王月眉2025年11月12日11月，纽约。IndieChina电影节海报前的电影人朱日坤。 via Zhu RikunThe phone call came around 5 a.m. to Zhu Rikun, the organizer of a new Chinese independent film festival in New York City. It was his father in China, his voice sounding strange. He asked if Mr. Zhu was up to anything bad, Mr. Zhu recalled, and urged him not to do anything that would hurt China.电话是凌晨5点左右打给朱日坤的，他是纽约一个新成立的中国独立电影节的组织者。电话另一端是他身在中国的父亲，声音听起来很奇怪。朱日坤回忆说，父亲问朱日坤是否做了什么不好的事情，并敦促他不要做任何伤害祖国的事情。In the following days, Mr. Zhu received more vague messages. They were from the directors whose films he was preparing to screen at the festival, people scheduled to moderate discussions and one volunteer. All told him they wanted to withdraw.接下来的几天里，更多模糊的信息接踵而至。信息来自原定参展的导演、预定主持讨论的嘉宾以及一名志愿者。所有人都告诉他，他们想退出。Most declined to give Mr. Zhu an explanation or cited personal reasons. But a few confided that they or their relatives had been told by the Chinese police to pull out, he said.大多数人要么拒绝给出缘由，要么声称出于个人原因。但他说，一些人透露，他们或他们的亲属受到了中国警方的劝退压力。Two days before the festival was supposed to open last Saturday, Mr. Zhu decided to cancel it.电影节原定于上周六开幕，朱日坤在此前两天决定取消。“I am not making this decision out of fear or submission,” he wrote on the festival’s website. “But I hope this announcement of the cancellation of IndieChina Film Festival will make certain unknown forces stop harassing all the directors, guests, former staff, volunteers and my friends and family.”“我并非处于害怕或者屈服而作出这个决定；但是我希望IndieChina电影节停止的声明能让某些不明势力停止继续骚扰所有跟电影节有关的导演、嘉宾、前工作人员、志愿者，包括我的朋友和家人，”他在电影节的网站上写道。 The apparent official intimidation elicited by the festival — which by Mr. Zhu’s own description was small, low-profile and likely to have limited impact within China — shows how far the Chinese government is willing to go to suppress critical voices, even thousands of miles away. Some of the participants have lived overseas for years, said Mr. Zhu, a filmmaker who moved from China to New York in 2014. Even foreign citizens or people not of Chinese heritage were not spared, with some being pressured by their employers, Mr. Zhu said.按照朱日坤本人的说法，这个电影节规模小、低调且在中国国内影响有限，但对它的施压暴露了中国政府压制异见声音的意愿有多么强烈，哪怕这些声音远在千里之外。2014年从中国搬到纽约的电影制作人朱日坤说，一些参与者已经在海外生活多年。他表示，即便是外国公民或没有中国血统的人也不能幸免，有些人受到雇主的压力。Several of the films touched on topics the Chinese government is sensitive about, such as the coronavirus pandemic or the one-child policy. But others, Mr. Zhu said, could have been shown in mainstream cinemas in China.其中几部电影触及了中国政府敏感的话题，比如新冠疫情或独生子女政策。但朱日坤说，其他一些电影本来都是可以在中国主流影院上映的。“I never thought about hiding this, like it was an underground event. If we were in China, I’d probably do that,” he said in an interview. But “that this would become so hard even in New York was totally beyond my expectations.”“我从没想过要隐瞒这件事，好像这是一个地下事件。如果我们在中国，我可能会这么做，”他在接受采访时说。但“即使在纽约，这件事也会变得这么难，这完全出乎我的意料”。The space for independent films has been largely erased in China, as Xi Jinping, the country’s leader, has sought to enforce strict ideological purity. The small independent festivals that were established in the 2000s, showing films not submitted to state censors for approval — and therefore not allowed to screen commercially — were shut down years ago. Directors who made films critical of the government have been imprisoned or fined.随着习近平推行严格的思想纯洁性政策，中国独立电影的生存空间已被大幅压缩。2000年代创办的那些小型独立电影节早已被取缔——这些电影节展映的影片未经国家审查机构批准，因此无法在商业影院放映。拍摄批评政府影片的导演则面临监禁或罚款。