In an executive order signed Thursday evening, President Trump formalized a tariff framework that marks the most protectionist U.S. trade posture in decades. The new tariffs target dozens of key U.S. trading partners and cemented the fresh deals made with others. Labeling America’s $1 trillion goods trade deficit an “extraordinary threat” to national security and economic prosperity, the executive order increases duties on a range of imports — from semiconductor components to consumer goods — while offering strategic…