=function(e,t){var n;t.logoImages&&(n=t.logoImages).length>0&&Array.prototype.forEach.call(n,(function(e){e.onerror=function(){e.onerror=null,e.style.display="none"}})),t.wrapper&&(function(e,t){e&&(xe("#ybar-logo","#ybar-logo",t),t.onDestroy((function(){e.classList.remove("ybar-show-outline"),e.classList.remove("ybar-hide-outline")})))}(t.wrapper,e),function(e,t){t&&e.addElementListener(t,"click",(function(){e.triggerEvent("logo-click")}))}(e,t.wrapper))};ge("ybar-mod-logo",(function(e){var t={wrapper:document.getElementById("ybar-logo"),logoImages:document.querySelectorAll(".".concat(Ut))};jt(e,t)}));var Yt={"dropdown-open":"_yb_1qr55t8","merchant-is-selected":"_yb_hpfgev",overlay:"_yb_1t4opbo","selected-merchant-clear-button":"_yb_sdzekv","shops-buttons":"_yb_1gmhi8h","styled-select":"_yb_1fed2vs",tooltip:"_yb_156j5sr","tooltip--show":"_yb_t94u7s",tooltip__text:"_yb_149d3c6",tooltip__voice:"_yb_rkldcd",tooltip__web:"_yb_1bze76z",dark:"_yb_of9a42",darker:"_yb_1br2rz9",light:"_yb_p0373k","search-border-gradient":"_yb_109k2ga","search-border-gradient-hover":"_yb_vljmzl",midnight60:"_yb_1o792pg","search-input-uh3-hover":"_yb_15ox84z","search-input-uh3-focus-visible":"_yb_1e6541m","sa-btn-bar":"_yb_1axm66t","searchbox-icon-uh3":"_yb_1uef33k",empty:"_yb_owcm9n"},Ft=function(e,t){var n=Math.max(e,t),o=Math.min(e,t),i=Math.abs(n-o);return b([],h(new Array(i+1)),!1).map((function(e,t){return o+t}))},zt=function(e,t,n){var o=e.getConfig().bucketConfig,i=(void 0===o?{}:o).enable_search_ui,a=void 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n=e.getConfig();"smartphone"===n.device&&("finance"===n.property&&"crunch"===n.ytheme&&e.addElementListener(t.searchInput,"click",(function(){var n,o;n="search_input_focus_click",null!==(o=re())&&(oe[n]||(oe[n]=o)),e.addElementListener(t.searchForm,"click",(function(){if(t.ybar){if(t.ybar.classList.contains("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"))return;t.ybar.classList.add("ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen"),t.ybar.classList.add("ybar-searchbox-assist-fadein")}if(!document.documentElement.classList.contains("ybar-overlay")){document.documentElement.classList.toggle("ybar-overlay"),document.body.classList.add("ybar-overlay-noscroll");te("ybar","websrch","",{elm:"expand",subsec:"searchbox",itc:"1"})}}))})),e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxPlaceholder,"click",(function(){zt(e,t)})),e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxPlaceholder,"keydown",(function(n){var o=n,i=o.keyCode,a=o.key,r=Ft(65,90),s=b(b([],h(Ft(58,57)),!1),h(Ft(96,105)),!1),c=b(b([],h(r),!1),h(s),!1).includes(i);(32===i||13===i||c)&&(n.preventDefault(),n.stopPropagation(),zt(e,t,c?a:""))})),t.searchBoxBackButton&&(e.addElementListener(t.searchBoxBackButton,"click",(function(e){e.stopPropagation(),window.YAHOO&&window.YAHOO.SA&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0]&&(window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.resetQuery(),window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.hide()),Wt(t);te("ybar","back-close-srch","",{elm:"btn",subsec:"searchbox",itc:"1"})})),e.addElementListener(t.searchInput,"keyup",(function(e){e.stopPropagation();27===e.keyCode&&(e.stopPropagation(),Wt(t))}))),e.addEventListener("viewerClosed",(function(){Wt(t)})),e.onDestroy((function(){Wt(t)})))},Kt=function(){function e(e,t,n){t&&(this.ybar=e,this.elem=t,this.options=n,this.show=this.show.bind(this),this.hide=this.hide.bind(this),this.addEventListeners())}return Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,"tooltip",{get:function(){var e=this;return this.tooltipMarkup||(this.tooltipMarkup=this.createTooltip(),(this.options.tooltipParentElm||this.elem).appendChild(this.tooltipMarkup),this.ybar.onDestroy((function(){var t,n;null===(n=null===(t=e.tooltipMarkup)||void 0===t?void 0:t.parentNode)||void 0===n||n.removeChild(e.tooltipMarkup)}))),this.tooltipMarkup},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.show=function(){this.tooltip.classList.add(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.hide=function(){this.tooltip.classList.remove(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.addEventListeners=function(){this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"mouseenter",this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"focus",this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"mouseleave",this.hide),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,"blur",this.hide)},e.prototype.createTooltip=function(){var