DAVID E. SANGER2026年3月20日President Trump said on Thursday that he had complained to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel about the bombing of one of Iran’s largest offshore gas fields, exposing the two allies’ sharply different strategies as they try to disarm Iran, and in the case of Israel, trigger “state collapse.”特朗普总统周四表示，他已就以色列轰炸伊朗最大海上天然气田之一向以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡表达不满，这暴露了两个盟国在试图解除伊朗武装——以及以色列希望引发的“国家崩溃”——方面的策略存在鲜明分歧。Asked about the Israeli strike, which sent oil markets reeling, Mr. Trump said, “I told him don’t do that,” and he suggested that Mr. Netanyahu “won’t do that” again in the future.在被问及导致油市剧烈震荡的以色列打击行动时，特朗普说：“我告诉他别这么做”，并表示内塔尼亚胡今后不会“再这么做了”。“We’re independent, we get along great,” said Mr. Trump, who spoke to reporters as he welcomed Japan’s prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, in the Oval Office. He insisted that the U.S. and Israeli approaches were “coordinated.”“我们是独立的，我们相处得很好，”特朗普在椭圆形办公室迎接日本首相高市早苗时对记者说。他坚称美国和以色列的策略是“协调一致的”。Three Israeli officials briefed on the strike on the gas field said that the United States was informed before the attack. But Mr. Trump, in a Truth Social posting, suggested he knew nothing about it, and said the United States did not participate.三名了解此次天然气田打击行动的以色列官员表示，美国在袭击前知情。但特朗普在Truth Social上发帖表示自己对此一无所知，并称美国并未参与。In a war that is about to complete its third week with no end in sight, the attack and the furious counterstrikes on the energy facilities of Persian Gulf states revealed that the two allies were clearly not coordinated in their approach.这场即将进入第三周的战争尚无结束迹象。此次袭击以及对波斯湾国家能源设施的激烈反击表明，两位盟友在策略上显然并未协调一致。European officials, speaking on the condition of anonymity, said that the military operations over the past few days were more evidence of Israel’s belief that if it can dismantle Iran’s main sources of revenue and decapitate its political, military and intelligence leadership, the country will devolve into what the Israelis call “state collapse.”欧洲官员在匿名条件下表示，过去几天的军事行动进一步证明，以色列相信如果能摧毁伊朗的主要收入来源，并定点清除其政治、军事和情报领导层，该国将陷入以色列人所谓的“国家崩溃”。The European view is that the result will be the opposite: Iran’s forces will escalate, using its surviving drones and missiles to destroy the vulnerable infrastructure of its neighbors, in what will become an existential battle.欧洲的观点则相反：伊朗军队将升级行动，利用所剩的无人机和导弹摧毁邻国脆弱的基础设施，这将演变为一场生死存亡之战。Israel has been targeting the Iranian leadership, and with the attack on the South Pars gas field — a vast natural gas field in the Gulf run jointly by Iran and Qatar — it was striking directly at Iran’s ability to generate revenue. The Iranians responded with a missile attack on Qatar’s Ras Laffan Industrial City, significantly damaging one of the Gulf state’s most critical energy hubs.以色列一直在针对伊朗领导层，而对伊朗和卡塔尔共同运营的大型海湾天然气田南帕尔斯天然气田的袭击直接打击了伊朗的创收能力。伊朗则以导弹袭击卡塔尔拉斯拉凡工业城作为回应，重创了该海湾国家最重要的能源枢纽之一。Mr. Trump clearly worries that such attacks and counterattacks will result in even greater surges in the price of oil and gas, and make shippers even more fearful of transiting the Strait of Hormuz. So he has been trying to preserve Iran’s oil and gas infrastructure and keep the country from retaliating at energy facilities throughout the Gulf. With every piece of evidence that the war is escalating, the price of oil increases, and Mr. Trump’s aides are scrambling to contain the economic ripple effects, starting with oil prices.特朗普显然担心此类袭击与反击将导致油气价格进一步飙升，并使船运公司更加畏惧通过霍尔木兹海峡。他一直在努力保护伊朗的油气基础设施，并防止该国对整个海湾的能源设施进行报复。每一个战争升级的迹象都带来油价的进一步上涨，特朗普的助手们正忙于遏制经济连锁反应，首当其冲的就是油价。Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said that to calm the markets, the United States was thinking about releasing more from the Strategic Oil Reserve, which the administration had failed to refill to capacity in the run-up to the war. But more strikingly, he has discussed suspending sanctions on Iranian oil already at sea — in an effort to free up roughly 140 million barrels — as another way to tamp down prices.财政部长斯科特·贝森特表示，为安抚市场，美国正在考虑释放更多战略石油储备——本届政府在战前未能将储备补满。但更引人注目的是，他谈到了暂停对已在海上的伊朗石油的制裁——旨在释放约1.4亿桶石油——作为另一种压低价格的手段。That would, of course, bring more revenue to Iran, but Mr. Bessent insisted that “we will be using the Iranian barrels against the Iranians to keep the price down for the next 10 or 14 days, as we continue this campaign.”这当然会为伊朗带来更多收入，但贝森特坚称：“我们将用这些伊朗石油来对抗伊朗人，在接下来的10到14天内压低价格，同时继续战斗。”