PinnedOfficials in Oregon and Illinois stepped up efforts to block what they denounced as President Trump’s “invasion” of their cities with National Guard troops, fighting legal battles on multiple fronts on Monday even as 200 soldiers from Texas were headed for Chicago.Illinois officials sued Mr. Trump on Monday, hours after the president ordered hundreds of Texas National Guard soldiers to deploy for “federal protection missions” in Chicago and Portland, Ore. The lawsuit in Illinois followed a stern ruling by a federal judge in Oregon on Sunday blocking Mr. Trump from sending Guard members from any state to Portland.The torrent of moves by the Trump administration to deploy the military to U.S. cities in support of immigration enforcement efforts has left courts across the country scrambling to keep pace with a raft of orders that some judges have already deemed unconstitutional.Here’s what else to know:Local opposition: Gov. JB Pritzker of Illinois, a Democrat, called the order to deploy Texas troops to his state “Trump’s invasion.” In their lawsuit, Chicago and Illinois officials argue that the administration’s “provocative and arbitrary actions have threatened to undermine public safety by inciting a public outcry.” A U.S. military official said Monday morning that the first group from Texas Guard troops were moving to Chicago.Judge’s ruling: The ruling Sunday night by the federal judge in Oregon, Karin Immergut, came in response to the administration’s bid to circumvent a restraining order she had issued a day earlier, blocking Mr. Trump from sending hundreds of California Guard troops to Portland. After Mr. Trump moved to replace the California troops with soldiers from Texas, Judge Immergut broadened her order to cover all Guard troops. Read more ›Chicago: Federal immigration agents have inflamed tensions and drawn large crowds or demonstrators with aggressive tactics such as deploying tear gas on city streets with no warning, raiding apartments in the middle of the night, and handcuffing a City Council member at a hospital. Mayor Brandon Johnson, a Democrat, said Monday that he would establish “ICE-free zones,” preventing federal agents from staging without a warrant.Portland: Mr. Trump has described Portland as a city “burning to the ground.” But the demonstrations there have rarely expanded beyond a one-block radius of the immigration detention facility in the city. Until the president’s announcement that he was sending in troops, protests rarely numbered more than two dozen people. Clashes have turned more violent since Mr. Trump’s announcement, and two people were arrested Sunday night.Oct. 6, 2025, 2:01 p.m. ETBroadview, Ill., a suburb of Chicago, will curtail protest hours outside of a federal immigration facility there starting today, allowing demonstrations only between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m. The protest curfew is in response to federal agents “needlessly deploying tear gas, pepper spray, mace and rubber bullets at individuals and reporters,” Katrina Thompson, the village president, said in a statement issuing an executive order.Oct. 6, 2025, 2:00 p.m. ETPresident Trump has no interest in taking over American cities and is trying to “fix” crime, said Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary, during a briefing. “People just want to feel safer,” she said, arguing that the president has the right to send the National Guard anywhere he “deems necessary,” despite several judges already deeming his actions unconstitutional. Other than in Washington, the Guard troops have been not been deployed for crime-fighting efforts.Oct. 6, 2025, 1:38 p.m. ETFederal officers in Portland, Ore., on Sunday.Credit...Spencer Platt/Getty ImagesA federal judge late Sunday broadened her order blocking the Trump administration from deploying National Guard troops for “federal protection missions” in Portland, Ore., the latest legal roadblock to President Trump’s widening immigration crackdown in Democratic-run cities.Judge Karin Immergut of U.S. District Court in Oregon also told Justice Department lawyers in the hearing that she viewed Mr. Trump’s continuing efforts to send troops to Portland as “in direct contravention” of the earlier order issued by her court.Judge Immergut had initially blocked the deployment of Oregon National Guard troops to Portland. Her broader order came after the Trump administration sought to circumvent that ruling by sending hundreds of California National Guard troops to the city, while mustering hundreds more from Texas.In an emergency hearing on Sunday, Judge Immergut, an appointee of President Trump, broadened her initial restraining order to cover “the relocation, federalization or deployment of members of the National Guard of any state or the District of Columbia in the state of Oregon.”The protests in Portland that had been targeted by Mr. Trump “were not significantly violent or disruptive,” Judge Immergut wrote, adding that she expected a trial court to agree with the state’s contention that the president had exceeded his constitutional authority. The Trump administration quickly appealed.The decision to essentially substitute California troops for the thwarted Oregon deployment drew vehement criticism from Gov. Gavin Newsom of California and Gov. Tina Kotek of Oregon, both Democrats. They charged that the use of the out-of-state troops without their consent was an abuse of power and illegal.“The rule of law has prevailed — and California’s National Guard will be heading home,” Mr. Newsom said after the judge’s restraining order was issued late Sunday.But the judge’s order did not cover a pending deployment of guard troops to Chicago.Oct. 6, 2025, 1:27 p.m. ETMembers of the National Guard in Washington.Credit...Kenny Holston/The New York TimesThe Trump administration’s effort to send hundreds of National Guard troops into one major American city after another has prompted a multistate court fight.As the legal battles escalate, here’s what to know about the National Guard.What is the National Guard?The National Guard is a state-based military force made up of hundreds of thousands of trained soldiers who typically serve only part-time, but may be activated in times of need, most often during natural disasters, wars or civil unrest.When they are not on duty, Guard troops typically hold civilian jobs or attend college.The overall force has two parts, the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard. Each functions as a reserve force for the