e=document.createElement("div");e.className=this.options.containerClass||"";var t=document.createElement("p");return t.textContent=this.options.label,t.className=this.options.textClass||"",e.appendChild(t),e},e}(),Jt={containerClass:Yt.tooltip,textClass:Yt.tooltip__text,showClass:Yt["tooltip--show"]};ge("ybar-mod-searchbox",(function(e){var t,n=e.getConfig(),o={ybar:document.getElementById("ybar"),searchInput:document.getElementById("ybar-sbq"),buttonBar:document.querySelector(".".concat(Yt["sa-btn-bar"])),searchForm:document.getElementById("ybar-sf"),searchBoxIcon:document.querySelector(".".concat(Yt["searchbox-icon-uh3"])),searchBoxPlaceholder:document.getElementById("ybar-smartphone-searchbox-placeholder"),searchBoxBackButton:document.getElementById("ybar-search-back-btn"),shopsButtonsWrap:document.querySelector(".".concat(Yt["shops-buttons"])),categorySelect:document.getElementById("shops-category-select"),selectedMerchantInput:document.getElementById("selected-merchant-input"),selectedMerchantClearButton:document.querySelector(".".concat(Yt["selected-merchant-clear-button"])),submitSearchBtn:document.getElementById("ybar-search"),clearSearchBtn:document.getElementById("ybar-sbq-x"),searchGradientBorder:document.querySelector(".".concat(Yt["search-border-gradient"]))};if(function(e,t){var n,o,i,a=e.getConfig();if(t.ybar&&"desktop"===a.device&&(null===(n=a.bucketConfig)||void 0===n?void 0:n.highlight_searchassist)&&(null===(o=a.bucketConfig)||void 0===o?void 0:o.overlay_class)){t.ybar.setAttribute("data-ovrly-bkt",a.bucketConfig.overlay_class),null===(i=t.searchForm)||void 0===i||i.classList.add(Yt[a.bucketConfig.overlay_class]);var r=document.createElement("div");r.classList.add(Yt.overlay,Yt[a.bucketConfig.overlay_class]),document.body.appendChild(r),e.onDestroy((function(){document.body.removeChild(r)})),e.addElementListener(t.searchForm,"focusout",(function(e){if(t.searchForm&&t.searchInput){var n=e.relatedTarget;n&&!t.searchForm.contains(n)&&window.YAHOO.SA&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0]&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.shown&&window.YAHOO.SA.apps[0].view.hide()}}))}}(e,o),Gt(e,o),o.searchGradientBorder){var i=!1;o.searchInput.addEventListener("keydown",(function(e){var t=e.code,n=e.key,a=t.startsWith("Key"),r=t.startsWith("Digit"),s=/^[!@#$%^&*()_+\-=[\]{};':"\\|,./?`~]$/.test(n);(a||r||s)&&!i&&(o.searchGradientBorder.classList.add("".concat(Yt["search-border-gradient-hover"])),i=!0)})),e.addElementListener(o.searchForm,"mouseover",(function(){i||o.searchGradientBorder.classList.add("".concat(Yt["search-border-gradient-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchForm,"mouseout",(function(){i||o.searchGradientBorder.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-border-gradient-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"click",(function(){i=!0})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"blur",(function(){o.searchGradientBorder.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-border-gradient-hover"]))}))}o.searchForm&&(e.addElementListener(o.searchBoxIcon,"mouseover",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchBoxIcon,"mouseout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.buttonBar,"mouseover",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.buttonBar,"mouseout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-hover"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"keyup",(function(e){"Tab"===e.key&&o.searchForm.classList.add("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"])),o.searchInput.classList.toggle("".concat(Yt.empty),""===o.searchInput.value)})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"keydown",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.searchInput,"focusout",(function(){o.searchForm.classList.remove("".concat(Yt["search-input-uh3-focus-visible"]))})),e.addElementListener(o.submitSearchBtn,"click",(function(e){""===o.searchInput.value.trim()&&e.preventDefault()})),e.addElementListener(o.clearSearchBtn,"click",(function(){o.searchInput.classList.add("".concat(Yt.empty))}))),o.submitSearchBtn&&"crunch"===n.ytheme&&new Kt(e,o.submitSearchBtn,m(m({},Jt),{label:null!==(t=n.i18n.root.SEARCH_TOOLTIP_WEB)&&void 0!