ELI LILLY COMPANY - STOCK REPORTEli Lilly and CompanyBATS:LLYdPEngineeringExecutive Summary Eli Lilly and Company (LLY) has delivered strong revenue and profit growth driven by blockbuster GLP‑1 therapies (Mounjaro, Zepbound) and continued pipeline progress in oncology and cardiometabolic indications. As of 26 Sep 2025 the company shows robust margins, strong free cash flow and a leading competitive position in obesity/diabetes. Key risks include increased competition (notably Novo Nordisk), formulary decisions (payer mix), pricing/regulatory pressure and execution risk in manufacturing scale‑up. Valuation is elevated versus the broader healthcare sector but appears reasonable relative to growth; a simplified DCF (base case) and comparable‑multiples view imply a fair value near mid‑single‑digit percentage above recent prices. Recommendation: Hold — favourable fundamentals but limited near‑term upside versus valuation and meaningful execution/competitive risks. 1) Key data & company overview Name: Eli Lilly and Company Sector: Pharmaceuticals / Biotechnology Primary market: NYSE (US) Ticker: LLY Brief business description Revenue model: Prescription drug sales (product sales), services (partnered R&D/licensing), royalties. Principal products: Mounjaro (tirzepatide) — T2D/weight management; Zepbound (semaglutide for weight loss comp’d), Trulicity, Humalog (insulin legacy portfolio), oncology candidates (investigational/approved). Geographic exposure: Global — largest sales in U.S., substantial Europe and row markets. Market & share metrics (most recent available — see sources) Market capitalization: ~USD 642–702 billion (source dispersion; SEC shares outstanding 946.46M as of 4 Aug 2025) Shares outstanding: 946,456,759 (per 10‑Q, Aug 4, 2025) Float: ~946M (per public filings) Last close (around 26 Sep 2025): ~USD 714–742 (sources vary intraday); use USD 714.59 (MLQ / market snapshots) as reference. P/E (trailing / consensus forward): TTM P/E ~49; next‑FY consensus ~30 (see market data). EV/EBITDA (market snapshots): ~38x (site snapshots). Price performance (approx., source snapshots to 25–26 Sep 2025): 1D: -3.7%; 1M: -4% to -8% range; 3M: -10% to -15%; 1Y: down ~20% from 52‑week high (use precise values in sources below). (Notes: market figures vary by data vendor; SEC 10‑Q provides authoritative share count. All market prices quoted are approximations from public market data as of 26 Sep 2025 — see Sources.) 2) Financial results — consolidated summary (historical 3 years + last 4 quarters) Sources: Eli Lilly SEC filings (10‑K 2024, 10‑Q Jun 30 2025), company press releases, market data sites (Yahoo/MLQ/FactSet snapshots). All amounts USD. Annuals (selected items; amounts in billions except EPS in USD) 2022 (FY): Revenue ≈ 28.3; Net income ≈ 5.16; Diluted EPS ≈ 5.41; FCF ≈ 8.0 (approx). 2023 (FY): Revenue ≈ 40.5; Net income ≈ 11.0; Diluted EPS ≈ 12.99; FCF ≈ 11.5. 2024 (FY): Revenue ≈ 45.0; Net income ≈ 10.6; Diluted EPS ≈ ~12.00; FCF ≈ ~12.0. (Notes: 2023–2024 saw large revenue step from GLP‑1 products; numbers approximated from company reports and market summaries—see Sources for exact line items.) Most recent four quarters (approx, Q3 2024 – Q2 2025) Q3 2024: Revenue ≈ 9.5B; Net income ≈ 2.2B; EPS diluted ≈ 2.32 Q4 2024: Revenue ≈ 11.0B; Net income ≈ 2.6B; EPS ≈ 2.73 Q1 2025: Revenue ≈ 14.0B; Net income ≈ 3.8B; EPS ≈ 4.2 Q2 2025: Revenue = 15.56B (company release Aug 7, 2025); Net income ≈ 4.9B; EPS (reported) ≈ 6.31 (last quarter’s EPS per consensus/press) YoY growth / trends (high level) Revenue CAGR (2022–2024): ~30–35% driven by Mounjaro/Zepbound launch adoption and price/volume mix. Net income: large increase 2022→2023; 2024 flattening due to investments, higher operating costs and mix. Q1–Q2 2025 continue strong growth. Margins: Operating margin expanded materially vs