KENNETH CHANG2026年4月2日 Kenny Holston/The New York TimesA towering orange-and-white NASA rocket blasted off from Florida on Wednesday evening, lifting four astronauts toward space and transporting spectators’ imaginations to a future in which Americans may again set foot on the moon.周三傍晚，一枚高大的橙白相间NASA火箭从佛罗里达州发射升空，将四名宇航员送往太空，同时也把围观者的思绪带向美国人可能再次登月的未来。As they did during the heyday of the Apollo program, which first put men on the lunar surface, spectators squeezed onto the beaches along Central Florida’s Space Coast. The crowds cheered when the powerful vehicle launched into the clear, twilight sky at 6:35 p.m. Eastern time. It traveled eastward, over the Atlantic Ocean, on a journey that is to go around the moon but not land there.正如当年阿波罗计划鼎盛时期一样（当时人类首次登上月球表面），围观者挤满了佛罗里达中部太空海岸的海滩。当这枚强大的运载火箭于美国东部时间下午6点35分冲入澄澈的暮色天空时，人群爆发出欢呼。火箭向东越过大西洋，执行一次绕月飞行但不登陆的任务。The flight aboard a spacecraft named Integrity is taking Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch and Jeremy Hansen on what is expected to be a round trip of more than 695,000 miles to clear a path for more exploration, and eventually a new lunar landing.此行搭载的飞船名为“诚信号”，上面有里德·怀斯曼、维克多·格洛弗、克里斯蒂娜·科赫和杰里米·汉森四名宇航员，预计他们将完成超过112万公里的往返旅程，为未来的进一步探索铺平道路，并最终实现新的登月任务。The mission, known as Artemis II, is the 21st century equivalent of Apollo 8, when NASA astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders captured the rapt attention of the world. When they launched in December 1968, it was the first time that astronauts rode on top of NASA’s mighty Saturn V rocket. For that mission, instead of just a short test flight around Earth, the space agency audaciously decided to send the crew all the way to the moon and back, the first time that another celestial body became a destination that humans could reach.这次任务名为“阿尔忒弥斯2号”，相当于21世纪的“阿波罗8号”——当年的宇航员弗兰克·博尔曼、詹姆斯·洛弗尔和威廉·安德斯曾吸引全世界的目光。1968年12月的发射是宇航员首次搭乘美国航天局强大的“土星五号”火箭进入太空。那次任务中，航天局并未进行绕地短途测试，而是直接将宇航员送往月球并返回，这是人类首次将另一个天体作为可抵达的目的地。Like Apollo 8, Artemis II aims to similarly check that the spacecraft can safely make the journey and keep its crew alive during the 10 days it is expected to take to go to the moon and return. Under those plans, the trip will conclude with a splash in the Pacific Ocean on April 10.与“阿波罗8号”一样，“阿尔忒弥斯2号”旨在检验飞船能否安全完成旅程，在预计约10天的往返飞行中保障宇航员的生命安全。按照计划，飞船将于4月10日在太平洋溅落，结束任务。Unlike the Apollo astronauts, who were all white men, this mission sets a number of firsts: Mr. Glover of NASA will be the first Black man to venture into deep space and Ms. Koch of NASA will be the first woman to do so, while Mr. Hansen of the Canadian Space Agency will be the first person on a moon mission who is not an American. Mr. Wiseman of NASA is the commander of Artemis II.不同于当年的阿波罗宇航员全部为白人男性，这次任务创下多项“第一”：美国航天局的格洛弗将成为首位进入深空的黑人男性，科赫将成为首位进入深空的女性，而来自加拿大航天局的汉森则将成为首位参与登月任务的非美国人。美国航天局的怀斯曼担任“阿尔忒弥斯2号”任务的指令长。In the 1960s, NASA was racing to beat the Soviet Union to the moon. This time, NASA does not want to fall behind the space ambitions of China, which is aiming to land its astronauts on the moon by the end of 2030. But the goal is not to win the sprint. It is to establish a continuing presence on the lunar surface, building an outpost over the next decade.20世纪60年代，美国航天局与苏联赛跑，力争抢先登月。这一次，美国航天局不想落后于中国的太空雄心——中国计划在2030年底前将宇航员送上月球。但此次目标并不是赢得短跑，而是要在月球表面建立持续的存在，在未来十年里打造一个前哨基地。