Some Chinese have sought refuge overseas. A year after the Beijing Independent Film Festival (of which Mr. Zhu was a co-founder) was shut down, some films were screened in New York. Chinese living abroad have set up Chinese-language bookstores, and organized comedy shows and pop-up salons to discuss culture and current affairs in Tokyo, London and Chiang Mai, Thailand.一些中国人流亡海外。北京独立影展（朱日坤曾是联合创始人）被停办一年后，部分影片得以在纽约放映。旅居海外的中国人在东京、伦敦和泰国清迈开设中文书店，组织喜剧表演和快闪沙龙，讨论文化和时事。But increasingly, government repression has followed. In July, the Chinese Embassy in Bangkok successfully pressured a museum there to partially censor an exhibition that the Chinese authorities said advocated independence for Xinjiang, Tibet and Hong Kong. A documentary about waters disputed between China and the Philippines was pulled from a film festival in Manila earlier this year, with the Filipina director citing “external factors.”但政府的打压却日益接踵而至。今年7月，中国驻曼谷大使馆成功施压当地一家美术馆，要求其对某展览进行部分审查——中方当局称该展览鼓吹新疆、西藏和香港独立。今年早些时候，一部关于中菲海域争议的纪录片在马尼拉的一个电影节上被撤下，菲律宾导演称原因是“外部因素”。Mr. Zhu, who started planning the New York festival earlier this year, had advertised it on Chinese social media and knew that the authorities might take notice. But he thought that the worst that could happen was that he alone might encounter problems visiting China, he said.朱日坤今年早些时候开始策划这次纽约的电影节，他在中国的社交媒体上做了宣传，知道当局可能会注意到。但他说，他认为最坏的情况是他本人回到中国可能会遇到麻烦。He received around 200 submissions from filmmakers based all around the world and selected 31. He collected about $1,000 in online donations, but mostly funded the event himself. He had expected around 60 to 70 attendees at each screening.他收到了来自世界各地电影人的200多部作品，并从中选择了31部。他在网上募集了大约1000美元的捐款，但大部分资金都是他自己出的。他原本预计每场放映会有约60至70名观众到场。But about a week before the opening, even as some festival guests were already starting to arrive in New York, the Chinese authorities were mobilizing.但是，大约在开幕式前一周，甚至在一些嘉宾已经开始抵达纽约时，中国当局开始行动。Four Chinese police officers visited a filmmaker who lives in China and who had been set to participate in Mr. Zhu’s festival. The filmmaker, who spoke on the condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation, said that the authorities were unhappy with Mr. Zhu and that the festival was an act of smearing China from abroad.四名中国警察拜访了一位住在中国的电影制作人，他原本打算参加朱日坤的电影节。由于担心遭到报复，这位电影制作人要求匿名。他说，当局对朱日坤不满，认为该电影节是一种在境外抹黑中国的行为。The filmmaker agreed to withdraw from the festival. The person also stopped working on their current project, describing the pressure as suffocating.这位电影制作人同意退出电影节，并停止了他们目前的项目，称这种压力令人窒息。The scale of the intimidation around the world shows the government’s expanding surveillance power, said Maya Wang, the associate Asia director at Human Rights Watch. “It’s incredibly chilling for anyone who has some remote connection to China.”人权观察组织亚洲部副主任王松莲指出，全球范围内的恐吓规模彰显了政府日益扩张的监控能力。“对于任何与中国有些许联系的人来说，这都极度令人不寒而栗。”In a written response to questions about the festival, the Chinese Foreign Ministry said that it wasn’t familiar with the specific circumstances, but that Human Rights Watch had “long been prejudiced against China.”中国外交部在书面答复有关该电影节的质询时表示，对具体情况不了解，但是人权观察组织“长期以来对中国抱有偏见”。Mr. Zhu said he didn’t know whether he’d try to organize another festival. It was too late to cancel the event space he’d booked in Brooklyn.朱日坤表示尚不确定是否会再次尝试组织电影节。他预订的布鲁克林活动场地已无法取消。“I’ll just go there and watch movies myself,” he said.“我打算自己去那里看电影，”他说。王月眉(Vivian Wang)是《纽约时报》驻华记者，常驻北京，撰写关于中国的崛起及雄心如何塑造普通人日常生活的报道。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。获取更多RSS：https://feedx.net https://feedx.site