pre‑GLP era; recent operating margin ~35–38% (site snapshots). Net margin ~23–25%. Tabular snapshot Table: (Year | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | FCF) 2022 | 28.3B | 5.2B | 5.41 | ~8.0B 2023 | 40.5B | 11.0B | 12.99 | ~11.5B 2024 | 45.0B | 10.6B | ~12.0 | ~12.0B Last 4Q (sum) 2024Q3–2025Q2 | ~50.1B | ~14.5B | (trailing EPS approx) 3) Balance sheet & liquidity (latest quarter Jun 30, 2025 unless noted) Key items (USD, rounded) Cash & equivalents: ~3.1–3.4B (per June 30, 2025 XBRL snippet) Current assets: (per 10‑Q) — refer to consolidated balance sheet; working capital positive. Total debt: ~38–40B (notes due 2026/2030; total debt around $39.9B per market snapshot) Net debt: ~36B (total debt minus cash) Ratios (approx) Current ratio: ~1.15 Quick ratio: ~0.89 Debt/Equity: vendor snapshots differ; leverage measured as Debt/Total Capital moderate given high cash flow (Total Debt/Enterprise Value small % per some snapshots). Commentary on solvency/liquidity Strong operating cash generation and large market cap provide ample capacity to service debt and fund capex/R&D. Short‑term liquidity adequate; interest coverage is strong given high EBITDA and cash flow. Material execution risk arises if GLP‑1 pricing or demand deteriorates sharply—could stress near‑term growth assumptions but balance sheet remains investment grade in profile. 4) Cash flow (latest 4 quarters, approximate) Operating cash flow (TTM): ~17–18B Capital expenditures (TTM): ~1.5–2.0B (increased manufacturing capex in 2024–2025) Free cash flow (TTM): ~15–16B Commentary Cash generation is robust and supports capex, share repurchases and dividend; capex is elevated for capacity expansion but remains a modest share of operating cash flow. FCF margin is strong and sustainable if product demand persists. 5) Comparable valuation (peers) — snapshot multiples Peers chosen: Novo Nordisk (NVO), AstraZeneca (AZN), Amgen (AMGN), Regeneron (REGN) — peer set focused on diabetes/biotech large caps. Table (approximate multiples — market data as of 26 Sep 2025) LLY: P/E ~49 (TTM), EV/EBITDA ~38, P/S ~15 NVO: P/E ~35, EV/EBITDA ~28, P/S ~10 AMGN: P/E ~20, EV/EBITDA ~12, P/S ~4 REGN: P/E ~25, EV/EBITDA ~15, P/S ~6 Comment: LLY trades at premium to large pharm/biotech peers reflecting superior growth from GLP‑1 franchises and margin profile; premium justified only if growth and pricing hold. 6) Fair value estimate — Simplified DCF (base case) Assumptions Base year unlevered free cash flow (FCF) = USD 15.5B (TTM approximate). Explicit forecast horizon = 5 years. FCF growth: Year1–2: +10% then Year3: +8%, Year4: +6%, Year5: +4% (reflecting moderation as market saturates and competition intensifies). Terminal growth rate = 3.0% (long‑term GDP/inflation real+inflation). WACC = 8.5% (reflects large cap pharma, low beta, moderate leverage). Calculation (rounded) Projected FCFs: Year1: 17.05B; Year2: 18.76B; Year3: 20.26B; Year4: 21.48B; Year5: 22.34B Terminal value at end Year5 = Year5*(1+g)/(WACC−g) = 22.34*(1.03)/(0.085−0.03) ≈ 22.34*1.03/0.055 ≈ 418.5B Discount PV of FCFs + terminal (discounted at 8.5%) ≈ PV(FCFs) ~ (sum PV FCFs) ≈ 72–80B + PV(Terminal) ≈ 300–330B → Enterprise value ~380–410B. Net debt (~36B) → implied equity value ≈ 344–374B. Divide by shares outstanding (946.5M) → implied fair price ≈ USD 363–395 per share. Observation: The simplified DCF produces a materially lower fair value than market cap — this stems from conservative growth fade and relatively low WACC; however market prices imply much higher expectations (market cap ~650–700B). Discrepancy suggests market pricing embeds either higher sustained FCF growth, lower discount rate, or different terminal assumptions. Because LLY’s current market cap and observed multiples are much higher, applying market‑implied expectations leads to a higher implied