HELENE COOPER, ERIC SCHMITT2026年3月2日周日，埃尔比勒国际机场附近升起浓烟。该机场位于伊拉克库尔德自治区，驻有美国领导的联军部队。 Agence France-Presse — Getty ImagesIran struck a base housing American troops in Kuwait, killing three U.S. service members, military officials said on Sunday, as the stakes for the United States became immediately clear in its latest war in the Middle East.美国军方官员周日表示，伊朗袭击了科威特境内的一处美军基地，造成三名美军士兵死亡，美国在中东最新战争中的风险由此立即显现。The fatalities were the first for the United States since the U.S. and Israeli militaries jointly began attacks in Iran on Saturday. The U.S. military’s Central Command said that five service members were “seriously wounded” and several others “sustained minor shrapnel injuries and concussions” in the attack.这是自美国与以色列军方周六联合对伊朗发动袭击以来，美方首次出现人员阵亡。美国中央司令部称，袭击中另有五名军人“受重伤”，数人“遭受轻微弹片伤和脑震荡”。The Iranian strikes in Kuwait, at Camp Arifjan, destroyed major portions of an army unit that manages housing for troops in the country, military officials said.军方官员表示，伊朗袭击了科威特的阿里夫坚军营，摧毁了一支负责管理驻科部队住宿事务的陆军单位的大部分设施。Iranian retaliatory strikes also killed at least nine people in Israel, and four people in other countries in the region. In Iran, the U.S.-Israeli strikes have killed at least 133 civilians and wounded 200 others, according to HRANA, the media agency of an Iranian rights group based in Washington.伊朗的报复性袭击还造成以色列至少九人死亡，并在该地区其他国家造成四人死亡。总部位于华盛顿的伊朗人权组织媒体机构HRANA称，美以袭击已造成伊朗至少133名平民死亡、200人受伤。For the United States, the grim American toll in the first two days of the war signaled that Iran was more prepared for war than the Trump administration anticipated, U.S. military officials said. Iran has put up a fight, even after its supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and other top officials were killed in Israeli attacks with intelligence help from the C.I.A.美军官员称，开战两天美方就出现严重伤亡，表明伊朗对战争的准备超出了特朗普政府的预期。即便在最高领袖哈梅内伊及其他高级官员在以色列借助中情局情报发动的袭击中身亡，伊朗仍在顽强抵抗。美国第五舰队位于巴林首都麦纳麦的海军基地，摄于遭受伊朗报复性打击后。In the weeks before the war, the United States had assembled its largest military buildup since the Iraq War began in 2003. Since early Saturday, U.S. attack planes launched from bases around the Middle East and from at least one aircraft carrier have carried out hundreds of strikes in Iran.开战前数周，美国已完成2003年伊拉克战争以来最大规模的军事集结。自周六凌晨起，美军战机从中东各地基地及至少一艘航母起飞，对伊朗发动了数百次打击。The supreme leader “was unable to avoid our Intelligence and Highly Sophisticated Tracking Systems and, working closely with Israel, there was not a thing he, or the other leaders that have been killed along with him, could do,” Mr. Trump boasted on social media on Saturday.特朗普周六在社交媒体上自夸：“最高领袖无法躲过我们的情报与高度精密追踪系统。在与以色列密切配合下，他和一同被击毙的其他领导人毫无还手之力。”The Israeli military said on Sunday its airstrikes had destroyed about 200 ballistic missile launchers and rendered dozens more inoperable over the past two days, taking out roughly half of Iran’s launcher arsenal.以色列军方周日称，过去两天以军空袭摧毁了约200个弹道导弹发射装置，使另外数十个装置失去作战能力，伊朗导弹发射装备约半数被摧毁。The strikes have also targeted Iran’s central explosives manufacturing facility, which supplies materials for missile warheads and other weapons programs, including rockets, U.A.V.s, and cruise missiles.袭击目标还包括伊朗的核心炸药制造设施，该设施为导弹弹头及其他武器项目（包括火箭、无人机、巡航导弹）提供材料。On Sunday, the United States continued a wave of strikes, particularly targeting Iran’s ballistic missile program and the Iranian Navy, a Central Command official said.美国中央司令部一名官员表示，周日美方继续发动多轮打击，重点针对伊朗弹道导弹项目与伊朗海军。Air Force B-2 stealth bombers, armed with 2,000-pound bombs, struck Iran’s “hardened” ballistic missile facilities, Central Command said in a statement on Sunday. “No nation should ever doubt America’s resolve.”中央司令部周日在声明中称，空军B‑2隐形轰炸机携带2000磅（约907公斤）炸弹，打击了伊朗的“加固型”弹道导弹设施。“任何国家都不应怀疑美国的决心。”Central Command said that so far U.S. strikes have hit the Joint Headquarters of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, its Aerospace Forces Headquarters, Iranian air defense systems, ballistic missile sites, submarines and anti-ship missile sites.中央司令部称，截至目前，美军打击目标包括伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队联合指挥部、其空军总部、伊朗防空系统、弹道导弹基地、潜艇及反舰导弹基地。In another statement, Central Command said that U.S. forces struck an Iranian warship during the start of the joint American and Israeli attacks on Iran on Saturday. “The ship is currently sinking to the bottom of the Gulf of Oman,” Central Command said on social media. “As the President said, members of Iran’s armed forces, IRGC and police ‘must lay down your weapons.’ Abandon ship.”中央司令部在另一份声明中表示，周六美以联合对伊发动袭击之初，美军击中一艘伊朗军舰。“该舰目前正沉入阿曼湾海底，”中央司令部在社交媒体上说。“正如总统所言，伊朗武装部队、革命卫队和警察成员‘必须放下武器’，弃船逃生。”