Jared Isaacman, a billionaire entrepreneur who became NASA administrator in December, has announced major revisions to the Artemis program and rallied a work force that was battered by uncertainty and downsizing last year to focus on putting new footprints on the moon by the end of 2028.亿万富翁企业家贾里德·艾萨克曼于去年12月出任美国航天局局长后，宣布对“阿尔忒弥斯计划”进行重大调整，并重整了在去年因不确定性和裁员而受挫的队伍，将重点放在2028年底前再次实现登月。Here’s what else you need to know about Artemis II:关于“阿尔忒弥斯2号”任务，还有几点值得了解：• All Aboard: The rocket was filled with propellants and the astronauts on Wednesday afternoon were seen seated in the capsule well ahead of the launch. Forecasters predicted an 80 percent chance of favorable conditions during the two-hour launch window, which was set to start at 6:24 p.m. The window allowed wiggle room to resolve last-minute glitches or wait for a threatening cloud to pass by.登舱就位：周三下午，火箭已加注推进剂，宇航员在发射前早早于舱内就位。气象预报显示，在长达两小时的发射窗口期内，有利天气条件的概率为80%。发射窗口从下午6点24分开启，为排除临阵故障或等待危险云层通过留出了缓冲余地。• Technical Hiccups: Problems that have snarled scheduled launch attempts in the past, like hydrogen leaks and helium leaks, did not recur. But there were other issues. First, NASA engineers resolved a problem with the rocket’s flight termination system, which destroys the rocket in the event that the crew capsule is ejected during flight. Then, around 5:30 p.m. Eastern, NASA said it was working on a problem with a battery in that crew capsule ejection system. Learn how NASA keeps astronauts safe ›技术故障：过去曾使发射计划受阻的问题，如氢气和氦气泄漏，这次没有出现。但仍出现了其他问题。首先，航天局的工程师解决了火箭飞行终止系统的一个故障——如果飞行中载人舱被弹出，该系统会摧毁火箭。随后，在美东时间下午5点30分左右，航天局表示正在处理载人舱弹射系统一块电池的问题。了解NASA如何保障宇航员安全 ›• Firsts in Flight: The Artemis II crew included several firsts. Mr. Glover, the pilot, is to be the first Black man to travel around the moon. Ms. Koch is to be the first woman, and Mr. Hansen would be the first Canadian to make the journey. While Mr. Wiseman, Mr. Glover and Ms. Koch have spent time on the space station, this will be Mr. Hansen’s first time off the planet. Learn more about the crew ›此次发射创下多项“第一”：“阿尔忒弥斯2号”的宇航员创下多项纪录。飞行员格洛弗将成为首位绕月飞行的黑人男性，科赫将成为首位绕月飞行的女性，汉森则将成为首位完成此旅程的加拿大人。怀斯曼、格洛弗和科赫都曾在空间站工作，而汉森将是首次离开地球。了解此次宇航员的更多信息 ›• Rocket and Capsule: The astronauts will get to space aboard the Space Launch System. The rocket is the equivalent of the Saturn V that NASA used during the Apollo moon landings. The S.L.S. is 322 feet tall and weighs 5.75 million pounds when filled with propellants. Once in space, the crew will separate from the rocket and travel toward the moon in the Orion capsule. It has the interior volume of about two minivans. Read more ›火箭与飞船：宇航员将搭乘“太空发射系统”（SLS）进入太空。这枚火箭相当于阿波罗登月时期使用的“土星五号”。SLS约98米高，加注推进剂后重量约为2607吨。进入太空后，宇航员将与火箭分离，乘坐“猎户座”飞船前往月球，其内部空间大致相当于两辆小型面包车。了解更多 ›• 10 Days to the Moon and Back: The path of Artemis II is unlike any moon mission in the past and probably unlike any moon mission in the future. During the crew’s first few hours in space, they will test Orion’s systems while swinging out to about 43,000 miles above the Earth. That will set them up to begin their journey around the moon. The astronauts are expected to set a record for the farthest anyone has ever been from Earth, surpassing the distance reached by Apollo 13 in 1970 when the astronauts had to abort their mission and return back to Earth. Read more ›10天往返月球：“阿尔忒弥斯2号”的飞行轨道不同于以往任何一次登月任务，也可能不同于未来的任务。在进入太空后的最初几个小时里，宇航员将在距地球约6.9万公里的高度测试“猎户座”的各项系统，为绕月之旅做准备。宇航员预计将创下人类距离地球最远的纪录，超过1970年“阿波罗13号”任务中达到的距离——当时宇航员被迫中止任务返回地球。了解更多 ›翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。