associated branch of the active-duty military. National Guard troops can be called up and deployed overseas to support military operations abroad, as they were during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.The Army National Guard, which descends from colonial and state militias, is the oldest part of the U.S. military.Who controls the National Guard?Both state governors and the president have the power to activate National Guard troops. When presidents have done so for duty in the United States, it has almost always been at the request of state or local officials. For example, President George H.W. Bush activated California National Guard troops in 1992 following a request from the governor of California for help quelling riots related to the killing of Rodney King.When President Trump deployed the California National Guard to the streets of Los Angeles over the summer in response to protests against his immigration crackdown, it was the first time since the civil rights movement in 1965 that a president had summoned a state’s National Guard troops against the will of the state governor.A federal judge later ruled that the Mr. Trump’s use of the troops to Los Angeles was illegal, saying that the president had effectively turned the troops into a “national police force” in violation of the Posse Comitatus Act, a 19th-century law that generally prohibits the use of federal troops for domestic civilian law enforcement.Oct. 6, 2025, 11:38 a.m. ETMayor Johnson of Chicago said the sharp escalation in federal immigration raids and arrests has caused the recent conflict and disruption in the city. “I’m calling on this president to leave us the freak alone,” he said. “We haven’t bothered anybody. We’re talking about a city where our economy is rebounding, where violent crime is going down.”Credit...Jim Vondruska/ReutersOct. 6, 2025, 11:31 a.m. ETMayor Brandon Johnson of Chicago says he will issue an executive order establishing “ICE-free zones,” banning federal immigration agents from staging on city property or private businesses without a warrant. “We cannot allow them to rampage through our city with no checks or balances,” Johnson said of federal agents. “If Congress will not check this administration, then Chicago will.”Oct. 6, 2025, 11:12 a.m. ETThe first group of about 200 Texas National Guard solders is en route to Chicago, a U.S. military official said on Monday. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth on Sunday federalized 400 members of the the state’s National Guard, with the support of Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas, to support federal law enforcement officials in Chicago and Portland.Oct. 6, 2025, 10:45 a.m. ETSome background on the escalating battle over troop deployments: Chicago has been roiled by the presence of federal immigration agents in the city and its suburbs for weeks. Agents have deployed tear gas with no warning, raided apartments and zip-tied residents for hours in the middle of the night, and handcuffed a City Council member at a hospital after she asked to see an arrest warrant for a detainee.Credit...Jamie Kelter Davis for The New York TimesOct. 6, 2025, 10:43 a.m. ETIllinois officials sued the Trump administration on Monday morning, seeking to stop the mobilization of National Guard troops to the state. Gov. JB Pritzker has objected to the deployment of troops from Texas. In the lawsuit, state officials argue that the administration’s actions would “undermine public safety by inciting a public outcry.”Oct. 5, 2025, 3:04 p.m. ETAn account of a confrontation between Border Patrol agents and motorists given in a criminal complaint on Sunday did not mention an armed motorist, though one given by homeland security officials on Saturday did.Credit...Octavio Jones/Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesTwo Chicago residents have been charged with using their cars to “assault, impede, and interfere with the work of federal agents,” federal prosecutors said on Sunday.The charges stemmed from a confrontation Saturday morning between federal agents and motorists on the Southwest Side of Chicago that resulted in a federal agent shooting one of the motorists, Marimar Martinez, 30. She was treated and released from a hospital.She was charged along with another motorist, Anthony Ian Santos Ruiz, 21.The criminal complaint makes no mention of any firearm in the possession of either motorist, in contrast to an earlier statement from the Department of Homeland Security.According to the criminal complaint, three Border Patrol agents who were conducting an operation in Oak Lawn, Ill., were followed by Ms. Martinez and Mr. Ruiz. They pursued the agents’ cars, running red lights and stop signs as they did so, and eventually crossed the city line into Chicago, the complaint said.During the chase, the complaint said, Ms. Martinez “regularly and loudly” referred to the agents as “la migra,” the Spanish term for immigration authorities.Ms. Martinez and Mr. Ruiz then drove into one of the federal agents’ cars, causing the agent to lose control of the vehicle, the complaint said. Once the agents’ car had stopped and the agents had stepped out of it, Ms. Martinez drove her car directly at one of the agents, the complaint said, prompting him to fire five shots at her.The account given in the complaint differs significantly from the one offered on Saturday in a statement from the Department of Homeland Security. That statement said that agents were “forced to deploy their weapons and fire defensive shots” at a driver who was “armed with a semiautomatic weapon.” The criminal complaint does not include that claim.It also differs from an account given to The New York Times by Mr. Ruiz’s mother, Elizabeth Ruiz. She said her son called her immediately after the confrontation and told her that federal agents were being chased and rammed by other cars, not his, and that the agents had struck him.“‘Mom, they hit me, they hit me,’” she said he told her. “‘I said, ‘What do you mean?’ And he said ‘ICE.’”“I told him to get himself situated and then I started hearing boom, boom, boom, and he yelled, ‘Mom, they’re shooting,’” she said.Ms. Ruiz said she raced to the scene and saw her son being arrested shortly after. On Sunday, she said he was still in custody.Christopher Parente, a lawyer for Ms. Martinez, said he was gathering information about what had happened and was working to gain Ms. Martinez’s release.Robert Chiarito contributed reporting. Susan C. Beachy contributed research.