But Iran’s armed forces showed no immediate signs of giving up. Since the U.S. and Israeli military strikes began, Iran has launched hundreds of retaliatory missiles at a wide range of American and Israeli targets in the region. It has also launched strikes at Arab countries it considers allies of the United States, including Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Bahrain, Oman and Kuwait.但伊朗武装部队暂无投降迹象。自美以军事打击开始以来，伊朗向该地区范围内大量美军及以色列目标发射数百枚报复性导弹，同时还袭击了卡塔尔、阿联酋、约旦、巴林、阿曼、科威特等被其视为美国盟友的阿拉伯国家。周六空袭后，多哈一处驻有卡塔尔皇家空军和外国部队的区域。In the past, Iran has given warning before launching retaliatory strikes and made known which bases housing U.S. troops it intended to hit. This time, the strikes have been widespread. More than 549 drones, 165 ballistic missiles and two Iranian cruise missiles targeted the United Arab Emirates, the Emirati defense ministry said on Sunday. Most were intercepted but 21 drones struck civilian targets, the ministry said.以往伊朗发动报复袭击前通常会提前预警，并明确告知将袭击哪些驻有美军的基地。但这一次，袭击范围广泛。阿联酋国防部周日称，伊朗向阿联酋发射了超过549架无人机、165枚弹道导弹及二枚巡航导弹，大部分被拦截，但有21架无人机击中民用目标。U.S. military officials warned on Sunday that the military has been burning through Tomahawk missiles and other munitions.美军官员周日警告，军方战斧导弹及其他弹药消耗巨大。Gen. Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr., a former leader of Central Command, said it would probably become clear in the next 48 to 72 hours whether Iran could maintain its heavy barrage of retaliatory missile strikes as the U.S. and Israeli militaries targeted Iran’s arsenal.前美国中央司令部司令小肯尼思·麦肯齐上将表示，随着美以军方锁定伊朗武器库，未来48至72小时内将可判断伊朗能否维持密集的报复性导弹袭击。“It’s a race,” General McKenzie said in an interview.“这是一场赛跑，”麦肯齐在接受采访时说。Not all U.S. missile strikes may have hit their intended military targets.并非所有美军导弹打击都命中了预定军事目标。The Pentagon said on Saturday it was investigating reports of Iranian civilian deaths caused by military strikes inside the country. More than 100 people, probably most of them children, were killed in a strike that hit a girls’ elementary school in southern Iran, according to Iranian health officials and state media.五角大楼周六表示，正在调查有关军事打击在伊朗境内造成平民伤亡的报道。伊朗卫生官员及官方媒体称，伊朗南部一所女子小学遭袭，超过100人死亡，其中大部分可能是儿童。“We are aware of reports concerning civilian harm resulting from ongoing military operations,” said Capt. Tim Hawkins, a spokesman for Central Command. “We take these reports seriously and are looking into them. The protection of civilians is of utmost importance, and we will continue to take all precautions available to minimize the risk of unintended harm. Unlike Iran, we have never — and will never — target civilians.”“我们注意到有关军事行动造成平民伤亡的报道，”中央司令部发言人蒂姆·霍金斯上尉表示。“我们严肃对待这些报道并正在调查。保护平民至关重要，我们将继续采取一切可行措施，最大限度降低意外伤害风险。与伊朗不同，我们从未、也永远不会以平民为攻击目标。”Mr. Trump said in a Truth Social post on Saturday that “heavy and pinpoint bombing” would continue “uninterrupted throughout the week or, as long as necessary to achieve our objective of PEACE THROUGHOUT THE MIDDLE EAST AND, INDEED, THE WORLD!”特朗普周六在Truth Social平台发文称，“重型精准轰炸”将会“整周不间断进行，可能持续到实现我们的中东乃至世界和平的目标”。A U.S. military official confirmed that U.S. strikes would “continue” but did not say for how long.一名美军官员证实，美军打击将“继续”，但未说明持续多久。Daniel Byman, a professor at Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, said the United States would find it difficult to sustain large-scale operations at a rapid pace.乔治城大学外交学院教授丹尼尔·拜曼表示，美国将难以维持如此高强度、大规模的军事行动。Despite the size of the U.S. buildup, it is still small compared with the forces assembled for the 2003 invasion of Iraq and appeared more appropriate for a multiday bombing campaign than a long war, he said.他说，尽管美军集结规模可观，但与2003年入侵伊拉克部署的兵力相比仍然偏小，当前部署更适合为期数天的轰炸行动，而非长期战争。“The rapid pace of operations requires large numbers of missiles and air assets,” said Mr. Byman, who is also the director of the warfare, irregular threats, and terrorism program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. “Although the United States has deployed a large force to the region, this rapid pace will place a strain on the platforms and the operators.”“作战行动的快速推进需要大量导弹与空中力量支撑，”同时担任战略与国际研究中心战争、非常规威胁与恐怖主义项目主任的拜曼说。“尽管美国已向该地区部署大规模兵力，但如此快的节奏仍会对作战平台与操作人员造成巨大压力。”And it is not at all clear who will control Iran in the coming days.而且，未来几天谁来掌控伊朗，目前完全不清楚。“The regime still might be able to stay in power, even if the United States and Israel inflict significant damage on the regime’s leadership and military forces,” Mr. Byman said.“即便美国和以色列对伊朗政权领导层与军事力量造成重创，该政权仍有可能维持权力，”拜曼说。John Ismay contributed reporting.Helene Cooper是一名五角大楼记者。她此前曾任职编辑、外交记者和白宫记者。Eric Schmitt是《纽约时报》国家安全记者，主要关注美军事务以及海外反恐议题，他报道此类新闻已超过30年。翻译：纽约时报中文网点击查看本文英文版。