==t?t:"Search the web",containerClass:"".concat(Yt.tooltip," ").concat(Yt.tooltip__web),tooltipParentElm:o.clearSearchBtn.parentElement}))}));var Vt="_yb_tdk4ba",$t="_yb_hkd17a",Xt="_yb_rtzclf",Zt="_yb_tdbhj6",Qt="_yb_de52ef",en="_yb_9hwrey",tn="_yb_slc8ta",nn="_yb_bf0svp",on="_yb_hjic9z";ge("ybar-mod-adaptivenav",(function(e){var t=document.querySelector("#ybar-l1-more-menu ul"),n={moreDropDown:document.querySelector(".".concat(Vt)),moreBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat($t)),wrap:document.querySelector(".".concat(Zt)),moreSectionTitle:document.querySelectorAll(".".concat(Qt)),editionsCtaBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat(en)),editionsMenu:document.querySelector(".".concat(tn)),closeBtn:document.querySelector(".".concat(nn)),moreMenuDropDownHeight:t?"".concat(t.offsetHeight+48,"px"):"0"};new 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This narrow interpretation misses its deeper message.The white paper identified structural weaknesses in global payments and settlement that continue to affect consumers, businesses, and financial institutions today. It outlined a model of digital value transfer built on verification, transparency, and predictable rules. At a time when the foundations of digital commerce are under strain, the white paper provides a blueprint worth revisiting.The central argument is straightforward: a financial system that depends entirely on intermediaries cannot scale securely or equitably in a digital world.The system was breaking long before Bitcoin arrivedThe opening lines of the white paper point to a problem that was already well known in 2008 and has become more clear today. Digital commerce still depends on layers of financial intermediaries that introduce friction, cost, and risk. These intermediaries manage disputes, reverse transactions, and determine when payments are final. This structure worked reasonably well in a slower, less global economy. It is increasingly misaligned with how people transact today.Consumers have grown accustomed to delays in moving their own money. Merchants absorb fraud and chargebacks they cannot prevent. Small businesses live with unpredictable settlement times that affect payroll and cash flow. International transfers remain slow and expensive. Even in developed markets, bank outages and payment failures are no longer rare exceptions. When intermediaries struggle, the consequences ripple across daily life. A frozen transfer can cause a missed bill. A delayed settlement can impact a business’s ability to operate. For millions of people outside stable banking systems, these failures effectively limit access to global commerce.These problems have not faded with technological progress. In many cases, they have intensified. As more economic activity moves online, the limitations of existing rails become harder to ignore. The white paper did not create dissatisfaction with legacy payments. It documented concerns that were already growing and supplied a protocol-level alternative.Bitcoin introduced capabilities that did not exist beforeThe white paper proposed a simple idea with far-reaching consequences: anyone should be able to send value to anyone else on a digital network without relying on a central authority to validate the transaction. Before Bitcoin, this was not possible. Preventing double spending required a trusted ledger. Preventing fraud required intermediaries. Ensuring users followed the rules required centralized enforcement.Terms and Privacy PolicyPrivacy & Cookie SettingsMore InfoS&P 5006,840.20 +17.86 (+0.26%)Dow 3047,562.87 +40.75 (+0.09%)Nasdaq23,724.96 +143.81 (+0.61%)Russell 20002,479.38 +13.43 (+0.54%)VIX17.44 +0.53 (+3.13%)Gold3,996.50 -19.40 (-0.48%)PortfolioSign in to access your portfolioSign inTop gainersBHF Brighthouse Financial, Inc. 57.07 +11.38 (+24.91%)ILMN Illumina, Inc. 123.54 +24.53 (+24.78%)TWLO Twilio Inc. 134.88 +22.02 (+19.51%)TVTX Travere Therapeutics, Inc. 35.16 +5.51 (+18.58%)BFAM Bright Horizons Family Solutions Inc. 109.23 +16.95 (+18.37%)Top losersATGE Adtalem Global Education Inc. 98.02 -43.75 (-30.86%)SPSC SPS Commerce, Inc. 82.24 -21.65 (-20.84%)TBBK The Bancorp, Inc. 65.37 -11.83 (-15.32%)DXCM DexCom, Inc. 58.22 -9.98 (-14.63%)ABR Arbor Realty Trust, Inc. 10.09 -1.46 (-12.64%)Most activeNVDA NVIDIA Corporation 202.49 -0.32 (-0.16%)AMZN Amazon.com, Inc. 244.22 +21.36 (+9.58%)PFE Pfizer Inc. 24.65 +0.36 (+1.48%)OPEN Opendoor Technologies Inc. 7.77 +0.43 (+5.86%)ONDS Ondas Holdings Inc. 6.44 +0.15 (+2.38%)Earnings eventsMy earnings eventsEarnings eventsTrending tickersBTC-USD Bitcoin USD 109,994.38 +585.49 (+0.54%)ETH-USD Ethereum USD 3,868.10 +25.69 (+0.67%)BRK-B Berkshire Hathaway Inc. 477.54 -0.98 (-0.20%)XRP-USD XRP USD 2.50 +0.00 (+0.03%)BRK-A Berkshire Hathaway Inc. 715,740.00 -2,182.00 (-0.30%)Top economic events