At every moment, Mr. Trump and Mr. Bessent are trying to signal to the markets that they have everything under control, even amid evidence that their effort to contain Iran’s retaliation — and the markets’ response — is failing. Mr. Trump tried to characterize his conversations with Mr. Netanyahu as a modest difference of opinion. “On occasion, he’ll do something,” Mr. Trump told reporters on Thursday, “and if I don’t like it, and so we’re not doing that anymore.”在每一刻，特朗普和贝森特都在试图向市场发出信号：一切尽在掌控，即使证据显示他们遏制伊朗报复——以及市场反应——的努力正在失败。特朗普试图将他与内塔尼亚胡的对话描述为温和的分歧。“偶尔，他会做些事，”特朗普周四对记者说，“如果我不喜欢，我们就不会再这么做了。”In their public explanations of the status of the war, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and Gen. Dan Caine, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, contended anew on Thursday that the United States was hitting all of its targets. Mr. Hegseth stressed the attacks on Iran’s defense industrial sites, so that it cannot replace missiles, launchers and drones destroyed in what has been an aerial hide-and-seek operation.在周四对战争现状的公开解释中，国防部长皮特·海格塞斯和参谋长联席会议主席丹·凯恩将军再次坚称，美国正在打击所有目标。海格塞斯强调了对伊朗国防工业基地的袭击，这样一来，通过一场空中捉迷藏式行动摧毁的导弹、发射器和无人机将不会得到补充。They spoke about dropping 5,000-pound bombs earlier this week at a suspected missile storage site near the Strait of Hormuz, part of an effort to keep Iran from being able to harass shipping through the 21-mile-wide stretch that has become a bottleneck for oil and gas exports. The weapon it used was the new GBU-72/B, a bunker-busting bomb that appeared to be directed at cruise-missile storage sites along the strait.他们谈到本周早些时候在霍尔木兹海峡附近一处疑似导弹储存点投下5000磅炸弹，以求扼制伊朗对这条33公里宽的航运线路进行的袭扰，该海峡已成为油气出口的瓶颈。行动使用的武器是新型GBU-72/B钻地炸弹，目标似乎是海峡沿线的巡航导弹储存点。“To date we’ve struck over 7,000 targets across Iran and its military infrastructure,” Mr. Hegseth insisted, saying that Thursday would be “the largest strike package yet,” repeating his vow of “death and destruction from above.”“迄今为止，我们已打击伊朗及其军事基础设施超过7000个目标，”海格塞斯坚称，并表示周四将是“迄今为止最大规模的打击包”，重申其“从空中带来死亡与毁灭”的誓言。But the speed of the Iranian retaliation for the South Pars attack was evidence that the United States had not gained what military strategists call “escalation dominance,” the ability to keep an adversary from further escalating its response. And Mr. Hegseth repeated that he would provide no “definitive time frame” for declaring that it had achieved its objectives.但伊朗对南帕尔斯袭击的快速报复表明，美国尚未获得军事策略师所谓的“升级主导权”——即阻止对手进一步升级回应的能力。海格塞斯重申，他不会就目标的达成给出一个“明确的时限”。In Mr. Hegseth’s telling, the entire war is playing out according to plan. But evidence to the contrary abounds. The rush to find allies to patrol the strait — which so far has resulted in no takers — and the scramble to contain increases in energy prices suggests that the administration continues to be surprised at Iran’s ability to strike back. Its skillful asymmetric attacks are designed to drive prices up and stock markets down in the United States — metrics that get Mr. Trump’s attention.在海格塞斯的叙述中，整场战争正按计划进行。但反证比比皆是。匆忙寻找愿意进行海峡巡逻的盟友——迄今无人响应——以及遏制能源价格上涨的努力表明，政府仍对伊朗的反击能力感到意外。其巧妙的不对称攻击旨在推高美国油价、压低股市——这些是会吸引特朗普的注意的指标。Washington’s fear now is that the Gulf countries, which have shown considerable restraint in not responding to Iranian missile and drone attacks, will begin retaliating. On Wednesday, shortly after the Israeli attack on South Pars, part of the world’s largest offshore gas fields, two waves of incoming ballistic missiles were intercepted over Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, according to the Saudi Defense Ministry.华盛顿现在担心，海湾国家——它们迄今对伊朗导弹和无人机袭击表现出相当的克制——将开始反击。周三，在以色列袭击南帕尔斯——属于世界上最大的海上天然气田——后不久，据沙特国防部称，利雅得上空拦截了两波来袭弹道导弹。The kingdom’s foreign minister, Prince Faisal bin Farhan, warned that his government reserved the right “to take military actions if deemed necessary.”该国外交大臣费萨尔·本·法尔汉亲王警告称，政府保留“在必要时采取军事行动”的权利。“We will not shy away from protecting our country and our economic resources,” he said at a news conference early Thursday.“我们会毫不犹豫地保卫我们的国家和我们的经济资源，”他在周四早间的新闻发布会上说。He would not say how long Saudi patience with attacks would stay in place. “Do they have a day, two, a week?” the prince asked. “I’m not going to telegraph that.”他不愿说明沙特对袭击的耐心还能持续多久。“还有一天、两天，还是一周？”亲王问道。“我不会提前透露。”He added that “what little trust” there was between the kingdom and Iran had “completely been shattered.” The countries re-established diplomatic relations in 2023.他补充说，王国与伊朗之间“本就所剩无几的信任”已“完全破灭”。两国于2023年恢复外交关系。Vivian Nereim自沙特阿拉伯利雅得对本文有报道贡献。David E. Sanger报道特朗普政府和一系列国家安全问题。他在时报任职超过40年，著有四本关于美国国家安全挑战的书。翻译：经雷点击查看本文英文版。