Countries: World, Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Ecuador, Egypt, France, India, Republic of Korea, Senegal, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America Sources: UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, World Meteorological Organization Please refer to the attached file. This narrative analysis highlights how twelve countries are confronting the realities of extreme heat through diverse governance models, partnerships, and innovations. The case studies span multiple regions and development contexts-Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Ecuador, Egypt, France, India, Senegal, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States-offering a cross-cutting view of what's working, where gaps remain, and how national strategies are evolving in the face of escalating climate threats.Some of the common lessons from the case studies include:Successful implementation of heat action plans requires active engagement and participation of local communities.Addressing extreme heat requires coordinated involvement from sectors including health, urban planning, agriculture, and disaster management.Robust early warning systems are essential for prompt and effective dissemination of heat alerts and advisoriesInvesting in heat resilient infrastructure, such as green spaces, cool roofs, and energy-efficient buildings, helps mitigate the impacts of extreme heatEnhancing the capacity of healthcare systems to manage heat-related illnesses through training, resource allocation, and infrastructure improvements is critical for reducing heatrelated morbidity and mortality.