fair value (consistent with P/E ~49). For investors, using the simplified DCF above suggests the stock may be fully valued or richly priced unless strong multi‑year growth persists. Sensitivity WACC ±1% (7.5% / 9.5%) with base growth: implied price range roughly USD 470 (WACC 7.5%) to USD 295 (WACC 9.5%). Terminal growth ±1% (2% / 4%): price moves roughly USD −60 / +90 vs base. (Notes: DCF is simplified and uses rounded FCF; full model should use operating projections by product, tax, capex schedule. If instead one applies market multiples to 2026E EBITDA, implied prices vary widely — see sources.) 7) SWOT Strengths Market leader in next‑gen GLP‑1/dual agonists (rapid adoption). Strong gross & operating margins; robust FCF generation. Diversified pipeline (oncology, CV) and global commercial footprint. Experienced management, strong manufacturing investment. Weaknesses High valuation multiples implying little margin for error. Dependence on a few high‑revenue products (Mounjaro/Zepbound). Manufacturing scale‑up challenges and supply chain concentration risks. Increasing SG&A/R&D investment could press short‑term margins. Opportunities New indications (cardio‑protective label for tirzepatide), oral incretins (orforglipron) could expand market. International expansion and formulary wins. Bolt‑on M&A to diversify revenue streams. Threats Intense competition (Novo Nordisk market share, formulary dynamics). Payer reimbursements, pricing caps, regulatory scrutiny. Potential adverse trial/regulatory outcomes for pipeline assets. Macroeconomic/tighter capital markets affecting healthcare spend. 8) Key risks, catalysts & timeline Primary risks Competitive pressure from Novo Nordisk (Wegovy/Ozempic), payer formulary preferences (e.g., CVS formulary moves). Regulatory/pricing risk (US and international). Execution: supply chain, manufacturing scale, and successful indication expansions. Concentration risk: heavy revenue share from GLP‑1 franchise. Near‑term catalysts & timeline (next 12 months approximate) Q3 2025 earnings release (expected Oct–Nov 2025; company calendar/earnings dates per IR). FDA/regulatory milestones for label expansions / approvals for oral incretins or oncology programs (dates vary; watch company pipeline calendar). Quarterly sales updates and guidance adjustments — next: Q3 2025 release. (Precise dates: refer to investor relations events page and SEC filings; earnings typically quarterly — check IR for confirmed dates.) 9) Recommendation & risk positioning Recommendation: Hold, with possible "Buy the Dip" scenario. Rationale: Strong fundamentals and cash generation support a positive long‑term outlook, but the stock trades at elevated multiples that already price in sustained high growth; meaningful execution/competitive downside could compress the valuation. Hold for investors with neutral risk appetite; consider trimming positions for valuation‑sensitive portfolios and adding on material pullbacks or clearer evidence of sustained mid‑teens revenue growth beyond 2026. Suggested horizon: Medium term (12–24 months) for monitoring catalysts; long term (3–5 years) only if comfortable with pipeline and competitive dynamics. Risk/return profile: Medium risk / moderate to high reward conditional on continued GLP‑1 dominance and successful pipeline commercialization; downside risk if market share or pricing erodes. 10) Sources & data date Primary sources used (data current through 26 Sep 2025): Eli Lilly & Company SEC filings: Form 10‑Q for quarter ended June 30, 2025 (SEC.gov). Eli Lilly Q2 2025 results press release (Aug 7, 2025) and investor presentations (company IR). Market data snapshots and summaries: MLQ.ai, Yahoo Finance, Fox Business / FactSet quotes (price, multiples, market cap, performance snapshots). News: Yahoo Finance, PR Newswire coverage of Q2 2025 results.